scholarly journals Increasing the efficiency of use of wheeled harrow units in regions of risk farming

2021 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
A. E. Slepenkov ◽  
E. S. Polikutina ◽  
S. V. Shchitov ◽  
E. E. Kuznetsov ◽  
Z. F. Krivutsa
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Depth Of Processing ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Main Technological Parameter ◽  
Important Field ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost

Crop yields largely depend on the quality of the soil prepared for sowing. At the same time, one of the most important field operations is harrowing, with the main technological parameter of harrowing is the depth of processing of the fertile soil layer. Failure to do not have the necessary depth of processing leads to a decrease in yields, and the excess - to additional energy costs, and therefore to increase the cost of a unit of the resulting products. As you know, the main parameter influencing the depth of processing is the weight that falls on the working organ of the harrow. This article proposes a device that has obtained a patent for the intellectual property of the Russian Federation, allowing to regulate the weight of the working organ of the harrow, due to its optimal redistribution within the machine-tractor unit (MTU), and the theoretical and experimental results of the experimental harrowing unit are provided. The results suggest that the proposed solution is highly effective, which provides as an opportunity for quality pre-planting treatment, and contributes to the compliance with the necessary agro-technological requirements for the harrowing process.

scholarly journals Ways to Reduce Energy Costs in Poultry Farms

2018 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Aleksey Sklyar ◽  
Margarita Postnova
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Local Heating ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Poultry Farming

Currently, the modern poultry farms are located in regions with different climatic conditions. Thus, the component of the electric power being the base for combined heating and ventilating systems, lighting, and local heating of poultry farms, is great in power engineering on the territory of the Russian Federation. The analysis of energy costs of poultry farms showed that of the estimated options for reducing the cost of electricity for poultry farms, one of the most effective can be an alternative source such as the generation of own electricity. Naturally, for biological production with a continuous technological cycle (poultry farming, for example), seems to be replace about 45-55 % of the needs of the factory and serve as a reserve for the rest, but not cover all 100 % of needs.

scholarly journals ON THE ISSUE OF APPLICATION OF MICROELEMENT ADDITIVES IN THECOMPOSITION OF AGROCHEMICAL RECLAMATION TECHNIQUES ON DEGRADED CHERNOZEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4(73)) ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
A.V. Ilinskij
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Element Composition ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Specific Element ◽  
The World ◽  
Complex Methods

Features of soil formation and the specific element composition of the parent rock of podzolized and leached chernozems of the Ryazan region predetermined the specifics of the content of trace elements in the arable soil layer. For example, the content of such important microelements for agricultural crops as molybdenum and manganese is lower than the criteria for the global assessment of the "soil of the world". These microelements are involved in metabolism and enzymatic reactions, their lack leads to both a decreasein crop yields and a deterioration in the quality of crop products. It is possible to correct this situation by using trace element additives in the development of complex methods of agrochemical reclamation of degraded chernozems

scholarly journals Agricultural development using digital technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00042
Author(s):  
D. A. Mustashkina ◽  
N. V. Karpova ◽  
A. S. Makarov ◽  
M. M. Khannanov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Geoinformation Technologies ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Crop And Livestock Production

The article discusses the need for digitalization of agricultural production, which will significantly increase labor productivity, as well as competitiveness in agricultural production in Russia. The efficiency of agricultural production management using information systems based on geoinformation technologies allows reducing or completely eliminating downtime in the event of a shortage of personnel or equipment, reducing the cost of agrotechnical operations per unit of cultivated area and improving yield indicators. The digitalization of agricultural production in the Russian Federation should ensure an increase in crop and livestock production by 2025 up to 1.5 times, improve the quality of products, reduce the labor intensity of agricultural production by 1.5 times, reduce costs and prices - reduce energy and materials consumption, import dependence of agricultural machinery, their hardware and software, the advancement of automation, robotization, intelligent machine technology.

scholarly journals Cultivation of the Targeted Forest Plantations

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1385-1393
Keyword(s):  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Energy Effect ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
The Cost

Targeted reforestation refers to ecosystems with natural and artificial energy reserves. Additional energy reserves are spent on grow-ing and harvesting, various types of forest care, forest use, and delivery of products to consumers, including energy costs for all types of preparation. The wood to be harvested must be assessed on the energy consumption required for its production. The purpose of this work was to develop a comprehensive methodology to assess the energy effect, model the process of plantation operation considering the soil type, tree species, and technical parameters of operating machines. According to the estimation results of the trunk wood energy value, it has been established that depending on the growth rate and maturity level, the target plantations are divided into two types, which should be taken into account during planting and subsequent rotation. It is shown that with regard to the technological features of machine sys-tems and the type of plantation, it is necessary to consider dimensional characteristics of the planting scheme and the technological cycle of exploiting the forest plantation. The results of mathematical modeling following the technological parameters of operating machines and all types of costs showed that the cost of the selected target species for reforestation can provide sufficient profit when optimizing the machine system operations. The principle of modular division of machines system on power, technological, and transport modules is offered, which vary in purpose, criteria of parameters optimization, and indicators of work. The obtained mathematical model and meth-odology of target planting optimization can be applied in forestry and agricultural complexes, as well as become the basis for further research in this direction.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC AND BIOENERGY EFFICIENCY OF CHICKPEA BACTERIZATION BY MESORHIZOBIUM CICERІ ND-64

