scholarly journals Determination of PCDDs in spider webs: preliminary studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 01033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Rybak ◽  
Radosław Rutkowski
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Future Research ◽  
External Exposure ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Spider Webs ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

The application of spider webs for determination of polichlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins (PCDDs) has been studied for the first time. The aim of the studies was to find out if spider webs are suitable for such examinations as it was proved in the previous research they are excellent indicators of air pollutants. Spiders are ubiquitous, thus collection of samples is easy and non-invasive. Studies were conducted within the city of Wrocław and surroundings, one of the biggest and at the same time heaviest polluted city in Poland. Five research sites have been chosen, where spider webs were collected after 60 days of continuous exposure time. Webs belonging to two genera Tegenaria sylvestris and Tegenaria ferruginea (family Agelenidae) have been chosen as they are large and very dense, thus they are very suitable for such examinations. Webs were found to retain dioxins probably mainly by external exposure. These promising results should be continued and expanded in the future research.

scholarly journals Exploring Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Stachybotrys spp. by LC-MS/MS

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Jagels ◽  
Viktoria Lindemann ◽  
Sebastian Ulrich ◽  
Christoph Gottschalk ◽  
Benedikt Cramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time ◽  
Analytical Standards ◽  
Respective Species

The genus Stachybotrys produces a broad diversity of secondary metabolites, including macrocyclic trichothecenes, atranones, and phenylspirodrimanes. Although the class of the phenylspirodrimanes is the major one and consists of a multitude of metabolites bearing various structural modifications, few investigations have been carried out. Thus, the presented study deals with the quantitative determination of several secondary metabolites produced by distinct Stachybotrys species for comparison of their metabolite profiles. For that purpose, 15 of the primarily produced secondary metabolites were isolated from fungal cultures and structurally characterized in order to be used as analytical standards for the development of an LC-MS/MS multimethod. The developed method was applied to the analysis of micro-scale extracts from 5 different Stachybotrys strains, which were cultured on different media. In that process, spontaneous dialdehyde/lactone isomerization was observed for some of the isolated secondary metabolites, and novel stachybotrychromenes were quantitatively investigated for the first time. The metabolite profiles of Stachybotrys species are considerably influenced by time of growth and substrate availability, as well as the individual biosynthetic potential of the respective species. Regarding the reported adverse effects associated with Stachybotrys growth in building environments, combinatory effects of the investigated secondary metabolites should be addressed and the role of the phenylspirodrimanes re-evaluated in future research.

scholarly journals Inversion of temporality in commemoration of cultural-historical reconstruction

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
Valentina Nikolaevna Yarskaya-Smirnova ◽  
Nikolay Sergeevich Bozhok ◽  
Dmitrii Viktorovich Zaitsev
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Social Time ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Empirical Material

The object of this research is the commemorative practices of cultural-historical reconstruction. The subject of this research is the inversion of temporality in festival practices of cultural-historical reconstruction. The goal lies in determination of specificity of temporal representations of historical reenactors through the prism of the concept of inversion of social time. For achieving the set goal, the author carries out a secondary analysis of interviews with the planners and participants of the historical reconstruction festival “Times and Epochs”. The materials of Russian media comprised the empirical basis for this work. Most informative source was portal “The City”, which published interviews with the representatives of historical reconstruction movement from various Russian cities, socio-demographic and professional groups. The novelty of is defined by introduction of the new theoretical and empirical material into the scientific discourse. The memorial culture and cultural-historical reconstruction are viewed as significant and effective factors of collective commemoration from the perspective of temporal approach for the first time. The conducted analysis allowed determining multivariation of the motives and intentions underlying the commemorative practices of cultural-historical reconstruction. The festival “Times and Epochs” is viewed as an example of commemorative practice, where the subject of commemorative activity is the collective past, actualized within metropolitan sociocultural space in terms of the project-network approach. The author reveals the problems of development of the festival as a memorial project, as well as prospects of its integration into the urban environment.

scholarly journals “Rostov Text” and Context of A.T. Averchenko’s Creativity between 1918-1919th

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-179
Author(s):  
Viktoria D. Milenko
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Local History ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Editorial Office ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Local Newspaper ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

