scholarly journals Comparison between Medical Student Educators and Program Directors in 2010 and 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. e264-e269
Author(s):  
Prithvi S. Sankar ◽  
JoAnn A. Giaconi ◽  
Anju Goyal ◽  
Emily G. Graubart ◽  
Pavlina S. Kemp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Medical Student Education ◽  
Program Directors ◽  
The United States ◽  
Change Leadership ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Academic Promotion ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Abstract Objective Over the last decade, prominence of the Directors of Medical Student Education in Ophthalmology (DMSEs) within the Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology (AUPO) has increased. With increased recognition of this important leadership position, an examination of the trending demographic differences between DMSEs and the Ophthalmology Program Directors (PDs) may be helpful, especially in regard to the potential for academic promotion from each track. Design Present study is a database study. Methods The AUPO directory was used to ascertain the DMSE and the PD members between 2010 and 2019. The demographic profile for each member was determined using publicly available resources. Chi-square analysis of the data was performed. Main Outcome Measures Number of DMSE and PD AUPO from 2010 to 2019 in AUPO Directory, sex, geographic location, and graduation year were measured through this study. Results There has been a steady increase in the number of DMSEs from 2010 to 2019, whereas the number of PDs have remained stable. The number of DMSEs have increased in all regions of the United States. The year of ophthalmology residency graduation was similar in the DMSE and PD cohorts in 2010 and 2019. The number of women have increased in the DMSEs in 2019 compared with 2010; the number of women who were PDs in 2019 were similar to 2010. Finally, more PDs in 2010 became Chairs in 2019, whereas no DMSEs in 2010 became Chair in 2019. Conclusion There are a growing number of DMSEs, overall, with an increasing proportion of women in the 2019 DMSE group compared with 2010. In contrast, the overall number of PDs have remained stable, as has the proportion of female PDs in 2019 compared with 2010. DMSEs, compared with PDs, are less likely to become Chairs. The increased opportunity for academic leadership with the growing DMSE group may help change leadership patterns overall in academic ophthalmology.

HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN KOMPUTER DENGAN KEJADIAN NYERI KEPALA TIPE TEGANG PADA PEKERJA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Suryanti Suryanti ◽  
Andi Ipaljri
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tension Headaches ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Tension Type Headaches ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In the current era of globalization, humans always interact with technological developments. One result of the development of technology is the use of computers. The use of computers that are not under the ergonomic position causes effects on health, one of them is tension-type headaches. In the United States, 1-4% of patients coming to the Emergency Care Unit complain of headache, 90% of them are tension-type headaches. The proportion of migraine and other headache syndromes in the hospital. Harapan Bunda in 2011 and RS. Camatha Sahidya in Batam in Batam was 5% and 0.7% respectively. Whereas the incidence of tension headaches in 5 puskesmas in Batam in 2014 ranged from 0.5% - 1.3%. The proportion of tension headaches at the BIP Clinic in the January-April 2018 period is 1.5%. Tension-type headaches that occur continuously can cause barriers to daily activities. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of computer use with the incidence of tension-type headaches in workers. This research uses a descriptive-analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Of 97 respondents who visited the clinical BIP that met the criteria, it was found that computer user respondents experienced tension-type headaches of 18 people (42.9%) and not tension-type headaches of 24 people (57.1%). Whereas the respondents who were not computer users experienced tension-type headaches of 10 people (18.2%), and non-tension-type headaches of 45 people (81.8%). Bivariate chi-square analysis showed that p = 0.008 (p <0.05). This means that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

scholarly journals Pulse Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Cooking Experience of Midwestern US University Students

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3499
Author(s):  
Donna M. Winham ◽  
Elizabeth D. Davitt ◽  
Michelle M. Heer ◽  
Mack C. Shelley
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Many American college students fail to meet dietary guideline recommendations for fruits, vegetables, and fiber. Pulses are a subgroup of legumes, harvested solely for dry grain seeds within a pod. Commonly consumed pulses include dry beans, dry peas, lentils, and chickpeas. Pulses are high in shortfall nutrients and could fill some nutritional gaps of college students. However, little is known about pulse intakes among young adults. The study aims were: (1) to identify knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding pulse consumption; and (2) to describe experiences of preparing dry pulses among college students. A convenience sample of 1433 students aged 18–30 enrolled at a Midwestern university in the United States completed an online survey in April 2020. Demographic and attitude variables were compared by the monthly count of pulse types eaten using chi-square, analysis of variance, and logistic regression modeling to predict pulse type intakes. Higher numbers of pulse types eaten was associated with being White, vegetarian/vegan, higher cooking self-efficacy, positive attitudes toward pulses, and greater daily intake of fruits, vegetables, and fiber. Knowledge and experience of cooking dry pulses was low, with canned pulses purchased more often. College students may not be consuming pulses due to unfamiliarity with them, low knowledge of nutrition benefits, and a general lack of cooking self-efficacy. Increased familiarization and promotion surrounding pulses may increase their consumption.

