Functional analysis of the soybean gene GmTIR under biotic and abiotic stresses

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Xiaoting Wang ◽  
Lu Huang ◽  
Xiaochun Bian ◽  
Zhan Li ◽  
Ruifang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tir Domain

The TIR (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor) domain has been proposed to play a signalling role in resistance responses mediated by TIR-containing proteins. The functions of some TIR-domain-containing proteins have been defined in some plants; however, there has been no study evaluating TIR-domain-containing proteins in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). In this study, GmTIR was isolated from soybean, and its functions under stresses were analysed. Analysis of tissue-specific expression patterns showed that GmTIR was strongly expressed in leaves and weakly expressed in the immature green beans. Treatments with Phytophthora sojae, salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, abscisic acid, copper, salt and drought significantly increased GmTIR expression, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid and low temperature caused slight increases. Compared with wild type expression, GmTIR overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana led to a higher germination rate under both salt and drought stresses, but the root length of transgenic Arabidopsis was greater than of wild type plants only under salt stress. In response to the stresses, accumulation of proline in transgenic plants was also higher. The results suggest that GmTIR could be a positive factor for promoting the survival of plants under biotic and abiotic stresses.

scholarly journals Molecular Cloning and Functional Analysis of GmLACS2-3 Reveals Its Involvement in Cutin and Suberin Biosynthesis along with Abiotic Stress Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9175
Author(s):  
Asma Ayaz ◽  
Haodong Huang ◽  
Minglü Zheng ◽  
Wajid Zaman ◽  
Donghai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Chain Acyl ◽  
Important Crop Plant

Cutin and wax are the main precursors of the cuticle that covers the aerial parts of plants and provide protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (LACSs) play diversified roles in the synthesis of cutin, wax, and triacylglycerol (TAG). Most of the information concerned with LACS functions is obtained from model plants, whereas the roles of LACS genes in Glycine max are less known. Here, we have identified 19 LACS genes in Glycine max, an important crop plant, and further focused our attention on 4 LACS2 genes (named as GmLACS2-1, 2, 3, 4, respectively). These GmLACS2 genes display different expression patterns in various organs and also show different responses to abiotic stresses, implying that these genes might play diversified functions during plant growth and against stresses. To further identify the role of GmLACS2-3, greatly induced by abiotic stresses, we transformed a construct containing its full length of coding sequence into Arabidopsis. The expression of GmLACS2-3 in an Arabidopsis atlacs2 mutant greatly suppressed its phenotype, suggesting it plays conserved roles with that of AtLACS2. The overexpression of GmLACS2-3 in wild-type plants significantly increased the amounts of cutin and suberin but had little effect on wax amounts, indicating the specific role of GmLACS2-3 in the synthesis of cutin and suberin. In addition, these GmLACS2-3 overexpressing plants showed enhanced drought tolerance. Taken together, our study deepens our understanding of the functions of LACS genes in different plants and also provides a clue for cultivating crops with strong drought resistance.

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of 14-3-3 Genes in Citrus sinensis and Their Responses to Different Stresses

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 568
Author(s):  
Shiheng Lyu ◽  
Guixin Chen ◽  
Dongming Pan ◽  
Jianjun Chen ◽  
Wenqin She
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Specific Expression

14-3-3 proteins (14-3-3s) are among the most important phosphorylated molecules playing crucial roles in regulating plant development and defense responses to environmental constraints. No report thus far has documented the gene family of 14-3-3s in Citrus sinensis and their roles in response to stresses. In this study, nine 14-3-3 genes, designated as CitGF14s (CitGF14a through CitGF14i) were identified from the latest C. sinensis genome. Phylogenetic analysis classified them into ε-like and non-ε groups, which were supported by gene structure analysis. The nine CitGF14s were located on five chromosomes, and none had duplication. Publicly available RNA-Seq raw data and microarray databases were mined for 14-3-3 expression profiles in different organs of citrus and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. RT-qPCR was used for further examining spatial expression patterns of CitGF14s in citrus and their temporal expressions in one-year-old C. sinensis “Xuegan” plants after being exposed to different biotic and abiotic stresses. The nine CitGF14s were expressed in eight different organs with some isoforms displayed tissue-specific expression patterns. Six of the CitGF14s positively responded to citrus canker infection (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri). The CitGF14s showed expressional divergence after phytohormone application and abiotic stress treatments, suggesting that 14-3-3 proteins are ubiquitous regulators in C. sinensis. Using the yeast two-hybrid assay, CitGF14a, b, c, d, g, and h were found to interact with CitGF14i proteins to form a heterodimer, while CitGF14i interacted with itself to form a homodimer. Further analysis of CitGF14s co-expression and potential interactors established a 14-3-3s protein interaction network. The established network identified 14-3-3 genes and several candidate clients which may play an important role in developmental regulation and stress responses in this important fruit crop. This is the first study of 14-3-3s in citrus, and the established network may help further investigation of the roles of 14-3-3s in response to abiotic and biotic constraints.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the CaLAX and CaPIN gene families in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under various abiotic stresses and hormone treatments

