scholarly journals Working Knowledge: characterising collective indigenous, scientific, and local knowledge about the ecology, hydrology and geomorphology of Oriners Station, Cape York Peninsula, Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Barber ◽  
S. Jackson ◽  
J. Shellberg ◽  
V. Sinnamon
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Local Case ◽  
Indigenous Land Management ◽  
Cape York ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Integration Project

The term, Working Knowledge, is introduced to describe the content of a local cross-cultural knowledge recovery and integration project focussed on the indigenous-owned Oriners pastoral lease near Kowanyama on the Cape York Peninsula, Queensland. Social and biophysical scientific researchers collaborated with indigenous people, non-indigenous pastoralists, and an indigenous natural resource management (NRM) agency to record key ecological, hydrological and geomorphological features of this intermittently occupied and environmentally valuable ‘flooded forest’ country. Working Knowledge was developed in preference to ‘local’ and/or ‘indigenous’ knowledge because it collectively describes the contexts in which the knowledge was obtained (through pastoral, indigenous, NRM, and scientific labour), the diverse backgrounds of the project participants, the provisional and utilitarian quality of the collated knowledge, and the focus on aiding adaptive management. Key examples and epistemological themes emerging from the knowledge recovery research, as well as preliminary integrative models of important hydro-ecological processes, are presented. Changing land tenure and economic regimes on surrounding cattle stations make this study regionally significant but the Working Knowledge concept is also useful in analysing the knowledge base used by the wider contemporary indigenous land management sector. Employees in this expanding, largely externally funded, and increasingly formalised sector draw on a range of knowledge in making operational decisions – indigenous, scientific, NRM, bureaucratic and knowledge learned in pastoral and other enterprises. Although this shared base is often a source of strength, important aspects or precepts of particular component knowledges must necessarily be deprioritised, compromised, or even elided in everyday NRM operations constrained by particular management logics, priorities and funding sources. Working Knowledge accurately characterised a local case study, but also invites further analysis of the contemporary indigenous NRM knowledge base and its relationship to the individual precepts and requirements of the indigenous, scientific, local and other knowledges which respectively inform it.

Factors associated with successful return to work in young heart failure and ischaemic heart disease patients following index hospital admission

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
HV Thakkar ◽  
L Hollingsworth ◽  
JA Enright ◽  
S Sanderson ◽  
RJ Macfadyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Decompensated Heart Failure ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
P Value ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Factors influencing return to remunerated work following an acute cardiac illness are poorly defined. We wished to compare the factors in our cohorts following first presentation of acute coronary syndrome(ACS) and decompensated heart failure(HF). Methods Prospectively identified subjects, aged 18-65years, from a rehabilitation population for ACS and HF during 2018-2019 underwent a survey. Results Of 133cases meeting inclusion criteria, 84 completed the survey(41 HF, 80% male, mean age 55years; 43 ACS, 86% male, mean age 57years). Socio-economic indexes for Areas(SIEFA) index were similar for HF(900) & ACS(909) groups, which represents 11th and 14th percentile for Australia respectively. Cardiovascular risk factors were similar except hypercholesterolemia(37% v 60%; p = 0.029) was more common in ACS. Many subjects did not continue beyond Yr12, (54% HF v 30% ACS; p = 0.029). A majority of ACS cases returned to work as compared with HF(70% v 44%; p = 0.017)(Figure). On multivariate analysis, male gender[p = 0.031;OR 13.71 (1.28-147.36)]; access to financial benefits[p < 0.001;OR 22.75 (4.31-119.99)] and a desire to return to work [p = 0.014;OR 12.1 (1.67-87.82)] were associated with successful return to work (Table). Limitations Our study has small numbers so will be difficult to generalise to a wider population. We do show a signal towards the complex interplay of the social and individual factors in determining return to work. Further larger studies are required to tease out the differences between the individual factors to help predict return to work in the Australian context. Conclusion Successful return to work for patients with first presentation of ACS or HF could not be reliably predicted. Patients with ACS returned to work more often than HF. In HF patients who do n to return to work, recurrent symptoms, individual motivation, social support and access to financial benefits have a complex interplay. Predictors of return to work Predictor P value OR (95% CI) Diagnosis (heart failure) 0.095 0.29 (0.07, 1.24) Gender (male) 0.031 13.71 (1.28, 147.36) Access to benefit (none) <0.001 22.75 (4.31, 119.99) Desire to RTW (yes) 0.014 12.1 (1.67, 87.82) Abstract Figure. Rates of return to work in the 2 groups