scholarly journals 2328. Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Subgroups among Hospitalized Infants in the United States, 2015–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S799-S800
Author(s):  
Brian Rha ◽  
Teresa C T Peret ◽  
Lijuan Wang ◽  
Joana Y Lively ◽  
Aaron Curns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Kansas City ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Respiratory Illnesses ◽  
Monthly Distribution ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) in young children. Circulation of RSV subgroups A and B can vary by season and geographic location, and may have implications for disease susceptibility, outcomes, and prevention measures. We investigated RSV subgroup distribution among samples collected in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network. Methods Prospective active surveillance for hospitalized ARI was conducted from November 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016 among children < 12 months of age at seven pediatric hospital sites. Mid-turbinate nasal and throat flocked swabs (combined when both available) and/or tracheal aspirates were collected and tested for RSV at each site using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT–PCR) assays; RSV A/B subgroup results were available from four sites that did their own subgroup testing (Cincinnati, Kansas City, Houston, and Oakland). At three sites (Rochester, Nashville, Seattle), approximately 50 RSV-positive specimens were sampled based on the monthly distribution for each site and 1:1 distribution by gender, and then assayed for subgroup at CDC. Patient information was obtained from medical records; chi-square tests were used to compare the distribution of A and B subgroups by site. Results Of 704 RSV-positive hospitalized infants, subgroup data from 586 were analyzed; 340 (58%) were RSV A and 246 (42%) were RSV B. The median age for both RSV A and RSV B patients was 2 months. Subgroup distribution varied by geographic location, with the overall proportion of RSV A ranging from 18–83% across sites (P < 0.01). Peak RSV A and B detections by month varied by site, occurring from November–February (figure). Conclusion During the 2015–2016 season, RSV A and B subgroups co-circulated among hospitalized infants enrolled at seven US sites. The predominance of RSV subgroup varied by geographic location. Continued surveillance and additional subgroup testing over multiple seasons should improve understanding of the epidemiologic significance of RSV infections by subgroup. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Differences in Electronic Medical Record Implementation and Use According to Geographical Location and Organizational Characteristics of US Federally Qualified Health Centers

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Beverley ◽  
Janice Probst ◽  
Edith M. Williams ◽  
Patrick Rivers ◽  
Saundra H. Glover
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Federally Qualified Health Centers ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Commonwealth Fund ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Electronic medical records (EMRs) are at the forefront of the national healthcare agenda and this paper examines EMR implementation and usage based on data from the 2009 Commonwealth Fund National Survey of Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHC). Chi-square analysis was used to examine differences in EMR implementation and usage. Logistic regression analysis was used to understand the adjusted associations between EMR implementation and usage. A significant finding of this study was that simple EMRs were implemented in more than half of FQHCs in the Northeast, Southern, and Western regions of the United States and EMRs in more than half of the FQHCs in the Southern and Western regions are not even utilized. These findings indicate simple EMR usage and full EMR implementation need improvement to meet the requirements of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act by 2014, or face reduction in Medicare and Medicaid reimbursements.

Exploring how national educational organizations can promote educational research amongst members: a survey-based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lavjay Butani ◽  
Gary Beck Dallaghan
Keyword(s):  
Educational Research ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Medical Student Education ◽  
Academic Rank ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
National Organizations ◽  
Faculty Educators ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Abstract Background: Engagement of academic faculty in research remains low. While barriers to research have been explored, there are no data on how national organizations can help overcome these barriers. Our study explored faculty satisfaction and motivational drivers for engagement with research opportunities offered by the Council on Medical Student Education in Pediatrics (COMSEP), an organization of pediatric medical educators, and characterize strategies perceived by faculty to promote the use of these opportunities.Methods: In 2021, 5 survey questions were administered to faculty members of COMSEP to explore satisfaction with COMSEP’s research offerings, the perceived value of educational research, and the facilitators, barriers and potential opportunities for COMSEP to promote research. Clark’s Commitment and Necessary Effort model on motivation served as the theoretical framework for our study, which explores motivation, self-efficacy and contextual factors influencing individual’s pursuit of goals. Chi-square analysis and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test were used to compare categorical and scaled variables among groups who did and did not avail of COMSEP’s research offerings.Results: 90 (25%) of 360 recipients responded. Sixty-one percent expressed satisfaction with COMSEP’s research offerings. Sixty-eight percent indicated research was an expectation of their academic appointment, that education was their primary research focus (74%) and that they did not have other research opportunities that met their needs (58%). Of respondents, 75.7% of females had submitted a proposal versus 60% of females who had not. The comparison by gender was not statistically significant. Exploration by academic rank revealed that 35% of instructor/assistant professors had submitted a proposal compared to 65% of associate professors/professors (p=.05). Barriers leading to non-submission to any of the offerings included having too much other work, lack of enjoyment in writing and inability to find mentors. Respondents endorsed the importance of several strategies to promote engagement in research-skill building opportunities, personalized consultations and increased funding. Conclusions: Faculty educators value the importance of educational research and recognize that research opportunities offered by COMSEP address an unmet need, but express ambivalence in the enjoyment of writing (reflecting their mood), and endorse structural barriers, that are amenable to change, affecting their personal agency.

