Evaluation of antigenic load in pregnant sows and identification of isoimmunization markers in offspring to increase productive and reproductive indicators for obtaining biologically safe organic products

Immunological aspects of the relationship in the functional system “mother-fetus” are consciously important both in the scientific and practical direction of the life of living organisms. The formation of the main parameters of isoimmunization is an equivalent aspect in relation to the basics of the formation of artificial tolerance mechanisms. Changes in immunological reactivity to viral and bacterial antigens may cause increased susceptibility to infectious diseases. Different levels of this condition in newborn and adult animal organisms should be based on the fact that the fetus and newborn after birth first comes into contact with the antigen, while the adult body already has partial sensitization. Chronic carrier of pathogens in animals and their influence on the spread of the infectious process is an urgent problem of modern veterinary medicine. The possibility of vaccination in newborns is limited by the presence of maternal antibodies that have an immunosuppressive effect.The immunological relationship between the fetal mother’s body in a non-inbred population should be considered in two aspects: the effects caused by maternal antigens in the fetus; the effect of fetal antigens on the mother’s body. Level of functional reserves of the pregnant body is important in the prevention of intrauterine infection.

Download Full-text

Specific immunological areactivity formation during gestation period in pregnant sows

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202021006002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 210 ◽

pp. 06002

Author(s):

Alexander Agarkov ◽

Anatoly Dmitriev ◽

Andrey Kvochko ◽

Elena Grudeva ◽

Nikolay Agarkov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intrauterine Infection ◽

The Body ◽

Functional Reserves ◽

Increased Sensitivity ◽

The One ◽

High Level ◽

Chronic Carrier ◽

Fetal Antigens ◽

Different Levels ◽

Increased Susceptibility

Changes in immunological reactivity to viral and bacterial antigens may cause increased susceptibility to infectious diseases. Different levels of this condition in newborn and adult animal organisms should be based on the fact that the fetus and newborn after birth first comes into contact with the antigen, while the adult body already has partial sensitization. Chronic carrier of pathogens in animals and their influence on the spread of the infectious process is an urgent problem of modern veterinary medicine. The possibility of vaccination in newborns is limited by the presence of maternal antibodies that have an immunosuppressive effect. A high level of functional reserves of the pregnant body is important in the prevention of intrauterine infection. On the one hand, infection in the prenatal period of development affects the processes of growth and development of the fetus, on the other hand, during this period, the mother's body is isoimmunized by fetal antigens, accompanied by increased sensitivity of the body with the predominant manifestation of cellular phenomena in the absence of enhanced antibody synthesis.

Download Full-text

Effect of Flotation Time and Collector Dosage on Estonian Phosphorite Beneficiation

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11020114 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 114

Author(s):

Kadriann Tamm ◽

Zeinab Arab Zadeh ◽

Rein Kuusik ◽

Juha Kallas ◽

Jason Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phosphate Rock ◽

Froth Flotation ◽

Fine Fraction ◽

The European Union ◽

High Recovery ◽

Know How ◽

Cellular Processes ◽

Reliable Source ◽

Living Organisms ◽

The Relationship

Phosphorus is an essential and non-substitutable element for the cellular processes of all living organisms. The main source of phosphorus in the biosphere is phosphate rock. With more than 700 Mt phosphate rock, Estonia holds the largest sedimentary phosphate rock deposits in the European Union. Estonian phosphate rock is particularly outstanding due to its remarkably low content of hazardous heavy metals such as Cadmium (<5 ppm) and trace elements of Uranium (<50 ppm). It is also a reliable source of valuable elements such as rear earth elements (REEs). The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of the main minerals (apatite and quartz) between slimes, tailings, and concentrates that formed at the froth flotation of Estonian phosphate rock with the up-to-date level of know-how and techniques. Subsequently, the relationship between the obtained grades and recovery levels in concentrates was determined based on the collector dosage and flotation duration. It was observed that the fine fraction of the tailings contains 17.9–33.49 wt% P2O5 that can be added to the final product. Moreover, it was found that, with the lower dosage of the collector, the extended flotation time does not influence the phosphate grade and a high amount of quartz remains in the concentrates. It was also shown that, by raising the collector dosage and setting the flotation time, an adequate grade (>32 wt% P2O5) and recovery (up to 98%) can be gained. The results showed that Estonian phosphate rock can be beneficiated to produce a high-quality concentrate at high recovery levels by modifying the main flotation parameters depending on the properties of the ore.

