scholarly journals Effect of phytohormone and seed density toward growth, disease and bulb yield of True Shallot Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 01037
Author(s):  
Neni Gunaeni ◽  
Rini Rosliani ◽  
Asih K. Karyadi ◽  
Redy Gaswanto
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Seed Density ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
True Seed ◽  
Alternaria Porri ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Bulb Yield

Shallot can be propagated generatively in the form True Seed of Shallot (TSS). The research purpose was to study phytohormone and sown seed density's effect on growth, disease, and bulbs yield. The research was conducted at Indonesian Vegetables Research Institute (1,250 m asl), Lembang-West Java, from August 2017 until April 2018. The research used a factorial randomized completely block design with two factors repeated three times. The first factor was kind of phytohormone (A1 = BAP, A2 = NAA, A3 = GA3, A4 = control) and the second factor was the sown seed density (B1 = 5 g/m2, B2 = 7 g/m2, B3 = 9 g/m2). The result showed that: Phytohormone application did not affect germination and growth of TSS, living plant number, and bulb yield. The best-sown seed density to plant growth was 7 g seeds/m2. Elisa’s test result did not detect the viruses as seed-borne diseases such as SYSV, OYDV, or LYSV. The intensity of disease symptoms Alternaria porri (11%), Stemphylium vesicatorium, Colletotrichum gleosporiodes, and Peronospora destructor each (12%). In general, the most bulb yield was informed single cloves.

scholarly journals Effect of Phosphorus and Gibberellic Acid on Growth and Yield of Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa)

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Lathuenu Marma ◽  
Md. Hasanuzzaman Akand ◽  
Md. Nazrul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
P Application ◽  
Bulb Yield

The present study was carried out in the Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during October 2017 to March 2018 to study the Effect of phosphorus (P) and gibberellic acid (GA3) on growth and yield  of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa). Four phosphorus levels viz P0 = 0 kg P2O5 ha-1, P1 = 65 kg P2O5 ha-1, P2 = 85 kg P2O5 ha-1 and P3 = 110 kg P2O5 ha-1 and three GA3 levels viz. G0 = 0 ppm GA3, G1 = 115 ppm GA3 and G2 =145 ppm GA3. The experiment was laid out in the two factors Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Regarding P application, P3 gave the highest plant height (61.02 cm) and number of leaves plant-1 (7. 29.35) compared to control treatment but the highest yield parameters no. of spike ha-1 (368.60 thousand), bulb yield (25.88 t ha-1) and bulblet yield (14.21 t ha-1) were found from the treatment P2 whereas control treatment P0 showed lowest results. In case of GA3 application, G2 showed highest growth and yield parameter and the highest no. of spike ha-1 (362.30 thousand), bulb yield (25.38 t ha-1) and bulblet yield (14.00 t ha-1) were obtained from G2 whereas the lowest results were found from the control treatment G0. Treatment combine of P and GA3, the highest no. of spike ha-1 (405.60 thousand), bulb yield (31.45 t ha-1), and bulblet yield (16.01 t ha-1) were found from P2G2 combination whereas the lowest no. of spike ha-1 (189.60 thousand), bulb yield (14.57 t ha-1) and bulblet yield (9.05 t ha-1) was found from the control treatment combination of P0G0. In terms of economic analysis, the highest gross return (Tk. 471550), net return (Tk. 289337) and BCR (2.59) were also obtained from P2G2 whereas the lowest gross return (Tk. 227470), net return (Tk. 57703) and BCR (1.34) was obtained from P0G0. From the above results, it can be stated that that the P application @ 85 kg P2O5 ha-1 and GA3 application @ 145 ppm can be considered for higher yield and economic return in commercial cultivation of tuberose.

scholarly journals PENGARUH SKARIFIKASI DAN HORMON GIBERELIN (GA3) TERHADAP DAYA KECAMBAH DAN PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT PALEM PUTRI (Veitchia merillii)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Rita Elfianis ◽  
Siti Hartina ◽  
Indah Permanasari ◽  
Jully Handoko
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Growth Speed ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Germination And Growth