scholarly journals Awareness and Adherence to Government Guidelines on Physical Activity by American Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1293-1293
Author(s):  
Teresia Mbogori
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Abstract Objectives U.S. Department of Health and Human Services provides physical activity guidelines for Americans. Current guidelines recommend at least 30–60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity 5 days a week. This level of physical activity is associated with reduction of many adverse health outcomes. This study sought to investigate the awareness and adherence to these guidelines by adults in the United States. Methods A secondary data analysis was conducted using the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS-5 Cycle 3), a nationally-representative survey administered by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Data were collected between January and May 2019 among 5438 adults. Participants were asked if they were aware of government guidelines on physical activity, where they had heard this information and the action they took. In addition, participants were asked the number of days in a week they were physically active or exercised and for how long. Descriptive and Chi square statistics were used to determine the level of awareness and adherence to physical activity guidelines and the relationship between awareness and actions taken. Results About 36% of the participants stated that they had not heard about government recommendations on physical activity. 46% stated that they heard about the guidelines but did not make any changes to their physical activity routine while 5.3% stated that they increased their physical activity. Sources of this information were, television (34%), social media or internet (25%), health professionals or doctor (24%), and magazines (19%). About 54% of the participants reported that they were physically active 3 or more days per week while 26% stated that they did no physical activity. About 68.4% of those who reported exercising did so for 30–60 minutes while 15% exercised for more than 60 minutes per day. Chi square analysis showed that a higher percentage of those who reported not exercising at all also reported that they had not heard about the government recommendations of physical activity (X2 = 29.6; P &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions There still remains a considerable section of the population that is not aware of the government guidelines on physical activity. There is need for continued public education on the benefits of physical activity and the amount of physical activity that is likely to result in such benefits. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Student Academic Performance in Online Credit Recovery

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Nourse
Keyword(s):  
Success Factors ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Credit Recovery ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Student Academic Performance ◽  
Potential Success ◽  
End Of Grade ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Recent estimates show nearly 90% of school districts nationwide offer some form of online credit recovery. Despite its widespread adoption, there is a dearth of research surrounding the suitability of online credit recovery for students. This study examined potential success factors of students enrolled in virtual recovery courses in a school district in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, and binary logistic regression modeling was used for data analysis to account for the influence of student characteristics on credit recovery outcome. Findings revealed that grade-level, IEP status, and middle school End-of-Grade Test results could be linked to achievement in online credit recovery courses. Implications of these findings for educators are discussed.

scholarly journals Selected Abstracts From the Proceedings of the 2019 Society of Teachers of Family Medicine Conference on Medical Student Education

PRiMER ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Norris ◽  
Bonnie Jortberg
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Medical Student Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Student Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Medicine Education ◽  
Education Conference

From January 31 through February 3, 2019 the Society of Teachers of Family Medicine (STFM) held its 45th annual Conference on Medical Student Education in Jacksonville, Florida. STFM is a collaborative organization composed of members who are dedicated to teaching the discipline to learners of any level. The conference brings together members including physicians, administrators, behavioral scientists, researchers, residents, and students to learn from one another and improve the quality of family medicine education in the United States and Canada. Abstracts for all conference submissions can be found on the STFM website.1  Plenary speakers addressed topics related to health equity (Joanne Rooney, JD, LLM, EdD); discrimination and bias in the medical workplace (Roberto E. Montenegro, MD, PhD); and mentoring in family medicine (Beat Steiner, MD, MPH, STFM President). The STFM Committee on Medical Student Education reviewed the 14 completed educational research projects and selected six exemplary abstracts as the best of the conference. Criteria for inclusion included relevance to medical student education with a focus on family medicine education, study quality, and meaningful conclusions. Five of the abstracts appear in this collection. One has been published in the intervening time.2 Society of Teachers of Family Medicine. 2019 Conference on Medical Student Education Conference Sessions. https://www.stfm.org/conferences/generalinformation/msearchives/. Accessed April 28, 2019. Stumbar SE, Garba NA, Holder C. Let’s talk about sex: the social determinants of sexual and reproductive health for second-year medical students. MedEdPORTAL. 2018;14;10772. https://doi.org/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10772