Genome ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenghao Zhang ◽  
Wenqi Dong ◽  
Zong-an Huang ◽  
MyeongCheoul Cho ◽  
Qingcang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Environmental Stresses ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Genome Wide

Auxin plays key roles in regulating plant growth and development as well as in response to environmental stresses. The intercellular transport of auxin is mediated by the following four gene families: ATP-binding cassette family B (ABCB), auxin resistant1/like aux1 (AUX/LAX), PIN-formed (PIN), and PIN-like (PILS). Here, the latest assembled pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) genome was used to characterise and analyse the CaLAX and CaPIN gene families. Genome-wide investigations into these families, including chromosomal distributions, phytogenic relationships, and intron/exon structures, were performed. In total, 4 CaLAX and 10 CaPIN genes were mapped to 10 chromosomes. Most of these genes exhibited varied tissue-specific expression patterns assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression profiles of the CaLAX and CaPIN genes under various abiotic stresses (salt, drought, and cold), exogenous phytohormones (IAA, 6-BA, ABA, SA, and MeJA), and polar auxin transport inhibitor treatments were evaluated. Most CaLAX and CaPIN genes were altered by abiotic stress at the transcriptional level in both shoots and roots, and many CaLAX and CaPIN genes were regulated by exogenous phytohormones. Our study helps to identify candidate auxin transporter genes and to further analyse their biological functions in pepper development and in its adaptation to environmental stresses.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of NADPH oxidase genes in response to ABA and abiotic stresses, and in fibre formation in Gossypium

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaofeng Zhang ◽  
Caimeng Yue ◽  
Tingting Lu ◽  
Lirong Sun ◽  
Fushun Hao
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Fiber Formation ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Fibre Formation ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms ◽  
Respiratory Burst Oxidase

Plasma membrane NADPH oxidases, also named respiratory burst oxidase homologues (Rbohs), play pivotal roles in many aspects of growth and development, as well as in responses to hormone signalings and various biotic and abiotic stresses. Although Rbohs family members have been identified in several plants, little is known about Rbohs in Gossypium. In this report, we characterized 13, 13, 26 and 19 Rbohs in G. arboretum, G. raimondii, G. hirsutum and G. barbadense, respectively. These Rbohs were conservative in physical properties, structures of genes and motifs. The expansion and evolution of the Rbohs dominantly depended on segmental duplication, and were under the purifying selection. Transcription analyses showed that GhRbohs were expressed in various tissues, and most GhRbohs were highly expressed in flowers. Moreover, different GhRbohs had very diverse expression patterns in response to ABA, high salinity, osmotic stress and heat stress. Some GhRbohs were preferentially and specifically expressed during ovule growth and fiber formation. These results suggest that GhRbohs may serve highly differential roles in mediating ABA signaling, in acclimation to environmental stimuli, and in fiber growth and development. Our findings are valuable for further elucidating the functions and regulation mechanisms of the Rbohs in adaptation to diverse stresses, and in growth and development in Gossypium.

scholarly journals Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Yang ◽  
Juanjuan Li ◽  
Faisal Islam ◽  
Luyang Hu ◽  
Jiansu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses

Abstract Background: WRKY transcription factors play important roles in various physiological processes and stress responses in flowering plants. However, the information about WRKY genes in Helianthus annuus L. (common sunflower) is limited. Results: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified and renamed according to their locations on chromosomes. Further phylogenetic analyses classified them into four main groups including a species-specific WKKY group and HaWRKY genes within same group or subgroup generally showed similar exon-intron structures and motif compositions. The tandem and segmental duplication possibly contributed to the diversity and expansion of HaWRKY gene families. Synteny analyses of sunflower WRKY genes provided deep insight to the evolution of HaWRKY genes. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses of HaWRKY genes displayed distinct expression patterns in different plant tissues, as well as under various abiotic and biotic stresses. Conclusions: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified from H. annuus L. and classified into four groups. Structures of HaWRKY proteins and their evolutionary characteristics were also investigated. The characterization of HaWRKY genes and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses in this study provide a foundation for further functional analyses of these genes. Therefore, these functional genes related to increasing the plant tolerance or improving the crop quality, could be applied for the crop improvement..

scholarly journals A genome-wide analysis of the cellulose synthase-like (Csl) gene family in maize (Zea mays)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongkai Li ◽  
Xiaojie Cheng ◽  
Yaqin Fu ◽  
Qinqin Wu ◽  
Yuli Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Evolutionary Features ◽  
Different Tissues