Download Full-text

The influence of low temperatures on the incidence of sugary disease on sorghum

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/s0103-84782006000200007 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 397-403

Author(s):

Amauri Bogo ◽

Ricardo Trezi Casa ◽

Luis Sangoi ◽

Paulo Tarcísio Domatos Borba

Keyword(s):

Low Temperatures ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Male Sterile ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Claviceps Africana ◽

Sorghum Genotypes ◽

Fertile Hybrids ◽

The Relationship ◽

Increased Susceptibility

The relationship between pre-flowering climatic conditions and sugary disease incidence was quantified in grain and forage sorghum genotypes at two sowing periods (mid November and mid December). The trials were carried out over the 2001/02 and 2002/03 growing seasons, in Lages, Santa Catarina State. Four commercial male-fertile sorghum hybrids (BR 600-forrage, BR 700-grain, BR 701-forage/silage and BR 800-forage) and one male-sterile inbred line (BR 001-A) were evaluated. When each genotype reached the flowering stage, 50 panicles were marked and sprayed with a suspension of Claviceps africana (1,000 spores mL-1). Air temperature, humidity and rainfall were recorded through out the growing cycle. Low temperatures three to four weeks prior to flowering, increased susceptibility. At both sowing periods, average night temperatures lower than 15°C during the critical period of pre-flowering turned the fertile hybrids as susceptible as the male-sterile inbred to ergot infection. The tested hybrids differed in their ability to tolerate pre-flowering cold stress. Seed set in uninoculated heads under pollination bags was also reduced, suggesting that increased susceptibility to sugary disease was the result of low temperature induced sterility.

Download Full-text

The Relationship Among Intra-Amniotic Inflammatory Response, The Progression of Inflammation in Chorionic Plate and Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.582472 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Kyung Chul Moon ◽

Jeong-Won Oh ◽

Chan-Wook Park ◽

Joong Shin Park ◽

Jong Kwan Jun

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Response ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Early Onset ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Intrauterine Infection ◽

Preterm Neonates ◽

Chorionic Plate ◽

Study Population ◽

Stage 1 ◽

The Relationship

Background: The chorionic plate (CP) has been denigrated by the well-known route of the extraplacental membranes from the decidua parietalis through the chorion to the amnion in the progression of ascending intrauterine infection among preterm births (PTBs). However, considering previous studies reporting the relationship among intra-amniotic inflammatory response (IAIR), the progression of inflammation in extraplacental membranes and early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS), and the anatomic connection between extraplacental membranes and CP, there is a good chance that IAIR would be more likely and severe according to the progression of inflammation in CP, and this progression of inflammation in CP would be associated with a significant increase in EONS in neonates delivered due to either PTL or preterm-PROM. Unfortunately, there is no information about the relationship among IAIR, the progression of inflammation in CP, and EONS among spontaneous PTBs. The objective of the current study is to examine this issue.Method: The study population included 309 singleton pregnant women-delivered preterm neonates with the following conditions: (1) gestational age (GA) at delivery: 20.0~36.9 weeks; (2) spontaneous PTBs: PTL (151 cases) or preterm-PROM (158 cases); (3) available results of placental histologic examination; (4) without congenital anomaly; and (5) delivery within 60 h of amniocentesis. We examined IAIR, and the frequency of intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) and EONS according to the progression of inflammation in CP [i.e., stage-0, inflammation-free CP; stage-1, inflammation restricted to subchorionic fibrin (SCF); stage-2, inflammation in connective tissue (CT) of CP but without chorionic vasculitis; and stage-3, chorionic vasculitis]. IAIR was determined by amniotic fluid (AF) matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) concentration (ng/ml), and IAI was defined as an elevated AF MMP-8 concentration (≥23 ng/ml). EONS included either suspected or proven EONS.Results: (1) Each stage (stage-0 to stage-3) was present in 69.3% (214/309), 15.9% (49/309), 11.0% (34/309), and 3.9% (12/309) of the study population. (2) AF MMP-8 concentrations continuously elevated according to the progression of inflammation in CP [stage-0 vs. stage-1 vs. stage-2 vs. stage-3; median (ng/ml), range (ng/ml); 6.0 (0.3–4202.7) vs. 153.9 (0.3–6142.6) vs. 464.9 (5.8–3929.0) vs. 1,780.4 (35.1–5019.5); Kruskal–Wallis test, P < 0.001 and Spearman's rank-correlation test, P < 0.000001, r = 0.553]. (3) Moreover, the frequency of IAI and EONS gradually increased with the progression of inflammation in CP [stage-0 vs. stage-1 vs. stage-2 vs. stage-3; IAI, 30.5% (64/210) vs. 70.2% (33/47) vs. 96.7% (29/30) vs. 100% (12/12); EONS, 3.5% (7/200) vs. 25.5% (12/47) vs. 32.3% (10/31) vs. 40.0% (4/10); each for Pearson's chi-square test, P < 0.000001 and linear-by-linear association, P < 0.000001]. (4) Of note, multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that a more advanced stage in the progression of inflammation within CP was associated with a higher odds ratio (OR) for EONS [stage-1 vs. stage-2 vs. stage-3; OR, 7.215, 95% confidence-interval (CI) (2.177–23.908) vs. OR, 10.705, 95% CI (2.613–43.849) vs. OR, 27.189, 95% CI (2.557–289.124)] compared with stage-0 even after the adjustment for potential confounding variables.Conclusion: IAIR is more likely and severe according to the progression of inflammation in CP, and this progression of inflammation in CP is an independent risk factor for EONS in spontaneous PTBs. This finding suggests that CP may be another playground for the progression of ascending intrauterine infection in addition to extraplacental membranes, and the progression of inflammation in CP may be used for the prediction of EONS in spontaneous PTBs.