Christmas palm is a plant that has high economic value as an ornamental plant and is in great demand. Christmas palm seeds begin to germinate 3-4 weeks after planting, slow germination because of to seeds experiencing physical dormancy. To break dormancy can be done by scarification and immersion GA3. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of scarification and GA3 on the germination and growth of christmas palm seedlings and the interaction between the two treatments. This research was carried out from December 2017 to March 2018 on experimental Field and Agronomy Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science State Islamic University Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. The method used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors and four replications. The first factor was the scarification (control and with scarification) and the second factor is immersion GA3 (0 ppm, 150 ppm, 300 ppm and 450 ppm). The results showed that scarification by means of sandpaper can increase the growth rate and height of the christmas palm plant.The dipping of GA3 with concentration of 450 ppm for 2 hours is the best concentration for growth speed. There was no interaction between scarification and GA3 immersion on all observational parameters both in germination and in the nursery of chritmas palm plants on the land.

scholarly journals Bio-priming of Aceh local chili seeds in the effort to increase production and begomo virus resistance

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012081
Author(s):  
S Hafsah ◽  
Yusnizar ◽  
Nura ◽  
K S Kaloko ◽  
F Reza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
Banda Aceh

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine whether P60 could induce resistance in local Aceh chili varieties to begomovirus and compared with national varieties. This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm, Genetics and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, from March to July 2021. This study used a factorial randomized block design. The tested factors consisted of two factors. The first factor is bio priming. The second factor consists of four local Aceh chili varieties, namely: V1 = Odeng, V2 = Lanyoe, V3 = Super Lamando and V4 = LamandoLapaben and one national variety, namely V5 = Baja F1 as a comparison variety. The results showed that the best local Aceh variety was LamandoLapaben for the variables of resistance response, incubation period, disease intensity, disease incidence, stem diameter, and crown width. The best local variety Aceh Lanyoe on plant height and dichotomous height parameters. Giving P60 can reduce the percentage of disease incidence by 52.00% and slow down the process of emergence of disease symptoms (incubation period) 27.11 DAP. The best combination treatment was the LamandoLapaben variety, which was 1.41 milligram Units-1 (Umg)-1.

scholarly journals Can We Produce True Seed of Shallot (TSS) from Small Size Shallot Sets?

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Endah R. Palupi ◽  
Fatiani Manik ◽  
M Rahmad Suhartanto
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
True Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Reduced Risk

The Indonesian government has been promoting the use of true seed of shallot (TSS) for shallot production due to its higher productivity potentials and greatly reduced risk of disease transfer. This research was conducted at Leuwikopo experimental station, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University, West Java, Indonesia, in 2015. The aim of the research was to study TSS production from small size shallot sets “Bima Brebes”, an easy to flower shallot cultivar.  The trial was arranged in a completely randomized block design with two factors; BAP concentration i.e. 50, 100 150, 200 ppm as the first factor and the sizes of mother bulbs, i.e. small (3-4 g) and medium (5-10 g), as the second factor. The results showed that the vegetative growth of plants from the two bulb sizes were similar. TSS production and TSS quality from small size (3-4 g) bulbs was also comparable to that of medium size shallot set, except for 1000 seeds weight in which medium size mother bulb produced heavier 1000-seeds weight than that of small size shallot set. Therefore small size shallot set can potentially be useful for TSS production. 

scholarly journals The Effect of Shallot Bulbs Storage Duration and Paclobutrazol Treatments to Disease Attacks on Shallot Plant in Karo Highlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Rasiska Tarigan ◽  
Fatiani Manik ◽  
Susilawati Barus
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Limited Availability ◽  
Peronospora Destructor ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Alternaria Porri ◽  
Two Factors