Monitored Lives: Writing Indigenous Land Management and the State (Part One)

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Jim Birckhead
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Contract Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Indigenous Land Management ◽  
Expert Input ◽  
Management Issues ◽  
Indigenous Land

Anthropologists in Australia are becoming increasingly involved in government contract work on Indigenous land tenure and management issues, most of which require some ‘expert’ input to help authenticate cultural identity and establish connection to ‘country’. In this paper I have reviewed some issues and themes drawn from my uneven and serendipitous work as an anthropologist. This work has been done as both an academic and practitioner, over the past couple of decades on Indigenous land tenure, hunting, management, and ranger training at this dynamic and contentious interface between Indigenous cultural processes and government agencies. My aim is to raise questions of both ethics and epistemology and to reflect on the work of the anthropologist in these domains, without attempting to systematically cover all of the possible issues.

scholarly journals Prozodia, semantyka, styl – o hierarchii poziomów ekwiwalencji w tłumaczeniu piosenki kabaretowej (studium przypadku: polskojęzyczne warianty Money… Freda Ebba)

LingVaria ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2(32)) ◽  
pp. 119-129
Author(s):  
Aneta Wysocka
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Text Organization ◽  
Cabaret Songs ◽  
Similar Images ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Pragmatic Equivalence

Prosody, Semantics and Style. On the Hierarchy of Levels of Equivalence in the Translation of Cabaret Songs (Case Study: Polish Versions of Fred Ebb's Money…) The article is a case study and contains a comparative analysis of four variants of the Polish translation of Fred Ebb and John Kander’s song Money… from the musical “Cabaret”. The author of the translation is Wojciech Młynarski, one of the most respected Polish songwriters of the second half of the twentieth century. In the study, an assumption is made that Młynarski, who repeatedly changed versions of his translation, sought to create the most faithful rendition of the songs from the musical for the needs of the Polish stage. His efforts can be observed at four levels of text organization. The translator aimed mainly for sound equivalence, i.e. conformity with the original song in terms of rhythm (word stress), rhyme (consonance) and voice instrumentation and, to a lesser extent, sound imitation. He also cared about pragmatic equivalence by rendering into Polish the original intentions, with particular emphasis on the modes of indirect communication, such as irony and satire. However, other aspects of equivalence remained in the background. Not everywhere the translator managed to keep the cognitive equivalence, i.e. convergence of imagery, by translating scenes and scenarios that were part of cultural knowledge into parallel ones and, more broadly, by trying to evoke similar images in the mind of the reader and listener. His efforts to achieve the effect of broadly understood stylistic equivalence were also noteworthy; only to a small extent they consisted in giving the right stylistic coloring to the individual lexical items which had their English equivalents, and they mainly boiled down to translating stylistic games that did not necessarily cover the same fragments of the song, though were usually based on the same mechanism (a clash between low and high style, absurdity). The analysis shows that the translator adopted tabular rather than linear approach to the original.

scholarly journals LANGUAGE AND CULTURE: DYAD AND UNITY

2013 ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
A. L. Semenov ◽  
V. I. Ershov ◽  
D. A. Gusarov
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Honorary Doctor ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior

This paper deals with the concept of the translation approach to the problem of interaction of language and culture in terms of determination of the translation solutions by linguoethnic factors. The authors pay main attention to the analysis of the notion of culture. The concept proceeds from the views and opinions regarding the culture and its role in shaping the identity of the person introduced by the honorary doctor (doctor honoris cause) of the MGIMO-University Federico Major in his book «New page». Sharing the point of view of F. Major , the authors come to the conclusion that culture is a knowledge, based on which an individual perceives and evaluates his performance and behavior. Projecting such a position on the verbal behavior, the authors highlight the leading role of culture in the process of producing a speech act played when choosing the individual models of behavior on the basis of the knowledge of the communicative situation. Based on F. Mayor`s opinion that culture unites rather than divides people, the authors note the presence of universal and unique linguoethnic elements in the cultural knowledge of the representatives of various ethnic groups which determine the degree of similarities and differences in the ways of expressing knowledge in different languages. In this paper the authors reasonably use the term «linguoethnic» to describe the cultural-cognitive peculiarities inherent to individuals as representatives of different ethnic groups, as well as give comparison of the terms «linguoethnic» and «linguocultural».

Land Control in Kenya

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Coldham
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Land Market ◽  
Nineteen Fifties ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Class A ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Land Control

As the land adjudication and consolidation programme made progress in the Kikuyu Land Unit in the middle of the nineteen-fifties, it became clear that the traditional system of land tenure would have to be replaced by a system based on the registration of individual titles. Customary law was seen as an obstacle to agricultural development. Customary rules of inheritance could destroy the benefits of land consolidation. Moreover, the individual farmer had little incentive to develop his holding under customary arrangements. This point of view was illustrated by the Swynnerton Plan which proposed that “the African farmer … be provided with such security of tenure through an indefeasible title as will encourage him to invest his labour and profits into the development of his farm and as will enable him to offer it as security against financial credits”. Swynnerton hoped that the security of title conferred by registration would create a land market enabling fanners owning unviable plots or unworkable fragments to sell them off to neighbours who would be in a position to develop them more effectively. In this way “… energetic or rich Africans will be able to acquire more land and bad or poor farmers less, creating a landed and a landless class”, a process which he calls “a normal step in the evolution of a country”.

Dynamics of Consumer-Resource Systems

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
André M. de Roos ◽  
Lennart Persson
Keyword(s):  
Model Organism ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Population Cycles ◽  
Food Density ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Resource Dynamics ◽  
Cladoceran Zooplankton ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Consumer Resource

This chapter focuses on consumer-resource dynamics in systems where consumers of different sizes compete for a shared resource. It considers the implications of three important aspects of consumer life history: the explicit handling of a juvenile period leading to a delay between the time when an individual is born to when it starts to reproduce; the rate by which individual ecological processes scale with body size; and whether the rate by which the individual grows is dependent on food density or not. The chapter examines the effects of different resource growth dynamics to illustrate the fundamental differences between population cycles driven by interactions between individuals of different sizes, and classical predator–prey cycles driven by interactions between the consumer and the resource, also referred to as paradox of enrichment cycles. It also discusses experiments with the model organism, the cladoceran zooplankton Daphnia, to elucidate our current understanding of cycles driven by cohort interactions in this organism.

Drought relief schemes for the 'Pastoral Zone'.

1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
IB Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Primary Industry ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Consensus View ◽  
Spatial Diversification ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

In this article I have attempted to firstly provide a consensus view of graziers to sound drought strategies; secondly, outline Government policies or action directed towards assisting graziers affected by drought; and finally, address the subject of drought policy as it relates to conservation of the rangeland resource. Drought strategies discussed include pre-drought (e.g. fodder reserves, conservative stocking), longer term (e.g. increasing property size, spatial diversification of grazing blocks) and in-drought (e.g. reduce stock numbers early in drought). Grounds for Government intervention and aid for drought affected producers are analysed with regard to both the individual farmer's needs and the impact nationally of low return from a drought-affected primary industry. Aspects discussed include provision of better infrastructure (e.g, new roads), taxation concessions, a National Drought Fodder Reserve, land tenure policy, the Rural Adjust- ment Scheme and credit and freight concessions. From the conservation viewpoint, it is pointed out that officially declared 'droughts' occur too frequently and there are no incentives for graziers to either act early before a drought becomes firmly established or to delay re-stocking after the drought has broken. It is concluded that a balance between in-drought assistance and long term assistance needs to be struck, and that drought policies should be directed towards 'good' management strategies. If this can be achieved then primary producers should be less dependent on relief schemes.

