Plasma ascorbate levels and inhibition of the antioxidant activity of caeruloplasmin

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. C. Gutteridge
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Iron Salt ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
Plasma Ascorbate ◽  
Ferroxidase Activity

1. The copper-containing protein caeruloplasmin has several oxidase activities. 2. Its ability to catalyse the oxidation of ferrous ions to the ferric state (ferroxidase activity) makes it an important antioxidant in vivo. 3. Recent reports have suggested that oral supplementation with vitamin C can inhibit the oxidase activities of caeruloplasmin. 4. As expected, damage to DNA and membrane lipids was stimulated by mixtures of iron salt and ascorbate, and this damage could be inhibited by caeruloplasmin provided the molar ratio of ascorbate to caeruloplasmin was kept sufficiently low. 5. When the molar ratio of ascorbate to caeruloplasmin was greater than 200 substantial loss of ferroxidase antioxidant activity occurred. 6. It is unlikely, however, that oral supplementation with vitamin C can raise plasma levels sufficiently to inhibit caeruloplasmin activity in vivo.

Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic Content and Hematoprotective Effects of Cleome arabica Polyphenolic Leaf Extract

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tigrine ◽  
A. Kameli
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Hematological Toxicity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
Polyphenolic Extract ◽  
Cleome Arabica

In this study a polyphenolic extract from Cleome arabica leaves (CALE) was investigated for its antioxidant activity in vitro using DPPH•, metal chelating and reducing power methods and for its protective effects against AraC-induced hematological toxicity in vivo using Balb C mice. Results indicated that CALE exhibited a strong and dose-dependent scavenging activity against the DPPH• free radical (IC50 = 4.88 μg/ml) and a high reducing power activity (EC50 = 4.85 μg/ml). Furthermore, it showed a good chelating effects against ferrous ions (IC50 = 377.75 μg/ml). The analysis of blood showed that subcutaneous injection of AraC (50 mg/kg) to mice during three consecutive days caused a significant myelosupression (P < 0.05). The combination of CALE and AraC protected blood cells from a veritable toxicity. Where, the number of the red cells, the amount of hemoglobin and the percentage of the hematocrite were significantly high. On the other hand, AraC cause an elevation of body temperature (39 °C) in mice. However, the temperature of the group treated with CALE and AraC remained normal and did not exceed 37.5 °C. The observed biological effects of CALE, in vitro as well as in vivo, could be due to the high polyphenol and flavonoid contents. In addition, the antioxidant activity of CALE suggested to be responsible for its hematoprotective effect.

Role of transferrin and ceruloplasmin in antioxidant activity of lung epithelial lining fluid

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 2092-2099 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Pacht ◽  
W. B. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Epithelial Lining ◽  
Epithelial Lining Fluid ◽  
Lung Epithelial ◽  
Ferroxidase Activity

Lung epithelial lining fluid (ELF) is a thin layer of plasma ultrafiltrate and locally secreted substances that may provide antioxidant protection and serve as a "front-line" defense for the lower respiratory tract epithelium. To characterize the antioxidant properties of ELF, young, healthy, nonsmoking volunteers underwent bronchoalveolar lavage with determination of ELF volumes and ELF proteins. ELF (greater than 0.4 ml) is a potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation as measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) production in an in vitro iron-dependent assay system. Two serum proteins, transferrin and ceruloplasmin, were quantitated in ELF and found to be potent inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. Other ELF components, including vitamin E, vitamin C, and albumin, did not function as antioxidants in this system. Several experimental observations suggest that ELF transferrin was more important than ceruloplasmin in inhibiting lipid peroxidation: 1) ELF concentrations of transferrin were 20-fold higher than those for ceruloplasmin; 2) ELF antioxidant activity was abolished by preincubation with Fe3+; 3) ELF antioxidant activity was minimally affected by sodium azide, which is known to inhibit ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity; and 4) ELF ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity was virtually nondetectable. ELF possesses a significant antioxidant activity that may be important in vivo in protecting the lung from oxidant injury.

scholarly journals β-Cyclodextrin as a Functional Excipient Used for Enhancing the Diminazene Aceturate Bioavailability