A major challenge in the development of shallot seeds is the limited availability of qualified seed due to pathogen infection during the vegetative phase. The study aims to determine the effect of storage duration and paclobutrazol (PBZ) treatment to the resistance of shallots crop. The study was conducted at the Berastagi Experimental Fields, Vegetable Crops Research Institute in February to May 2017. The experiment was arranged by randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is bulbs storage duration, which is without storage and stored for 2 months. The second factor is PBZ treatment with levels ie 0, 0.5. 1, 1.5 and 2 mL/L. The observation parameters are the diseases percentage, diseases intensity, roots number, and roots length. The results showed that the shallot bulbs that singly stored had a significant effect on the diseases caused by Peronospora destructor, Alternaria porri, and Fusarium wilt with low percentage category. The PBZ treatment had not significant effect on all observation variables, but the interaction with 2 months storage duration had effect on root length at 60 days after planting (DAP).

PENGARUH KOMPOS SAMPAH KOTA DAN PUPUK KANDANG SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN PAKCOY (BRASSICA RAPA, L. CHINENSIS) PADA ALUVIAL KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Wiwik Ambarsari ◽  
Henly Yuliana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Experimental Garden

The study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of city waste compost and cattle manure on the growth and yield of pakcoy plants (Brassica rapa, L. Chinensis) in Aluvial, Indramayu Regency. The study was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Wiralodra University, Indramayu Regency from March to August 2018. This study used Factorial Pattern Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor is city waste compost and the second factor is cattle manure with 4 levels: 0%, 3.0%, 6.0%, and 9.0%, repeated twice. The results showed that there was an independent influence between city waste compost and cattle manure on plant height and number of leaves. The best combination to increase the feasibility weight of pakcoy consumption is by giving city waste compost 9.0% (S4) and cattle manure 6.0% (K3).

The current state of mycotoxin biomarker development in humans and animals and the potential for application to plant systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Baldwin ◽  
R. Riley ◽  
N. Zitomer ◽  
K. Voss ◽  
R. Coulombe Jr. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Living Plant ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Mechanisms Of Toxicity ◽  
Livestock Feeds ◽  
Commercially Important

Filamentous fungi that contaminate livestock feeds and human food supply often produce toxigenic secondary metabolites known as mycotoxins. Among the hundreds of known mycotoxins, aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone are considered the most commercially important. Intense research on these mycotoxins, especially aflatoxin, has resulted in the development of 'biomarkers' used to link exposure to disease risk. In the case of aflatoxin this effort has led to the discovery of both exposure and mechanism-based biomarkers, which have proven essential for understanding aflatoxin's potential for causing disease in humans, including subtle effects on growth and immune response. Fumonisin biomarkers have also been used extensively in farm and laboratory animals to study the fumonisin-induced disruption of cellular and systemic physiology which leads to disease. This review summarises the status of mycotoxin biomarker development in humans and animals for the commercially important mycotoxins. Since the fungi responsible for the production of these mycotoxins are often endophytes that infect and colonise living plant tissues, accumulation of mycotoxins in the plant tissues may at times be associated with development of plant disease symptoms. The presence of mycotoxins, even in the absence of disease symptoms, may still have subtle biological effects on the physiology of plants. This review examines the question of whether or not the knowledge gained from mechanistic studies and development of biomarkers in animal and human systems is transferable to the study of mycotoxin effects on plant systems. Thus far, fumonisin has proven amenable to development of mechanism-based biomarkers to study maize seedling disease caused by the fumonisin producer, Fusarium verticillioides. Expanding our knowledge of mechanisms of toxicity and the overt and subtle effects on animal, human, and plant systems through the identification and validation of biomarkers will further our ability to monitor and limit the damage and economic impact of mycotoxins.

scholarly journals SPRAY APPLICATIONS TO TOMATO PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES. PART 2: EFFECT OF SPRAY LANCE TYPE

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Cerruto ◽  
Giuseppe Emma ◽  
Giuseppe Manetto
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Internal Layer ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Mean