scholarly journals Connections between masserie and historical roads system in Apulia

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia P. Caliandro ◽  
Rosa V. Loisi ◽  
Pasquale Dal Sasso
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Mutual Distance ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Rural Buildings ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Integrated Recovery ◽  
The Individual

A precise category of Apulian farmsteads, known as <em>masserie</em>, is a significant example of rural buildings featuring relevant architectural and landscape characteristics. Their territorial distribution is diversified and often depend on the close relationship between the building and its adjacent agricultural lot. Moreover, owing to their specific role in overseeing the territory and asserting land tenure rights, Apulian <em>masserie</em> distribution may have genetic origins influenced by other elements, too. The aim of this work is to investigate the existing relationships between <em>masserie</em> and historic roads crossing the Apulia region (Roman roads and sheep’s paths called <em>tratturi</em>), considering both their mutual distance and the individual rural buildings importance. Overlay mapping procedures allow to quantify the amount of <em>masserie</em> falling within the catchment areas of the aforementioned historical roads, while historical and territorial in-depth analysis helped to identify those elements characterising the most interesting <em>masserie</em> from cultural and architectural points of view. The research provided interesting qualitative and quantitative information on the existing relations between these assets, leading to further considerations on the possibility to enhance them through the promotion of their integrated recovery.

The Manifestation of Climate Injustices: The Post-Hurricane Irma Conflicts Surrounding Barbuda’s Communal Land Tenure

2019 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 1940002 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Karen Baptiste ◽  
Hubert Devonish
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Alternative Funding ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Communal Land ◽  
Foreign Tourism ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hurricane Irma

Hurricane Irma caused significant destruction to the Caribbean during the 2017 Atlantic Hurricane season. In its aftermath, many of these Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are left with the dilemma of seeking ways to rebuild in some cases entire nation states. Using the case study of Antigua and Barbuda, where Barbuda was the first Caribbean island to receive a direct hit from Hurricane Irma, the paper begins to explore the ways in which the global system of exploitation of SIDS exacerbates internal historical conflicts which is a manifestation of climate injustices. Specifically, the Barbudans’ relative privilege in having inherited communal land rights have become, for the government, the barrier standing in the way of the only alternative funding sources for reconstruction, foreign tourism investment. Using the theoretical underpinnings of climate justice, we argue that the causers of climate change, who are generally the inheritors of the historic colonization, exploitation and impoverishment of these states, will effectively benefit from the intensity of Hurricane Irma, given that they will eventually get access to Barbudan land if the communal land rights are revoked.

Spatial diffusion modelling of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) shows ontogenetic increase in movement rates

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Foldvik ◽  
S. Einum ◽  
A.G. Finstad
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Diffusion Models ◽  
Ontogenetic Changes ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The Individual

For organisms with extensive ontogenetic changes in phenotypes, knowledge of how movement of individuals changes throughout life is pivotal to understanding ecological processes. Here, we study the spatial distribution of a cohort of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from hatching to their third summer of juvenile life, during which they go through a fourfold change in body size. The fish originated from three distinct breeding sites, and their distribution was mapped using electrofishing throughout the river at 10 sampling periods. The spatial distribution throughout ontogeny was analysed using diffusion models. The distribution changed from three distinct nonoverlapping distributions centred on the individual breeding sites at the early first summer stage to a single continuous distribution at the end of the study. The diffusion coefficient increased throughout ontogeny, and spatial distributions were well-described using diffusion models, explaining 46%–89% of the variation. This highlights the utility of diffusion models when considering spatial habitat structure both in conservation and research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document