Relationship between birthweight and arterial elasticity in childhood

2008 ◽  
Vol 115 (10) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia H.C. Rondó ◽  
Jesuana O. Lemos ◽  
Joilane A. Pereira ◽  
Julicristie M. Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Roberto Innocente
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Arterial Elasticity ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
The Relationship

There is a considerable debate about the potential influence of ‘fetal programming’ on cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. In the present prospective epidemiological cohort study, the relationship between birthweight and arterial elasticity in 472 children between 5 and 8 years of age was assessed. LAEI (large artery elasticity index), SAEI (small artery elasticity index) and BP (blood pressure) were assessed using the HDI/PulseWave™ CR-2000 CardioVascular Profiling System. Blood concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol and its fractions [LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol and HDL (high-density lipoprotein)-cholesterol] and triacylglycerols (triglycerides) were determined by automated enzymatic methods. Insulin was assessed by a chemiluminescent method, insulin resistance by HOMA (homoeostasis model assessment) and CRP (C-reactive protein) by immunonephelometry. Two linear regression models were applied to investigate the relationship between the outcomes, LAEI and SAEI, and the following variables: birthweight, gestational age, glucose, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols, insulin, CRP, HOMA, age, gender, waist circumference, per capita income, SBP (systolic BP) and DBP (diastolic BP). LAEI was positively associated with birthweight (P=0.036), waist circumference (P<0.001) and age (P<0.001), and negatively associated with CRP (P=0.024) and SBP (P<0.001). SAEI was positively associated with birthweight (P=0.04), waist circumference (P=0.001) and age (P<0.001), and negatively associated with DBP (P<0.001). Arterial elasticity was decreased in apparently healthy children who had lower birthweights, indicating an earlier atherogenetic susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases in adolescence and adult life. Possible explanations for the results include changes in angiogenesis during critical phases of intrauterine life caused by periods of fetal growth inhibition and local haemodynamic anomalies as a way of adaptation to abnormal pressure and flow.

scholarly journals The Effect of Helicobacter pylori Eradication on Lipid Levels: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 904
Author(s):  
Jun Watanabe ◽  
Masato Hamasaki ◽  
Kazuhiko Kotani
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Meta Analyses

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is positively associated with cardiovascular diseases, but the involvement of lipids in this association remains unclear. The present study reviewed the changes in circulating lipid levels following H. pylori eradication. Methods: A PubMed database was searched until December 2020 to identify randomized control trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs investigating the effect of H. pylori eradication on the lipid levels in inverse variance-weighted, random-effects meta-analyses. Results: A total of 24 studies (four RCTs and 20 non-RCTs) with 5270 participants were identified. The post-eradication levels were increased for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; mean difference (MD) 2.28 mg/dL, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.90 to 2.66) and triglyceride (TG; MD 3.22 mg/dL, 95% CI 1.13 to 5.31) compared with the pre-eradication levels. H. pylori eradication resulted in little to no difference in the low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (MD −2.33 mg/dL, 95% CI −4.92 to 0.26). In the analyses of RCTs only, the findings for elevated HDL-C levels, but not TG, were robust. Conclusions: H. pylori eradication increases the HDL-C levels. Further studies are needed to elucidate the effects of lipid changes following H. pylori eradication on cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Association between rs1421085 and rs9939609 Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene with High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Triglyceride in Obese Turkish Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihal Inandiklioğlu ◽  
Adem Yaşar
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Turkish Children

AbstractSeveral studies have shown that rs9939609 and rs1421085 in fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene rs17782313 and rs12970134 in melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene influence obesity. In the present study, we aimed to determine association between rs9939609, rs1421085, rs17782313, and rs12970134 polymorphism, and their relation with body mass index (BMI), glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and lipid values in obese children. We included 100 newly diagnosed obese children and 100 healthy children. The rs1421085 (CC/CT) (p = 0.019) and rs9939609 (AA/AT) (p = 0.002) polymorphism regions were higher in the obese group. Additionally, we found that both the rs1421085 (CC/CT) and rs9939609 (AA/AT) polymorphism associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.011 and p = 0.003) and triglycerides (p = 0.01 and p = 0.004) level, respectively. Further, the rs9939609 and rs1421085 variants of FTO gene associated with HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides levels in obese children; however, updated studies with a large sample size are required to establish strong links with genetic variants and risk factors in childhood obesity.

scholarly journals Plasma Lipid Profile of Moderate and Severe Hypertensive Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibikunle Akinlua ◽  
Akinwumi T. Ogundajo ◽  
Olufisayo G. Oyebanji ◽  
Babajide O. Arobasalu
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Mild Hypertensive