The present paper reports the results of some spray application trials carried out in a greenhouse with full developed tomato plants to assess foliar deposition, ground losses, and dermal operator exposure when using handheld high pressure spray lances and when walking backwards during treatments. Two spray lance types (conventional with one nozzle and Yamaho C-6 with two steel nozzles, each with two orifices) and two working pressures (10 and 20 bar) were taken into consideration. An experimental design with two factors (spray lance and pressure) was adopted, arranged according to a randomised block design with three replicates. Volume application rates ranged from 775 up to 1252 L/ha, but all data were normalised to 1000 L/ha. The results showed no statistically significant differences in the mean foliar deposition between the two spray lances and the two working pressures. However, the higher pressure improved significantly the deposit into the internal layer of the canopy (+57%), whereas the Yamaho C-6 spray lance produced a higher deposit on the external layer at any pressure. The greatest differences between external and internal layer were mainly concentrated in the middle and high parts of the canopy, where there were 55 007_Cerruto(557)_49 18-11-2009 11:59 Pagina 55 the highest values of LAI and number of foliar layers. The fraction of the applied volume rate on the ground was on average 25 percent and it was affected only by the pressure value: it increased from 21.7 to 28.7 percent when the pressure increased from 10 to 20 bar, due mainly to the contribution of the conventional spray lance under the sprayed twin-rows. Finally, neither pressure nor spray lance type affected significantly the dermal operator exposure. Upper limbs accounted for 51 percent of the total exposure, while trunk and lower limbs accounted for 24 percent each. The body parts more exposed were the left arm and the hands, but also relatively high was the deposit on the respirator, so operators should ever wear appropriate personal protective equipment.

scholarly journals Serapan Hara N, P, K dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Pada Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Anorganik dan Organik di Tanah Inceptisol

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Mulyati Mulyati ◽  
Baharuddin AB ◽  
R Sri Tejo Wulan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

The use of inorganic fertilizers has an important role in increasing plant growth and production. But it also causes various problems such as decreasing soil organic matter, soil acidity, soil degradation, nutrient imbalance and increasing environmental pollution. Therefore, it needs to be balanced with the provision of organic fertilizers. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of application of various doses of inorganic and organic fertilizers on N, P, K nutrient uptake and maize plant growth. The experimental design used was a randomized block design arranged in a factorial manner consisting of two factors. The first factor is the dose of inorganic fertilizer (A): 0, 150 and 300 kg ha-1 phonska and the second factor is organic fertilizer plus (P): 0, 10, 20 tons ha-1. The two factors were combined and each treatment combination was repeated three times. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance at the 5% level of significance. The results showed that there was no interaction between the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P and K. However, the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers had a significant effect on all tested agronomic traits except for plant height. Nutrient uptake of N, P and K also increased significantly due to the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers. The balance of inorganic and organic fertilizer application increases the availability of nutrients as well as the uptake of N, P, and K nutrients by maize plants.

scholarly journals Peran Pupuk Organik dalam Peningkatan Efisiensi Pupuk Anorganik pada Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Totong Siwanto ◽  
Sugiyanta , ◽  
Maya Melati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

ABSTRACT<br />Application of organic fertilizer into the soil is designated as a source of macro, micro nutrients and organic acids; it also acts as soil ameliorant that improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Application of high rates organic fertilizer has a constraint namely the availability and ease of application. Therefore, it is necessary to learn the use of organic fertilizer with low rates to improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizers. This research was aimed to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of paddy rice, as well as the efficiency of N, P, K inorganic fertilizer. Field experiment was conducted at Sawah Baru Research Station, University Farm IPB, Bogor, West Java from September to December 2013. The experiment used Randomized Block Design consisted of two factors: rates of organic fertilizer (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg ha-1), and rates of inorganic fertilizer (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha-1). The results suggested that the application of 1,000 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 did not show significant interaction. Application of organic fertilizer alone up to 1,000 kg ha-1 resulted in low growth and yield. Increasing rates of  application up to 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 increased the growth and yield of paddy rice. The highest N efficiency was 89.19% at a rate of 500 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 200 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1, whereas the highest efficiency of P and K, respectively were 69.55% and 92.52% at a rate of 750 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 300 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1.<br />Keywords: NPK, organic fertilizer, paddy rice

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