Cell walls play an important role in the structure and morphology of plants as well as stress response, including various biotic and abiotic stresses. Although the comprehensive analysis of genes involved in cellulose synthase have been performed in model plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice, information regarding cellulose synthase-like (Csl) genes in maize is extremely limited. In this study, a total of 56 members of Csl gene family were identified in maize genome, which were classified into six subfamilies. Analysis of gene structure and conserved motif indicated functional similarities among the ZmCsl proteins within the same subfamily. Additionally, the 56 ZmCsl genes were dispersed on 10 chromosomes. The expression patterns of ZmCsl genes in different tissues using the transcriptome data revealed that most of ZmCsl genes had a relatively high expression in root and tassel tissues. Moreover, the expression profiles of ZmCsl genes under drought and re-watering indicated that the expression of ZmCsl genes were mainly responsive to early stage of drought stress. The protein-protein interaction network of ZmCsl genes proposed some potential interacted proteins. The data presented a comprehensive survey of Csl gene family in maize. The detailed description of maize Csl genes will be beneficial to understand their structural, functional, and evolutionary features. Importantly, we have described the differential expression profiles of these members across different tissues and under drought. This information will provide an important foundation for studying the roles of these ZmCsl genes in response to biotic and abiotic stresses.

scholarly journals Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Yang ◽  
Juanjuan Li ◽  
Faisal Islam ◽  
Luyang Hu ◽  
Jiansu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses

Abstract Background: WRKY transcription factors play important roles in various physiological processes and stress responses in flowering plants. However, the information about WRKY genes in Helianthus annuus L. (common sunflower) is limited. Results: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified and renamed according to their locations on chromosomes. Further phylogenetic analyses classified them into four main groups including a species-specific WKKY group and HaWRKY genes within same group or subgroup generally showed similar exon-intron structures and motif compositions. The tandem and segmental duplication possibly contributed to the diversity and expansion of HaWRKY gene families. Synteny analyses of sunflower WRKY genes provided deep insight to the evolution of HaWRKY genes. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses of HaWRKY genes displayed distinct expression patterns in different plant tissues, as well as under various abiotic and biotic stresses. Conclusions: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified from H. annuus L. and classified into four groups. Structures of HaWRKY proteins and their evolutionary characteristics were also investigated. The characterization of HaWRKY genes and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses in this study provide a foundation for further functional analyses of these genes and will be beneficial to crop improvement.

scholarly journals Defining the function of SUMO system in pod development and abiotic stresses in Peanut

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyang Liu ◽  
Jiao Zhu ◽  
Sheng Sun ◽  
Feng Cui ◽  
Yan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Core Components ◽  
Arachis Duranensis ◽  
New Strategies

Abstract Background Posttranslational modification of proteins by small ubiquitin like modifier (SUMO) proteins play an important role during the developmental process and in response to abiotic stresses in plants. However, little is known about SUMOylation in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), one of the world’s major food legume crops. In this study, we characterized the SUMOylation system from the diploid progenitor genomes of peanut, Arachis duranensis (AA) and Arachis ipaensis (BB). Results Genome-wide analysis revealed the presence of 40 SUMO system genes in A. duranensis and A. ipaensis. Our results showed that peanut also encodes a novel class II isotype of the SCE1, which was previously reported to be uniquely present in cereals. RNA-seq data showed that the core components of the SUMOylation cascade SUMO1/2 and SCE1 genes exhibited pod-specific expression patterns, implying coordinated regulation during pod development. Furthermore, both transcripts and conjugate profiles revealed that SUMOylation has significant roles during the pod development. Moreover, dynamic changes in the SUMO conjugates were observed in response to abiotic stresses. Conclusions The identification and organization of peanut SUMO system revealed SUMOylation has important roles during stress defense and pod development. The present study will serve as a resource for providing new strategies to enhance agronomic yield and reveal the mechanism of peanut pod development.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of an atypical LEA gene (IpLEA) from Ipomoea pes-caprae conferring salt/drought and oxidative stress tolerance

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiexuan Zheng ◽  
Huaxiang Su ◽  
Ruoyi Lin ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Kuaifei Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Oxidative Stress Tolerance ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Abstract Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins belong to a large family that exists widely in plants and is mainly involved in desiccation processes during plant development or in the response to abiotic stresses. Here, we reported on an atypical LEA gene (IpLEA) related to salt tolerance from Ipomoea pes-caprae L. (Convolvulaceae). Sequence analysis revealed that IpLEA belongs to the LEA_2 (PF03168) group. IpLEA was shown to have a cytoplasmic localization pattern. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis showed that IpLEA was widely expressed in different organs of the I. pes-caprae plants, and the expression levels increased following salt, osmotic, oxidative, freezing, and abscisic acid treatments. Analysis of the 1,495 bp promoter of IpLEA identified distinct cis-acting regulatory elements involved in abiotic stress. Induction of IpLEA improved Escherichia coli growth performance compared with the control under abiotic stresses. To further assess the function of IpLEA in plants, transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing IpLEA were generated. The IpLEA-overexpressing Arabidopsis seedlings and adult plants showed higher tolerance to salt and drought stress than the wild-type. The transgenic plants also showed higher oxidative stress tolerance than the wild-type Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the expression patterns of a series of stress-responsive genes were affected. The results indicate that IpLEA is involved in the plant response to salt and drought, probably by mediating water homeostasis or by acting as a reactive oxygen species scavenger, thereby influencing physiological processes under various abiotic stresses in microorganisms and plants.

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