Hypertension is the most prevalent and treatable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Elevated levels of lipid in the blood also known as hyperlipideamia or dyslipidemia have been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis and most cardiovascular diseases including hypertension. This study was designed to evaluate the plasma level of lipid profile in mild and severe hypertensive patients with a view to provide information on the link between these parameters and the development and severity of hypertension. Blood samples were collected from 120 freshly diagnosed hypertensive patients consisting of 60 mild and 60 severe hypertensive patients at Wesley Guide Hospital of Obafemi Awolowo University teaching Hospital Ilesa Osun state and 60 relatively healthy subjects as control. Plasma level of lipid profile [namely High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC)] in the blood sample of both patients and control subjects were analyzed using standard methods. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis (p<0.05).The results of lipid profile in mild and severe hypertensive patients was compared to the control subjects. The results in mild hypertensive patients were also compared with the severe ones. There was a significant increase (P<0.05) in the plasma level of TC and LDLc in both mild and severe hypertensive patients when compared with the control subjects. Similarly a significant increase (p<0.05) was recorded in the plasma level of the both TC and LDLc in severe hypertensive patients when compared with mild hypertensive patients. However, the plasma level of HDLc in moderate and severe hypertensive patients was slightly lowered but not significant (p<0.05) while plasma TG level was not significantly different when compared with the control subjects. This study reveals a progressive increase in the plasma level of TC and LDLc from mild to severe hypertensive patients which could be a pointer to the fact that abnormalities in lipid metabolism might plays a significant role in the development and severity of hypertension.

Metabolic and genetic markers’ associations with elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase in adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Ramírez-López ◽  
Segundo Morán-Villota ◽  
Francisco Mendoza-Carrera ◽  
Eliseo Portilla-de Buen ◽  
Victoria Valles-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic liver disease in adolescents, is a feature of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are risk factors for NAFLD, as well as inflammation-related genetic markers. The relationship between metabolic or inflammation-related genetic markers and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is not fully understood. We examined the relationship of MetS, metabolic and inflammation-related genetic markers with elevated ALT in adolescents.Methods:A total of 674 adolescents participated in a cross-sectional study in Guadalajara, Mexico. Elevated ALT (>40 IU/L), a surrogate marker of NAFLD, and MetS (International Diabetes Federation definition) were evaluated. Obesity, IR, lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP) and genetic markers (TNFA-308G>A,CRP+1444C>T,IL1RNandIL6-597/-572/-174 haplotype) were evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression was performed.Results:Elevated ALT was observed in 3% and 14.1% (total and obese, respectively) of the adolescents. Obesity (odds ratio [OR], 5.86; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.16–25.89), insulin (OR, 8.51; 95% CI, 2.61–27.71), IR (OR, 9.10; 95% CI, 2.82–29.38), total cholesterol (TC) (OR, 3.67; 95% CI, 1.25–10.72), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (OR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.06–8.33), non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR, 3.88; 95% CI, 1.27–11.90) andIL1RN(OR, 4.64; 95% CI, 1.10–19.53) were associated with elevated ALT. Among males, ≥2 MetS criteria were associated with elevated ALT (OR, 4.22; 95% CI, 1.14–15.71).Conclusions:Obesity, insulin, IR, high TC, high LDL-C, high non-HDL-C andIL1RNpolymorphism were associated with elevated ALT. Among males, ≥2 MetS criteria were associated with elevated ALT. There is an urgent need to reduce obesity and IR in adolescents to prevent NAFLD.

scholarly journals Cholesterol Metabolism Is Enhanced in the Liver and Brain of Children With Citrin Deficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 2488-2497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Hirayama ◽  
Hironori Nagasaka ◽  
Akira Honda ◽  
Haruki Komatsu ◽  
Takahiro Kodama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Synthesis ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Citrin Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Group

