The incidence of bacterial blights of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in East Gippsland, Victoria

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (91) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
DLS Wimalajeewa ◽  
RJ Nancarrow
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
French Beans ◽  
Halo Blight ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The incidence of common blight, halo blight and brown spot on French beans was surveyed in the Bairnsdale-Lindenow and Orbost areas in East Gippsland during the 1975-76 and 1976-77 growing seasons. Common blight and halo blight were severe only during late January to March, and occurred largely on mature crops. Common blight was the more severe disease in the Orbost area whereas halo blight was more severe in the Bairnsdale-Lindenow area. Brown spot occurred throughout the season on crops of all ages in both areas but was more severe in the Bairnsdale-Lindenow area. The relationship of weather to the incidence of bacterial blights in the two areas is discussed. It is inferred that losses due to common blight and halo blight could be considerably minimized by timing the planting of crops to harvest them by mid-February.

scholarly journals Diabetes and COVID19: a bidirectional relationship

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit Unnikrishnan ◽  
Anoop Misra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Care ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Respiratory Involvement ◽  
Pancreatic Damage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Onset

AbstractThe advent and rapid spread of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID19) pandemic across the world has focused attention on the relationship of commonly occurring comorbidities such as diabetes on the course and outcomes of this infection. While diabetes does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of COVID19 infection per se, it has been clearly demonstrated that the presence of hyperglycemia of any degree predisposes to worse outcomes, such as more severe respiratory involvement, ICU admissions, need for mechanical ventilation and mortality. Further, COVID19 infection has been associated with the development of new-onset hyperglycemia and diabetes, and worsening of glycemic control in pre-existing diabetes, due to direct pancreatic damage by the virus, body’s stress response to infection (including cytokine storm) and use of diabetogenic drugs such as corticosteroids in the treatment of severe COVID19. In addition, public health measures taken to flatten the pandemic curve (such as lockdowns) can also adversely impact persons with diabetes by limiting their access to clinical care, healthy diet, and opportunities to exercise. Most antidiabetic medications can continue to be used in patients with mild COVID19 but switching over to insulin is preferred in severe disease.

scholarly journals Diabetes and COVID19: a bidirectional relationship

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit Unnikrishnan ◽  
Anoop Misra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Care ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Respiratory Involvement ◽  
Pancreatic Damage ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Onset

AbstractThe advent and rapid spread of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID19) pandemic across the world has focused attention on the relationship of commonly occurring comorbidities such as diabetes on the course and outcomes of this infection. While diabetes does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of COVID19 infection per se, it has been clearly demonstrated that the presence of hyperglycemia of any degree predisposes to worse outcomes, such as more severe respiratory involvement, ICU admissions, need for mechanical ventilation and mortality. Further, COVID19 infection has been associated with the development of new-onset hyperglycemia and diabetes, and worsening of glycemic control in pre-existing diabetes, due to direct pancreatic damage by the virus, body’s stress response to infection (including cytokine storm) and use of diabetogenic drugs such as corticosteroids in the treatment of severe COVID19. In addition, public health measures taken to flatten the pandemic curve (such as lockdowns) can also adversely impact persons with diabetes by limiting their access to clinical care, healthy diet, and opportunities to exercise. Most antidiabetic medications can continue to be used in patients with mild COVID19 but switching over to insulin is preferred in severe disease.

scholarly journals Pre-anthesis development of winter wheat and barley and relationships with grain yield

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 310-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosavljevic Milan ◽  
Momcolovic Vojislava ◽  
Maksimovic Ivana ◽  
Putnik-Delic Marina ◽  
Pržulj Novo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Appearance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to improve understanding of (1) the effect of genotypic and environmental factors on pre-anthesis development and leaf appearance traits of barley and wheat; (2) the relationship of these factors with grain yield, and (3) the differences between these two crops across different environments/sowing dates. Therefore, trials with six two-row winter barley and six winter wheat cultivars were carried out in two successive growing seasons on four sowing dates. Our study showed that the observed traits varied between species, cultivars and sowing dates. In both growing seasons, biomass at anthesis and grain yield declined almost linearly by delaying the sowing date. There was no clear advantage in grain yield of wheat over barley under conditions of later sowing dates. Generally, barley produced more leaf and had shorter phyllochron than wheat. Both wheat and barley showed a similar relationship between grain yield and different pre-anthesis traits.