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
О. V. Lohosha ◽  
Yu. М. Khalep ◽  
Yu. О. Vorobei
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Rhizobial Symbiosis ◽  
Sown Area ◽  
Additional Income

Objective. Study the effect of chickpea seed inoculation with a suspension of Mesorhizobiumciceri ND-64 on crop yields, calculate the economic and bioenergy efficiency of seed bacterization.Methods. Microbiological, field experiment, economic, statistical. Results. It was shown that presowing inoculation of chickpea seeds with M. ciceri ND-64 during cultivation of this culture inPolissia of Ukraine conditions contributed to the increased efficiency of legume-rhizobial symbiosis. During three years of research there was an increase in structural parameters: the numberof beans per plant — by 15–42 %, seeds from the plant — by 12–32 %, weight of seeds from theplant — by 12–37 %, weight of 1000 seeds — by 6–9 % relative to positive (with inoculation usingreference strain of M. ciceri H-12) and absolute (without inoculation) controls, respectively. Theyield of Pamiat variety chickpeas increased by 12.8–26.5 %. The amount of profit when bacterialsuspension of M. ciceri ND-64 was applied for seed bacterization per 1 ha of sown area was UAH10,795 and the level of profitability was 106.1 %. The payback of each hryvnia of additional costswith additional income was UAH 19.43 after inoculation with M. ciceri H-12 and UAH 30.88 after M. ciceri ND-64. With anthropogenic energy consumption of 10,479 MJ in the variant with bacterization using M. ciceri ND-64 per 1 ha of sown area, the energy content of the obtained grain was26,181 MJ, respectively, the energy efficiency coefficient was 2.50. The additional energy costs associated with the use of M. ciceri ND-64 were 16.56 times paid back by the energy of the additionalcrop. Conclusion. The use of M. ciceri ND-64 for pre-sowing inoculation of chickpea seeds ofPamiat variety provided an increase in the number of seeds from the plant by 42 %, weight of seedsfrom the plant by 32 %, weight of 1000 seeds by 9 % and increase crop yields by 26.5 % relative tocontrol when the crop was cultivated in Polissia area during three years of research. All parameters of economic and energy efficiency of pre-sowing bacterization with M. ciceri ND-64 are moreeffective in comparison with inoculation using M. ciceri H-12.

scholarly journals Simulation and Analysis of Various Ventilation Systems Given in an Example in the Same School of Indoor Air Quality

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Gładyszewska-Fiedoruk ◽  
Vasyl Zhelykh ◽  
Andrii Pushchinskyi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Exhaust Ventilation ◽  
Building Ventilation ◽  
The Cost

The quality of internal air is one of the factors that affect the pace and quality of knowledge acquisition. Therefore, it is important that classrooms have high quality of air. Using computer simulation, the effect of various building ventilation variants on air quality in classrooms was analyzed. Two criteria were analyzed and six variants of ventilation. The analysis was carried out using the CONTAMW program, used for multi-zone analysis of ventilation and air quality in a building. As an indicator of air quality, the concentration of carbon dioxide in school halls was adopted. The analyses show that natural ventilation is not able to provide proper air exchange. Regular airing of classrooms during breaks can reduce the carbon dioxide concentration to 2500 ppm, however, there is a significant reduction in indoor temperature (even below 10 °C). The best control over the internal environment can be obtained by using a supply–exhaust ventilation system with heat recovery. Obtaining a higher stabilization of ventilation is achieved by supplying additional energy to drive fans, however, this is only a small amount of energy compared to the cost of heat for heating the building (maximum 2%).

Characteristics of the audit services market in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
YULIA ARTEMOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Audit Services Market

The article examines the state of the audit services market in Russia over the past three years. The author highlights the most important and relevant problems, such as dumping, the unattractive nature of the profession itself, the insufficient level of quality of service provision, and a decrease in income. The work reflects the factors that have the greatest impact on the activities of audit organizations, examines the possibilities for solving existing problems, and proposes measures to improve regulation in this area. In Russia, the market for audit services tends to enlarge its participants. Small companies face a choice when they must either join big enterprises or leave the market. The number of audit organizations and certified auditors is constantly declining. Since organizations limit their audit costs, audit companies reduce the cost of services they provide to retain their clients or acquire new ones. Currently, such price dumping is becoming large-scale. Another problem is the decline in the prestige of the profession. The lack of prospects in this area directly affects the decrease in the number of qualified specialists in the audit services market. Low demand for services has the greatest impact on audit organizations and individual auditors.