Abstract Context Citrin-deficient infants present neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD), which resolves at 12 months. Thereafter, they have normal liver function associated with hypercholesterolemia, and a preference for lipid-rich carbohydrate-restricted diets. However, some develop adult-onset type II citrullinemia, which is associated with metabolic abnormalities. Objectives To identify the causes of hypercholesterolemia in citrin-deficient children post-NICCD. Design and Setting We determined the concentrations of sterol markers of cholesterol synthesis, absorption, and catabolism by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry and evaluated serum lipoprotein profiles. Subjects Twenty citrin-deficient children aged 5 to 13 years and 37 age-matched healthy children. Intervention None. Main Outcome Measures Relationship between serum lipoproteins and sterol markers of cholesterol metabolism. Results The citrin-deficient group had a significantly higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration than did the control group (78 ± 11 mg/dL vs 62 ± 14 mg/dL, P &lt; 0.001), whereas the two groups had similar low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. The concentrations of markers of cholesterol synthesis (lathosterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol) and bile acids synthesis (7α-hydroxycholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol) were 1.5- to 2.8-fold and 1.5- to 3.9-fold, respectively, higher in the citrin-deficient group than in the control group. The concentration of 24S-hydroxycholesterol, a marker of cholesterol catabolism in the brain, was 2.5-fold higher in the citrin-deficient group. In both groups, the HDL-C concentration was significantly positively correlated with that of 27-hydroxycholesterol, the first product of the alternative bile acid synthesis pathway. Conclusions HDL-C and sterol marker concentrations are elevated in citrin-deficient children post-NICCD. Moreover, cholesterol synthesis and elimination are markedly enhanced in the liver and brain of citrin-deficient children.

scholarly journals Relationship between Lipid Profiles and Glycemic Control Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Qingdao, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5317
Author(s):  
Shukang Wang ◽  
Xiaokang Ji ◽  
Zhentang Zhang ◽  
Fuzhong Xue
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was the best indicator of glycemic control, which did not show the dynamic relationship between glycemic control and lipid profiles. In order to guide the health management of Type 2 diabetes (T2D), we assessed the levels of lipid profiles and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and displayed the relationship between FPG control and lipid profiles. We conducted a cross-sectional study that included 5822 participants. Descriptive statistics were conducted according to gender and glycemic status respectively. Comparisons for the control of lipid profiles were conducted according to glycemic control. Four logistic regression models were generated to analyze the relationship between lipid profiles and glycemic control according to different confounding factors. The metabolic control percentage of FPG, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 27.50%, 73.10%, 28.10%, 64.20% and 44.80% respectively. In the fourth model with the most confounding factors, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of TG, TC, LDL-C and HDL-C were 0.989 (0.935, 1.046), 0.862 (0.823, 0.903), 0.987 (0.920, 1.060) and 2.173 (1.761, 2.683). TC and HDL-C were statistically significant, and TG and LDL-C were not statistically significant with adjustment for different confounding factors. In conclusion, FPG was significantly associated with HDL and TC and was not associated with LDL and TG. Our findings suggested that TC and HDL should be focused on in the process of T2D health management.

Mining possible associations of faecal A. muciniphila colonisation patterns with host adiposity and cardiometabolic markers in an adult population

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 741-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.K. Mitsou ◽  
M. Detopoulou ◽  
A. Kakali ◽  
E. Fragopoulou ◽  
T. Nomikos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Cardiometabolic Markers

We aimed to evaluate colonisation patterns of Akkermansia muciniphila in a Greek adult population and to investigate model-adjusted associations of A. muciniphila with host adiposity and cardiometabolic markers. Participants (n=125) underwent anthropometric, dietary, physical activity and lifestyle evaluation. Blood sampling for determination of blood lipid indices, glucose metabolism, adiponectin, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), inflammation and oxidative stress parameters was also performed. Stool A. muciniphila presence and levels were determined by quantitative PCR and subjects were grouped based on bimodal distribution of levels (Low vs High). A. muciniphila was detected in 88.6% of participants. Overweight/obese (OW/OB) subjects were more prone in low bimodal levels of A. muciniphila compared to normal-weight (NW) individuals (58.75 vs 27.59%, P=0.004), with a 4-time greater likelihood after multi-adjusted logistic regression analysis (P=0.016). Levels of A. muciniphila were negatively associated with total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio (log10:-0.009±0.004, P=0.033), whereas detection of this bacterium was negatively associated with both TC/HDL-C ratio (log10: -0.049±0.023, P=0.036) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/HDL-C ratio (-0.407±0.176, P=0.023). Furthermore, low bimodal levels of A. muciniphila were positively associated with fasting blood glucose (log10: 0.018±0.009, P=0.037). In terms of inflammation markers, levels of A. muciniphila were positively associated with soluble cluster of differentiation-14 (sCD14) (log10: 0.012±0.004, P=0.003) and faecal detection of this bacterium had a positive association with anti-inflammatory interleukin 10 levels (log10: 0.325±0.131, P=0.015). In addition, A. muciniphila levels were positively associated with total adiponectin (log10: 0.046±0.015, P=0.002), whereas low bimodal levels of A. muciniphila had an inverse relationship with this blood marker (log10: -0.131±0.053, P=0.016). In conclusion, we confirmed the previously reported association of A. muciniphila with metabolic health for the first time in a Greek urban population; furthermore, we shed some light to novel atherosclerotic risk markers with rather unexplored connections with A. muciniphila colonisation patterns in human subjects.

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