Relationship of leaf parameters with genetic ozone insensitivity in selected Phaseolus vulgaris cultivars

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2187-2191 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hucl ◽  
W. D. Beversdorf ◽  
B. D. McKersie
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Foliar Injury ◽  
Stomatal Frequency ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Ozone Sensitivity ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Leaf Parameters

The relationship of ozone-induced foliar injury (ozone sensitivity) with several leaf characteristics including stomatal frequency, stomatal closure in the presence of ozone (O3), and trichome densities (abaxial and adaxial) was evaluated for a diverse group of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivars. Differences were observed among cultivars for ozone sensitivity and leaf parameters including stomatal frequency, trichome density, and stomatal closure in the presence of O3. Although significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences among the cultivars for stomatal frequency and trichome densities existed, no consistent pattern between insensitive and sensitive cultivars was observed. Ozone-sensitive genotypes responded to 40 parts per hundred million O3 with similar or greater stomatal closure than the more insensitive genotypes, indicating that stomatal closure was not a primary mechanism for O3 insensitivity among the cultivars evaluated.

Estimation of sugar beet biomass and yield comparing NDVI measurements and physical soil parameters

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Koç Mehmet Tuğrul
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderate Positive Correlation

This study was conducted to estimate the relationship of soil sample analysis and satellite imagery with sugar beet yield (BY). The red NDVI obtained monthly from Landsat OLI satellite images during the 2017 and 2018 sugar beet growing seasons were used to establish relationships between imagery and georeferenced soil sample analyses and sugar beet harvest sites. The study was carried out in the field of Sugar Institute Ilgın Experiment Station, Turkey, in 2017 and 2018. Soil samples were obtained in a 0.4 ha grid, and sugar beet yield and recoverable sugar yield (RSY) were obtained from the same sampling areas. The results showed that there were relationships between some soil analysis factors and BY and beet quality. The overall results showed that the amount of clay, electric conductivity (EC), and organic matter in the field might be indicators of BY and beet quality. A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was also obtained between NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) images and BY and RSY values in all images obtained by satellite near the harvest date.

Influence of storage temperatures on the protein content of french beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
Satish Kumar Gupta ◽  
T. C. Mittal ◽  
S. R. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Low Density ◽  
French Beans ◽  
Low Temperature Storage ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Quick Freezing ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Storage Temperatures

A preliminary study was conducted where mature french beans (<italic>Phaseolus vulgaris</italic> L) of ‘<italic>Falguni</italic>’ variety, were collected from small holder farmers in 2 growing seasons and data was collected with a view to know the effect of storage for prediction of the relationship between storage conditions, physical and nutritional quality under low density polythene bag, high density polythene bag and laminated aluminium packaging. The individual quick freezing of the French beans was done. Half of the samples were packed separately and placed in refrigerater at -18°C for two hours. while the other half was stored in deep freezer at -20°C and observations made for 4 months. It was observed that the higher the temperature, the higher the weight loss although the loss was higher in low density polythene bags in all the storage temperatures. There was a slower loss of protein content in samples stored in Laminated aluminium polythene bags; however, the samples stored in both temperatures had the greatest loss by 4<sup>th</sup> month. The results show that packaging in laminated aluminium polythene bags has to becoupled with low temperature storage in order to receive a desirable shelf life.

Seed vigour in cultivars of dwarf French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in relation to the colour of the testa

1986 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison A. Powell ◽  
M. De A. Oliveira ◽  
S. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Weight Increase ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
French Beans ◽  
Ready Access ◽  
Field Emergence ◽  
Extent Of Damage ◽  
Testa Colour

SUMMARYDifferences in the field emergence of 30 commercial seed lots of dwarf French beans were associated with the colour of the testa, the 11 lots with a white testa having a lower mean field emergence of 67% compared with 91% for lots with black (11 lots) or brown (8 lots) testae. The white-seeded lots also had higher leachate conductivities (mean 42 μ S/cm/g) and imbibed more rapidly (an average 43% weight increase after 6 h imbibition) than black- or brown-seeded lots (average 25 μS/cm/g; 30% weight increase). The extent of damage to the testa which was slight in all lots was not related to differences in either the field emergence or rate of imbibition of the lots. In two successive imbibition cycles seeds of Provider (brown testae) took up water far more rapidly in the second imbibition (78% weight increase after 3 h) than the first (25% weight increase). The coloured testae normally adhere very tightly to the cotyledons but were loosened following the first imbibition leading to a more rapid uptake of water. The rapid imbibition of Tenderette (white testae) which has a loose fitting testa even in the dry seed was increased only slightly by a second imbibition. When seeds were imbibed from one end only from which the testa was removed Tenderette imbibed rapidly (90% weight increase after 12 h) whereas in Provider the tightly adhering testa limited the rate of water uptake (42% weight increase after 12 h) despite the ready access of water to the seed. It is suggested that the degree of adherence of the testa to the cotyledons is the major factor influencing the rate of imbibition of cultivars of dwarf French beans differing in testa colour and its role in determining seed vigour is discussed.