The author of the article for the first time refers to a little-known period in the biography of the writer-humorist A.T. Averchenko, who visited the Don in 1918-1919th. Cooperating with the local newspaper “Priazov Region”, Averchenko created a multi-genre “Rostov text”, which now numbers 26 publications and served as the material for the study. The biographical context allows to recreate publications in the magazines “New Satyricon”, “Theatrical Courier”, “The Don Wave”, the writer’s archive, memoirs of his contemporaries, etc. The relevance of the topic of the article is due to both the need for a scientific study of the biography of the emigrant writer and the tasks of literary local history, in particular, the possible perpetuation of Averchenko´s name in Rostov-on-Don (for example, with the memorial plaque on the building of the former editorial office of “Priazov Region”). Having indicated the characteristic feature of Averchenko’s creative path – touring activities – the author of the article sets the dates of his concerts in Rostov-on-Don in 1912, 1914, 1918, names the addresses (Asmolovsky theater, cafe “Empire”, theater “Grotesque”, etc.) and contacts in the civil and military spheres of the city. For the first time Averchenko’s way from Petrograd to the south in 1918 is reconstructed in details, the reasons of his departure from the capital are in many ways illuminated in a new way, littleknown data about his wife, opera singer E.F. Petrenko are introduced into scientific circulation. The reviews of the Averchenko´s Rostov concerts of humor are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the civic self-determination of the writer, who for the first time found himself in the epicenter of the White Movement on the Don and supported it. Averchenko’s further social activities in Crimea are largely characterized as a logical continuation of the Rostov period, which together explains the reasons of his emigration.

scholarly journals Morphological Analysis of Human Milk Membrane Enclosed Structures Reveals Diverse Cells and Cell-like Milk Fat Globules

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Schultz-Pernice ◽  
Lisa K. Engelbrecht ◽  
Stefania Petricca ◽  
Christina H. Scheel ◽  
Alecia-Jane Twigger
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Mammary Epithelium ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fat Globules ◽  
Milk Fat Globules ◽  
Milk Fat Globule ◽  
First Time

AbstractOver the past decade, the cellular content of human milk has been a focus in lactation research due to the benefit a potential non-invasive stem cell compartment could provide either to the infant or for therapeutic applications. Despite an increase in the number of studies in this field, fundamental knowledge in regard to milk cell identification and characterisation is still lacking. In this project, we investigated the nature, morphology and content of membrane enclosed structures (MESs) and explored different methods to enrich human milk cells (HMCs) whilst reducing milk fat globule (MFG) content. Using both flow cytometry and immunofluorescence imaging, we confirmed previous reports and showed that nucleated HMCs make up a minority of milk-isolated MESs and are indistinguishable from MFGs without the use of a nuclear stain. HMC heterogeneity was demonstrated by differential uptake of nuclear stains Hoechst 33258 and DRAQ5™ using a novel technique of imaging milk MESs (by embedding them in agar), that enabled examination of both extracellular and intracellular markers. We found that MESs often contain multiple lipid droplets of various sizes and for the first time report that late post-partum human milk contains secretory luminal binucleated cells found across a number of participants. After investigation of different techniques, we found that viably freezing milk cells is an easy and effective method to substantially reduce MFG content of samples. Alternatively, milk MESs can be filtered using a MACS® filter and return a highly viable, though reduced population of milk cells. Using the techniques and findings we’ve developed in this study; future research may focus on further characterising HMCs and the functional secretory mammary epithelium during lactation.

Merovingian Gaul and the Mediterranean

2020 ◽  
pp. 859-882
Author(s):  
Michel Bonifay ◽  
Dominique Pieri
Keyword(s):  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The South ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Derivatives Of

This chapter assesses what ceramics can tell us about the interaction of Gaul with Mediterranean trade in the Merovingian period. Broken into three main chronological periods, the analysis suggests some of the possible developments that affected trade in African Red Slipware, amphorae, and associated artifacts. With precipitous drops in population and the abandonment circa 455 of the annona grain shipments, which also provided transport for ceramic goods, the fifth century saw a steady decline in the supply that reached Gaul from both the eastern and western Mediterranean. The decrease in imports led, in turn, to its replacement by local forms of tableware, including those most famously known as Dérivées-des-Sigillées Paléochrétiennes, (derivatives of early Christian sigillata). By the early sixth century, however, Gaul saw a revival of trade, and with the annexation of Provence in 536, the Merovingian kingdoms gained, for the first time, a Mediterranean port in the city of Marseille. The port made some of the goods of Mediterranean trade accessible not just to the south but also the northern parts of Gaul, where occasional amphorae are found. Gaul’s engagement with Mediterranean trade occurred until at least the 730s, but future research may push that date even later into the Merovingian period.