Download Full-text

ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS A.Ya. ANIMAL VARIATION PULSE DROP

10.26897/978-5-9675-1853-9-2021-14 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

M. М. Naumov ◽

Keyword(s):

Animal Husbandry ◽

The Body ◽

Fast Wave ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Functional Reserves ◽

Comprehensive Knowledge ◽

Modern Economic ◽

Livestock Products ◽

The Relationship ◽

Jersey Cows

The article reveals the possibilities of cardiointervalometry using the modern complex electrophysiological laboratory "CONAN - 4.5". In modern economic conditions, the intensification of animal husbandry requires deep and comprehensive knowledge of many sciences, especially biology and physiology. The body of an animal consistently undergoes interrelated morphological, biochemical and functional changes that provide functional reserves such as energy, metabolic and informational resources. The adaptation mechanisms and the duration of the economic use of cattle in modern conditions of industrial production of livestock products depend on the nature and severity of these reserves. The estimation of the slow and fast-wave components of the variability of the cardiointervals is carried out - the numerical values of A.Ya. Kaplan indicators of heart rate variability (respiratory modulation index (IDM), sympathoadrenal tone index (ISAT), slow wave arrhythmia index (IMA)) of Jersey cows, which reflect the activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system. The work used the mathematical processing of HRV using the method of R.M. Baevsky. In this work, the analysis of the obtained numerical values of the indicators of A.Ya. Kaplan and considered the relationship between the initial vegetative tone of Jersey cows and the obtained values.

Download Full-text

ANTI M. leprae IgM ANTIBODY DETERMINATION BY ULTRAMICROIMMUNOENZYMATIC (UMELISA HANSEN) FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND MONITORING LEPROSY

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46651998000300008 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 177-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adriana TORRELLA ◽

Rosa L. SOLIS ◽

Esther PEREZ ◽

Yadira MEDINA ◽

Carlos KERGUELEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibody Response ◽

Clinical Improvement ◽

Diagnostic Techniques ◽

Igm Antibody ◽

Smear Examination ◽

Early Signal ◽

Significant Clinical Improvement ◽

Antibody Levels ◽

The Relationship ◽

Antigenic Load

The relationship between the IgM antibody response, antigenic load as well as the clinical improvement after chemotherapy was studied in order to obtain useful data for the early diagnosis and monitoring leprosy. A level of 82% (94/115) agreement was obtained between IgM UMELISA HANSEN and slitskin smear examination. Discrepant results were observed in 16 patients who showed positive IgM response despite negative by the skin smear examination. In these patients, the IgM response was seen to be associated to the early signal for bacilli recurrence in the skin. In one of these patients the presence of bacilli was demonstrated in the skin, two months after IgM antibodies being detected by UMELISA HANSEN. Also in one of the treated patients positive by both diagnostic techniques, a remarkable decrease in the IgM antibody levels was seen, correlating with a significant clinical improvement. Moreover it was found a direct relationship between the IgM antibody response and bacterial antigenic load, regardless the time elapsed in the disease's evolution.

Download Full-text

Are Iranian Sulfur Mustard Gas-Exposed Survivors More Vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2? Some Similarity in Their Pathogenesis

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1017/dmp.2020.156 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Gholamreza Farnoosh ◽

Mostafa Ghanei ◽

Hossein Khorramdelazad ◽

Gholamhossein Alishiri ◽

Alireza Jalali Farahani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Infection Prevention ◽

Sulfur Mustard ◽

Infection Prevention And Control ◽

Mustard Gas ◽

History Of ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship ◽

Increased Susceptibility ◽

Gas Exposure

ABSTRACT Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged as a health problem worldwide. It seems that COVID-19 is more lethal for Iranian veterans with a history of exposure to mustard gas. There are some similarities in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and mustard gas in immune system disruption and pulmonary infection. SARS-CoV-2 and mustard gas inducing oxidative stress, immune system dysregulation, cytokine storm, and overexpression of angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) receptor in lungs that act as functional entry receptors for SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, Iranian survivors of mustard gas exposure are more susceptible and vulnerable to COVID-19. It is suggested that the principles of COVID-19 infection prevention and control be adhered to more stringently in Iranian survivors of mustard gas exposure than others who have not been exposed to mustard gas. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the different pathologic aspects of lung injury caused by mustard gas and also the relationship between this damage and the increased susceptibility of Iranian mustard gas exposed survivors to COVID-19.