Grading Ponderosa Pine Seedlings for Outplanting According to their Root Volume1

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Rose ◽  
John Gleason ◽  
Mary Atkinson ◽  
Tom Sabin
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In probably one of the first studies of its kind, three different seed sources of 2 + 0 ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) seedlings were graded on the basis of three root-volume categories (< 4.5, 4.5-7, and > 7 cm³) and out-planted to determine differences in survival and growth over 1 and 2 growing seasons, examine the relationship of seedling field height to nursery root volume, total fresh weight, diameter, and height over the same period, and observe differences in nutrient uptake by seedlings among the three categories over 174 days in the field. Seedling survival was good over the two growing seasons. Seedlings graded to the largest root-volume category were significantly taller and grew significantly more than those in the two smaller categories over the 2 years. Nitrogen and potassium contents decreased over the growing season, those seedlings with larger root volumes showing the greatest decrease. The results suggest that root volume has potential as a useful criterion for grading seedlings. West. J. Appl. For. 6(1):11-15.

scholarly journals Differential Cytokine Signatures of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Infection Highlight Key Differences in Pathobiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Karaba ◽  
Weiqiang Zhou ◽  
Leon L. Hsieh ◽  
Alexis Figueroa ◽  
Guido Massaccesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Severe Influenza ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTBackgroundSeveral inflammatory cytokines are upregulated in severe COVID-19. We compared cytokines in COVID-19 versus influenza in order to define differentiating features of the inflammatory response to these pathogens and their association with severe disease. Because elevated body mass index (BMI) is a known risk factor for severe COVID-19, we examined the relationship of BMI to cytokines associated with severe disease.MethodsThirty-seven cytokines and chemokines were measured in plasma from 145 patients with COVID-19, 57 patients with influenza, and 30 healthy controls. Controlling for BMI, age, and sex, differences in cytokines between groups were determined by linear regression and random forest prediction was utilized to determine the cytokines most important in distinguishing severe COVID-19 and influenza. Mediation analysis was utilized to identify cytokines that mediate the effect of BMI on disease severity.ResultsIL-18, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly increased in COVID-19 versus influenza patients while GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IFN-λ1, IL-10, IL-15, and MCP-2 were significantly elevated in the influenza group. In subgroup analysis based on disease severity, IL-18, IL-6, and TNF-α were elevated in severe COVID-19, but not severe influenza. Random forest analysis identified high IL-6 and low IFN-λ1 levels as the most distinct between severe COVID-19 and severe influenza. Finally, IL-1RA was identified as a potential mediator of the effects of BMI on COVID-19 severity.ConclusionsThese findings point to activation of fundamentally different innate immune pathways in SARS-CoV-2 and influenza infection, and emphasize drivers of severe COVID-19 to focus both mechanistic and therapeutic investigations.SummarySevere COVID-19 is marked by dysregulated inflammation and is associated with elevated BMI. By comparing cytokines and chemokines in patients with either COVID-19 or influenza, we identified distinct inflammatory pathways and a cytokine mediator of the effect of BMI.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF RUMEN CATIONS AND SOLUBLE PROTEIN WITH PREDISPOSITION OF CATTLE TO ALFALFA BLOAT

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. HALL ◽  
W. MAJAK ◽  
A. L. VAN RYSWYK ◽  
C. M. KALNIN ◽  
R. E. HOWARTH
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Colloidal Aggregation ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Monovalent Ions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Rumen-fistulated cattle were fed fresh alfalfa herbage daily during two growing seasons. Samples of rumen fluid were collected daily prior to feeding and the frothiness of the rumen fluid was assessed. Concentrations of soluble protein nitrogen in the rumen fluid were higher in animals that subsequently bloated than in those that did not (P < 0.01). There was no relation between soluble protein nitrogen and the occurrence of foam in the rumen prior to feeding. The concentrations of Na and K in the rumen fluid were negatively correlated. Bloat was associated with a low concentration of Na and a high concentration of K (P < 0.01). Concentrations of Ca and Mg were lower than those of the two monovalent ions but were also positively associated with bloat (P < 0.01). The high concentration of chlorophyll associated with a predisposition to bloat may be the result of a colloidal aggregation of chloroplast particles stabilized by cations. Key words: Pasture bloat, alfalfa, chlorophyll, ions, cattle

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