scholarly journals Features of Heating Poultry Houses with Gas Stoves

2018 ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Aleksey Sklyar ◽  
Iliya Korobko ◽  
Margarita Postnova
Keyword(s):  
Local Heating ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Gas Stoves ◽  
Poultry Farming

Currently, modern poultry farms are located in regions with different climatic conditions. On this basis, the component of the electric power is great in power engineering, the combined heating and ventilating systems, lighting and local heating of poultry farms in the territory of the Russian Federation are based on these constructions. Analysis of energy costs of poultry farms showed that, of the estimated options to reduce the cost of electricity for poultry farms, one of the most effective can be an alternative source such as the generation of its own electricity. Naturally, for biological production with a continuous technological cycle, such as poultry farming, we are not talking about 100 % replacement of power grids - they remain to cover 45-55 % of the needs of the factory and serve as a reserve for the rest.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MACROSTRUCTURE ON THE DENSITY OF OAK WOOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Tarasov ◽  
Tatyana Kuryanova ◽  
Aleksey Platonov ◽  
Svetlana Snegireva ◽  
Aleksandra Kiseleva
Keyword(s):  
Wood Quality ◽  
Oak Wood ◽  
Express Analysis ◽  
Natural Wood ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Primary Individual ◽  
Extraction Stage ◽  
The Cost

An individual process of staining of each trunk occurs as a result of the long-term presence of wood in the river soil without oxygen access. It consists in changing the structure and chemical composition of the wood. There are industrial reserves of this wood on the territory of the Russian Federation, in the floodplains of a number of rivers. One of the most important tasks at the extraction stage is the primary individual quality assessment of the trunk. One of the most effective diagnostic indicators for assessing wood quality can be the number of annual layers in one centimeter. This indicator correlates well with wood density. The purpose of the research is to establish the influence of the macrostructure of natural wood and stained oak wood, changes in the microstructure on its density. It was found that the density of stained oak wood, depending on the number of annual layers in 1 cm, is about 10% higher than that of natural wood, all other things being equal. The magnitude and nature of the decrease in density along the radius of the trunk is the same as in natural wood. It is about 20%. The performed studies will allow making an express analysis of the quality of each stained wood trunk at the stage of making a decision on the behavior of its extraction. This will significantly reduce the cost of logging and primary processing of stained oak wood

METHOD OF GRINDING OF GRAIN RAW MATERIALS FOR FEED PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Ю. ШАЗЗО ◽  
Е.В. СОЛОВЬЁВА ◽  
В.А. МАКИЯН ◽  
Е.А. СТЕПАНОВА
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
Module Size ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Different Cultures

Исследовано влияние подготовки зернового сырья на качество получаемого комбикорма. Объектом исследования было зерно пшеницы фуражной, кукурузы, сои, ячменя. Для получения комбикорма зерно измельчали на плющильном станке Neuero (Германия), на котором в зависимости от технологических свойств перерабатываемого зерна можно измельчать его или получать плющеные продукты. Установлено, что при измельчении зерна пшеницы фуражной, кукурузы, сои, ячменя влажностью до 12 полученные частицы зерна разных культур значительно различаются по величине и образуется до 25 мелкодисперсной фракции, что ухудшает в дальнейшем процесс смешивания, а также увеличивает потери продукта. При плющении зерна пшеницы фуражной, кукурузы, сои, ячменя после его увлажнения до 13,513,9 и отволаживания в течение двух часов количество мелкодисперсной фракции в полученном продукте уменьшается в 34 раза, частицы плющеного зерна разных культур незначительно отличаются по величине, а показатель модуля крупности увеличивается в 1,33 раза в зависимости от культуры, поэтому полученные плющеные продукты из зерна разных культур легко смешиваются. Производство комбикорма с использованием плющильного станка Neuero по предложенной схеме подготовки зернового сырья на животноводческих предприятиях и в личных подсобных хозяйствах экономически выгодно, поскольку сократит транспортные и энергетические расходы, что, в свою очередь, существенно снизит себестоимость животноводческой продукции. Influence of preparation of grain raw materials on quality of the obtained compound feed is investigated. Grain of fodder wheat, corn, soybeans, barley was the object of research. To obtain feed grain was processed on the flattening machine Neuro (Germany), which, depending on the technological properties of the processed grain can grind it or obtain flattened products. It was found that when grinding grain of feed wheat, corn, soybeans, barley with humidity up to 12, the obtained grain particles of different cultures differ significantly in size and up to 25 of the fine product is formed, which further worsens the mixing process, and also increases product losses. With the flattening of wheat forage, corn, soybeans, barley after the moisture up to 13,513,9 and binning within two hours the amount of fine fraction in the resulting product is reduced in 34 times, particles flattened grain different cultures differ slightly in size, and an indicator module size increases are 1,33 times, depending on the culture, so the resulting flattened products of grain of different cultures are mixed easily. The production of compound feed using flattening machine Neuro on the proposed scheme of preparation of grain raw materials for livestock enterprises and household farms cost-effective, as it will reduce transport and energy costs, which in turn will significantly reduce the cost of livestock production.

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