Download Full-text

Recognition of Pharmacological Bi-Heterocyclic Compounds by Using Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy and Chemometrics

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19153349 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (15) ◽

pp. 3349 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maciej Roman Nowak ◽

Rafał Zdunek ◽

Edward Pliński ◽

Piotr Świątek ◽

Małgorzata Strzelecka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heterocyclic Compounds ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Functional System ◽

Support Vector ◽

Optimal Parameters ◽

Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy ◽

Kernel Support Vector Machine ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Living Organisms

In this study, we presented the concept and implementation of a fully functional system for the recognition of bi-heterocyclic compounds. We have conducted research into the application of machine learning methods to correctly recognize compounds based on THz spectra, and we have described the process of selecting optimal parameters for the kernel support vector machine (KSVM) with an additional `unknown’ class. The chemical compounds used in the study contain a target molecule, used in pharmacy to combat inflammatory states formed in living organisms. Ready-made medical products with similar properties are commonly referred to as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) once authorised on the pharmaceutical market. It was crucial to clearly determine whether the tested sample is a chemical compound known to researchers or is a completely new structure which should be additionally tested using other spectrometric methods. Our approach allows us to achieve 100% accuracy of the classification of the tested chemical compounds in the time of several milliseconds counted for 30 samples of the test set. It fits perfectly into the concept of rapid recognition of bi-heterocyclic compounds without the need to analyse the percentage composition of compound components, assuming that the sample is classified in a known group. The method allows us to minimize testing costs and significant reduction of the time of analysis.

Download Full-text

FC22-03 - Annual periodicity and personality: Season of birth is associated with affective temperaments

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73640-9 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 1936-1936

Author(s):

X. Gonda ◽

Z. Rihmer ◽

K.N. Fountoulakis ◽

M. Pompili ◽

P. Erdös ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Season Of Birth ◽

Novelty Seeking ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Birth Season ◽

Affective Temperaments ◽

Clinical Observations ◽

Monoamine Metabolite ◽

Living Organisms ◽

The Relationship

ObjectivesPeriodicity, cyclicity, and annual rhythms are inherent characteristics of living organisms, and have also been reported for diverse physiological and pathological conditions and phenomena. Season of birth was also associated with central monoamine and monoamine metabolite levels in several studies. Furthermore, several studies indicate a significant effect of season of birth on personality traits and characteristics. A relationship between birth season and novelty seeking has been described and confirmed in several studies. However, affective temperaments have not so far been studied with respect to their association with birth season.AimsThe aim of our present study was to investigate the possible association between affective temperaments and season of birth in a nonclinical sample.Methods366 university students completed the standardized Hungarian version of the TEMPS-A. Ordinary Least Squares regression was applied to explain the relationship between TEMPS-A subscales and birth season of the respondents.ResultsWe found a significant association between temperament scores and birth season in case of the Hyperthymic, Cyclothymic, Irritable and Depressive temperaments, while no significant results emerged for the Anxious temperament.ConclusionsOur results provide further evidence for an association between season of birth and personality, extending the results to affective temperaments as well. Furthermore, our results can be related to clinical observations concerning the seasonal variation of onset and hospitalization due to affective episodes, thus our results also have clinical significance.

Download Full-text

Aneuploidy and DNA Methylation as Mirrored Features of Early Human Embryo Development

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes11091084 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1084

Author(s):

Ekaterina N. Tolmacheva ◽

Stanislav A. Vasilyev ◽

Igor N. Lebedev

Keyword(s):

Dna Methylation ◽

Genome Stability ◽

Human Reproduction ◽

Chromosome Loss ◽

Genome Methylation ◽

Additional Chromosome ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Early Human

Genome stability is an integral feature of all living organisms. Aneuploidy is the most common cause of fetal death in humans. The timing of bursts in increased aneuploidy frequency coincides with the waves of global epigenetic reprogramming in mammals. During gametogenesis and early embryogenesis, parental genomes undergo two waves of DNA methylation reprogramming. Failure of these processes can critically affect genome stability, including chromosome segregation during cell division. Abnormal methylation due to errors in the reprogramming process can potentially lead to aneuploidy. On the other hand, the presence of an entire additional chromosome, or chromosome loss, can affect the global genome methylation level. The associations of these two phenomena are well studied in the context of carcinogenesis, but here, we consider the relationship of DNA methylation and aneuploidy in early human and mammalian ontogenesis. In this review, we link these two phenomena and highlight the critical ontogenesis periods and genome regions that play a significant role in human reproduction and in the formation of pathological phenotypes in newborns with chromosomal aneuploidy.

Download Full-text