Role Models, Perceived Sport Encouragement, and Sport Expectancies of United States Adolescent Athletes and Their Parents

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott B. Martin ◽  
Peggy A. Richardson ◽  
Karen H. Weiller ◽  
Allen W. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Youth Sport ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Parental Encouragement ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

During the past decade females have had more opportunities to participate in sports at various levels than ever before. These opportunities and the recognition received due to their success may have changed peoples’ views regarding same-sex role models, perceived parental encouragement, and expectations of success. Thus, the purpose of the study was to explore role models, perceived encouragement to participate in youth sport from parents, and sport expectations of adolescent athletes and their parents living in the United States of America. A questionnaire was administered to 426 adolescent athletes who competed in youth sport leagues and to one parent within each family unit (n=426). Chi square analysis indicated significant relationships between athletes’ gender and the gender of their role model and between parents’ gender and the gender of their role model (p = .0001). DM MANOVA revealed a significant multivariate difference for adolescent athletes and their parents on the questions concerning expectations for future athletic success. Post hoc analyses indicated that the athletes were more likely than their parents to believe that they could play at the college, Olympic, or professional levels. In addition, boys were more likely than girls to believe that they could play at the college, Olympic, and professional levels.

Vitamin D Levels Are Frequently below Normal in Multiple Myeloma Patients and Are Infrequently Assessed By Their Treating Physicians

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 5769-5769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah Ravenborg ◽  
Kyle Udd ◽  
Ariana Berenson ◽  
Fritz Costa ◽  
James R. Berenson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Skeletal Related Events ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Abstract Introduction: In addition to breast and colorectal cancers, multiple myeloma has also been associated with vitamin D deficiency. Given the role of vitamin D in calcium absorption and bone metabolism, it is crucial to maintain sufficient levels for multiple myeloma patients because of their high risk of bone-related complications. We hypothesized that there was a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among multiple myeloma patients. We also hypothesized that there is inadequate screening of vitamin D levels throughout community oncology clinics nationwide. Methods: This study both evaluated multiple myeloma patients from a single medical practice specializing in this B-cell malignancy who had a 25-OH vitamin D level determined, and separately determined the proportion of oncology sites that screen for this vitamin among their patients. Charts were reviewed from the medical practice specializing in multiple myeloma, and only the first vitamin D determination was analyzed in the study. Demographics and the presence of the following complications at the time or within 1 year from when vitamin D levels were assessed: peripheral neuropathy, skeletal-related events and bone disease. We defined skeletal-related events as pathological fractures, spinal cord compression or requirement for radiation or surgery, and bone disease as having one of the following: osteoporosis, osteopenia or lytic bone disease. Patients were categorized as either having sufficient (> 30 ng/ml), insufficient (20 to < 30 ng/ml) or deficient (<20 ng/ml) 25-OH vitamin D levels. Chi square analysis was used to compare the proportion of patients with specific complications to their 25-OH vitamin D levels. To determine the rate of vitamin D screening among community oncologists, Site Information Forms from 508 sites throughout the United States were reviewed which asked these groups whether they screen patients for vitamin D levels. Results: One hundred sixty-nine multiple myeloma patients were enrolled in the study. Their median age was 67, the mean was 65.4 (range, 38-85) and the gender breakdown was 62% male and 38% female. 25-OH vitamin D levels were sufficient in less than two-thirds (64%) of patients with 22% and 14% of patents showing insufficient and deficient levels of this vitamin, respectively. The proportions of patients with specific complications in relationship to their vitamin D levels are shown below.Abstract 5769. Table 1ComplicationVitamin D deficientVitamin D insufficientVitamin D deficientPeripheral neuropathy65%65%59%Bone disease85%82%87%Skeletal-related events70%62%58% Chi square analysis showed no significant differences in complications rates as related to vitamin D levels although skeletal-related events were more frequently observed among patients with vitamin D levels below the normal range (insufficient or deficient). Of the 508 sites that were asked on the Site Information Forms to provide information on whether their physicians assess vitamin D levels as part of their standard of care of their patients, 97% responded that they did not assess vitamin D levels as part of their standard of care of these patients. Conclusion: Vitamin D levels are frequently low among multiple myeloma patients and, despite this, screening levels of this vitamin is not thought to be part of the routine work up by the vast majority of oncologists in the United States. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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