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narcisa Marangoci ◽  
Daniel Timpu ◽  
Andreia Corciova ◽  
Cornelia Mircea ◽  
Anca-Roxana Petrovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Variation Method ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Diminazene Aceturate

In this study, we proposed formulations of diminazene aceturate (DA) designed to improve its bioavailability and to maximize the therapeutic index in animals by overcoming the rapid degradation under the acidic pH of the stomach. An important consequence is the fact that its amount in the bloodstream is close to the administered dose. This was made possible by incorporating DA into the β-cyclodextrin’s (βCD) cavity in a molar ratio of 1:1. The structure of the resulted inclusion complex was established by Raman, DSC, and Wide-Angle X ray Diffraction (WAXD) in solid state and by 1H-NMR and H-H ROESY in aqueous solutions. The stoichiometry of the DA:βCD inclusion complex was obtained by using the continuous variation method (Job’s plot), considering the chemical shifts variations of protons from both DA and βCD compounds in 1H-NMR spectra. The biological activity was estimated in vitro by antioxidant activity and in vivo by comparing the bioavailability of parent DA and its inclusion complexes after a single dose administration in Wistar rats by using the HPLC method on their blood plasma. In vitro tests showed an improved antioxidant activity. In vivo tests have shown that the DA concentration is always much higher in blood plasma of rats when DA:βCD inclusion complex of 1:1 molar ratio was administered (i.e., at 60 min, DA is around 11 and 3 times higher when DA:βCD inclusion complex of 1:1 molar ratio was administered than the parent DA one and DA:βCD lyophilized mixture of 1:2 molar ratio, respectively).

scholarly journals PREHARVEST ABIOTIC CONDITIONS ON THE ACCUMULATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITIES OF SWEET BELL PEPPER (Capsicum annum L) CULTIVARS IN THE LOW AND HIGH VELD REGIONS OF ZIMBABWE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Anyway Chofamba ◽  
William Makaza ◽  
Bridget Vimbai Masunda
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities

Abiotic factors coupled with varietal differences have a special bearing on the synthesis of bioactive compounds and enhancement of antioxidant capacities of sweet bell pepper. The aim of the present study was to characterize the content of bioactive compounds (lycopene, vitamin C, β-carotenes, total phenols, and the antioxidant activity of sweet bell pepper (Capsicum annum L) grown under different Agro climatic regions with different environmental conditions, the Eastern Highlands (High veld region) and the Save Valley (low veld region). The results from the study showed statistical differences (p ≤ 0.05) between the different growing locations with regard to the bioactive compounds which were identified and quantified. Capsicum annum var. Lafayette presented the highest concentration of vitamin C content, lycopene content and total phenols as well as the greatest antioxidant activity in the high veld region. In addition, the results indicated that low temperatures favour in vivo biosynthesis of bioactive compounds and enhances antioxidant capacities of sweet bell pepper.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ASSAY OF PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L BEANS ETHANOLIC EXTRACT IN VITRO AND IN VIVO

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Rita Anggraini ◽  
Tri Widyawati ◽  
Mutiara Indah Sari ◽  
Henny Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Siti Syarifah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Antioxidant Assay

Objectives: Antioxidant is a substance such as Vitamin C that able to remove potentially damaging oxidizing agents. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is an important marker of oxidative stress that have correlation with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) progression. Phaseolus vulgaris L (PV) (beans) is one of the alternative medicines to treat DM in Indonesia. We investigated the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract on PV (EEPV) beans using in vitro and in vivo model.Methods: Antioxidant assay in vitro was conducted using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Alloxan (120 mg/kg, intraperitoneally)- induced diabetic rats were divided into 5 groups (n=5), i.e., NC: Normal control, P1: Diabetic-control, P2, P3, and P4 (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 600 mg/kg of EEPV, orally) for 28 days. MDA serum level was evaluated using spectrophotometer. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test.Results: The antioxidant assay in vitro showed that EEPV has very weak (IC50=641.87 μg/ml, whereas Vitamin C as standard showed very strong activity (IC50=2.95 μg/ml). MDA level were 2.80±0.09 nmol/ml (NC), 3.30±0.42 nmol/ml (P1), 3.27±4.23 nmol/ml (P2), 2.93±0.05 nmol/ml (P3), and 3.17±0.25 nmol/ml (P4). There was no significant differences among normal control, diabetic-control, and EEPV-treated groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: EEPV showed a very weak antioxidant activity in vitro.