scholarly journals Determination of the Types of Air Pollutants Prepondering in the City of Lome in Togo (West Africa)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 729-748
Author(s):  
Lawson Tevi Atator ◽  
Hodabalo Kamou ◽  
Anissou Bawa ◽  
Kodjovi Mawuégnigan Léonard Agbodan ◽  
Akpisso Aniko Polo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Determination of Exosome Mitochondrial DNA as a Biomarker of Renal Cancer Aggressiveness

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Elena Arance ◽  
Viviana Ramírez ◽  
Alejandro Rubio-Roldan ◽  
Francisco M. Ocaña-Peinado ◽  
Catalina Romero-Cachinero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Mtdna Copy Number ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cancer Aggressiveness ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
First Time

Here, the role of non-invasive biomarkers in liquid biopsy was evaluated, mainly in exosomes and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as promising, novel, and stable biomarkers for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). A total of 140 fractions (named from B to F) obtained by ultracentrifugations of whole blood samples from 28 individuals (13 patients and 15 controls) were included. Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) was conducted to characterized exosomal fraction. Subsequently, an analysis of digital PCR (dPCR) using the QuantStudio™ 3D Digital PCR platform was performed and the quantification of mtDNA copy number by QuantStudioTM 12K Flex Real-Time PCR System (qPCR) was developed. Moreover, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) analyses were included using MiSeq system (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). An F fraction, which contains all exosome data and all mitochondrial markers, was identified in dPCR and qPCR with statistically significant power (adjusted p values ≤ 0.03) when comparing cases and controls. Moreover, present analysis in mtDNA showed a relevant significance in RCC aggressiveness. To sum up, this is the first time a relation between exosomal mtDNA markers and clinical management of RCC is analyzed. We suggest a promising strategy for future liquid biopsy RCC analysis, although more analysis should be performed prior to application in routine clinical practice.

scholarly journals Sustainable Viticulture: First Determination of the Environmental Footprint of Grapes

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 8812
Author(s):  
Vassilis Litskas ◽  
Athanasia Mandoulaki ◽  
Ioannis N. Vogiatzakis ◽  
Nikolaos Tzortzakis ◽  
Menelaos Stavrinides
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Impact Category ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Environmental Footprint ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Mediterranean Island ◽  
First Time

We present for the first time the environmental footprint (EF) of grapes following the methodology proposed by the EU and life cycle assessment (LCA). We used data from three different production systems, conventional high- or low-input and organic from vineyards on the Mediterranean island of Cyprus. The life cycle inventory (LCI) data were retrieved from the recently released AGRIBALYSE database, and the EF was determined with the Open LCA software. The system boundary was from “cradle to winery door” and the functional unit was 1 ton of grapes delivered to the winery. Organic grape production had the lowest values for most of the 16 EF impact categories. Machinery, fuel, and sulfur production and use were identified as EF hotspots for organic grapes. Fertilizer production and use were identified as EF hotspots for high-input grape production. The EF impact category values for low-input grapes showed similarities with organic production. Future research needs to enrich the LCI databases with data more applicable to the methods and inputs applied in Mediterranean agriculture.

scholarly journals Air pollution climatology of Cochin for pollution management and abatement planning

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-390
Author(s):  
K. G. ANIL KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Atmospheric Condition ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Mixing Height ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Very High ◽  
Concentration Of Air Pollutants

The prevailing atmospheric condition is very important in determining the dispersion and dilution and thereby the resulting concentration of air pollutants, While high wind speed and stability conditions in general favour good inhaling of air pollutants conditions like inversion and calm winds cause for the build up of pollutants. In order to understand the different favourable and unfavourable conditions, some of the atmospheric aspects of air pollution are studied for the industrial city Cochin, situated on the west coast of India.   Being a coastal city the frequency of occurrence of inversions and isothermal is not very high. Low values of mixing heights are observed in the southwest parts of the city during early morning hours, The study of spatial variation of mixing heights has revealed for the first time, that a single value of mixing height at the normal point of observation cannot be taken as a representative value for the whole city.

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