scholarly journals Characterization of biochemical compounds and antioxidant activity of “dedo-de-moça” chili pepper accessions

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-436
Author(s):  
Gisely Paula Gomes ◽  
Leonel Vinicius Constantino ◽  
Ligia Erpen-Dalla Corte ◽  
Cristiano Jorge Riger ◽  
Douglas S de A Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Antioxidant Assays ◽  
Horticultural Crops

ABSTRACT Capsicum baccatum is one of the main chili pepper species grown and consumed in South America. In Brazil, C. baccatum var. pendulum is widely cultivated, especially “dedo-de-moça” type. For most horticultural crops, including Capsicum species their diversity remains under-explored for traits related to fruit quality, since over the past half century breeding efforts have focused mainly on good agronomic performances. The investment in screening traits such as flavor, nutritional compounds and antioxidant content in traditional varieties is very important to support fruit quality breeding efforts. Thus, the objective of this study was accessing the variations into content of soluble solid, acidity, capsaicinoid, vitamin C, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity (in vitro and in vivo) of five “dedo-de-moça” peppers accessions. The results evidenced that UEL111 and UEL112 accessions showed highest TSS and ratio. Accessions UEL110 and UEL112 showed highest concentration of vitamin C and total phenolic content and UEL113 accession showed highest concentration of capsaicinoids. In vitro antioxidant assays suggest the UEL114 with highest antioxidant activity. In vivo antioxidant assays have not identified differences among the accessions and proved the antioxidant effect of chili pepper extracts on cell protection against stress agent. The results highlighted accessions that can be exploited in chili pepper breeding programs.

Herbosomes enhances in vivo antioxidant activity of Punica granatum extracts

Planta Medica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Vora ◽  
V Londhe ◽  
N Pandita
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Punica Granatum

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Scutellarein Alkyl Derivatives as Preventing Neurodegenerative Agents with Improved Lipid Soluble Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 771-780
Author(s):  
He-Min Li ◽  
Ting Gu ◽  
Wen-Yu Wu ◽  
Shao-Peng Yu ◽  
Tian-Yuan Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Alkyl Derivatives ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Microsomal Membranes

Background: Exogenous antioxidants are considered as a promising therapeutic approach to treat neurodegenerative diseases since they could prevent and/or minimize the neuronal damage by oxidation. Objective: Three series of lipophilic compounds structurally based on scutellarein (2), which is one metabolite of scutellarin (1) in vivo, have been designed and synthesized. Methods: Their antioxidant activity was evaluated by detecting the 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) produced in the ferrous salt/ascorbate-induced autoxidation of lipids, which were present in microsomal membranes of rat hepatocytes. The lipophilicity of these compounds indicated as partition coefficient between n-octanol and buffer was investigated by ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer. Results: This study indicated that compound 5e which had a benzyl group substituted at the C4'- OH position showed a potent antioxidant activity and good lipophilicity. Conclusion: 5e could be an effective candidate for preventing or reducing the oxidative status associated with the neurodegenerative processes.

A Review on Melatonin’s Effects in Cancer: Potential Mechanisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 985-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysegul Hanikoglu ◽  
Ertan Kucuksayan ◽  
Rana Cagla Akduman ◽  
Tomris Ozben
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Secretory Product ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
G Protein Coupled

This systematic review aims to elucidate the role of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-metoxy-tryptamine) (MLT) in the prevention and treatment of cancer. MLT is a pineal gland secretory product, an evolutionarily highly conserved molecule; it is also an antioxidant and an impressive protector of mitochondrial bioenergetic activity. MLT is characterized by an ample range of activities, modulating the physiology and molecular biology of the cell. Its physiological functions relate principally to the interaction of G Protein-Coupled MT1 and MT2 trans-membrane receptors (GPCRs), a family of guanidine triphosphate binding proteins. MLT has been demonstrated to suppress the growth of various tumours both, in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we analyze in depth, the antioxidant activity of melatonin, aiming to illustrate the cancer treatment potential of the molecule, by limiting or reversing the changes occurring during cancer development and growth.

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