scholarly journals Comparing crime rates between undocumented immigrants, legal immigrants, and native-born US citizens in Texas

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (51) ◽  
pp. 32340-32347
Author(s):  
Michael T. Light ◽  
Jingying He ◽  
Jason P. Robey
Keyword(s):  
Public Safety ◽  
Undocumented Immigrants ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Property Crimes ◽  
Texas Department ◽  
Legal Immigrants

We make use of uniquely comprehensive arrest data from the Texas Department of Public Safety to compare the criminality of undocumented immigrants to legal immigrants and native-born US citizens between 2012 and 2018. We find that undocumented immigrants have substantially lower crime rates than native-born citizens and legal immigrants across a range of felony offenses. Relative to undocumented immigrants, US-born citizens are over 2 times more likely to be arrested for violent crimes, 2.5 times more likely to be arrested for drug crimes, and over 4 times more likely to be arrested for property crimes. In addition, the proportion of arrests involving undocumented immigrants in Texas was relatively stable or decreasing over this period. The differences between US-born citizens and undocumented immigrants are robust to using alternative estimates of the broader undocumented population, alternate classifications of those counted as “undocumented” at arrest and substituting misdemeanors or convictions as measures of crime.

scholarly journals Do Immigrants Threaten US Public Safety?

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Orrenius ◽  
Madeline Zavodny
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Border Enforcement ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
Property Crimes ◽  
Unauthorized Immigrant ◽  
Legal Immigrants

Executive Summary Opponents of immigration often claim that immigrants, particularly those who are unauthorized, are more likely than US natives to commit crimes and that they pose a threat to public safety. There is little evidence to support these claims. In fact, research overwhelmingly indicates that immigrants are less likely than similar US natives to commit violent and property crimes, and that areas with more immigrants have similar or lower rates of violent and property crimes than areas with fewer immigrants. There are relatively few studies specifically of criminal behavior among unauthorized immigrants, but the limited research suggests that these immigrants also have a lower propensity to commit crime than their native-born peers, although possibly a higher propensity than legal immigrants. Evidence about legalization programs is consistent with these findings, indicating that a legalization program reduces crime rates. Meanwhile, increased border enforcement, which reduces unauthorized immigrant inflows, has mixed effects on crime rates. A legalization program or other similar initiatives not currently under serious consideration have more potential to improve public safety and security than several other policies that have recently been proposed or implemented.

scholarly journals Texas-Mexico Cross Border Truck Operations: Are Mexican NAFTA Trucks Unsafe?

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason West ◽  
Robert Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Public Safety ◽  
Border Crossings ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Texas Department ◽  
Vehicle Inspection ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Service Rates ◽  
The U.S

Texas Department of Public Safety (DPS) border safety inspection facilities (BSIF) have been in operation, in temporary and permanent forms, since 2001. This paper presents inspection results on trucks inspected at Texas BSIFs from 2003 to 2006, comprising over 326,000 vehicle inspection records. Analysis indicated that Mexico domiciled trucks have lower out-of-service rates than U.S. trucks at most Texas/Mexico border crossings. This finding is noteworthy since border (drayage) vehicles are older on average than typical Texas highway trucks and counters the opinion that trucks from Mexico are unsafe and therefore should not be allowed to enter the U.S.

The Math and Science of Decarceration

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Austin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
National Level ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Safety Concerns ◽  
Lengths Of Stay ◽  
Probation And Parole

Despite a growing consensus that “mass incarceration” in the United States has reached unacceptable levels, there has been little movement in its decline. National imprisonment rates seem to have stabilized and will remain so absent a major decarceration effort. To implement such a decarceration effort requires a strategic plan that will lower prison admissions and lengths of stay for all prisoners—especially those convicted of violent crimes. It will also need to reduce the more pervasive nature of other forms of correctional control (jails, probation, and parole). Such a strategy, which relies upon current and past policies, is entirely feasible. But to take hold on a national level, the plan must negate economic and public safety concerns that favor maintaining high imprisonment and correctional control rates.

scholarly journals La criminalité féminine au Canada selon les statistiques

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Joanna Brzezińska
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Statistical Data Analysis ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Canadian Woman ◽  
Property Crimes ◽  
Research Period ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

<p>The aim of this paper was to describe the phenomenon of woman’s crime in Canada from the perspective of statistical data analysis. For this reason, the statements regarding the frequency of the studied phenomenon in three research periods were presented: 1975–1981, 1984–1994 and 1999–2009. The Canadian woman perpetrators were found to have established categories of crimes (property crimes, violent crimes), the frequency of which has changed during the periods under investigation. In the context of the studies carried out, in particular, the phenomenon of the increase in the frequency of woman’s offences committed using violence, remains a matter of concern. This fact indicates an increase in the pathologization of their behaviours. Moreover, in the last research period (1999–2009) there were also new trends in the criminal activity of women – road traffic offences and offences involving drugs and narcotic drugs, however, their level was not high.</p>

Effect of the Work Zone Double-Fine Law in Texas

2000 ◽  
Vol 1715 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald L. Ullman ◽  
Paul J. Carlson ◽  
Nada D. Trout
Keyword(s):  
Public Safety ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Citation Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Texas Department ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Law ◽  
External Reasons

Results of research conducted to investigate the short-term effects of the double-fine law in work zones implemented in Texas on January 1, 1998, are presented. Field studies of traffic speeds in several work zones were performed before and after the law was implemented. Traffic citation data for these same work zones were also obtained from the Texas Department of Public Safety. Analyses showed that traffic speeds in the work zones 4 to 6 months after the law was enacted were essentially unchanged from before the law was enacted. Similarly, citation frequency and fines levied were not significantly higher than they were before enactment of the law. The data suggested that a higher proportion of drivers who were issued citations after the law was implemented chose to take defensive driving training and to have the ticket subsequently dismissed. However, researchers could not determine whether this was due to the increased fine or to other external reasons.

Crime index trends and patterns in Kelantan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Nurulhuda Muhamad ◽  
Zahayu Md Yusof ◽  
Masnita Misiran
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Property Crimes ◽  
The People ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crime Index

Crimes are a social nuisance and has become major anxiousness to the society where it involves the safety of the people in a country. This paper provides crime index overview in Kelantan from 2017 to 2019 that consists of both violent crimes and property crimes. The violent crimes involve murder, rape, robbery and voluntarily injury cases. Meanwhile, property crimes include house break-in theft, vehicles theft and other theft (pickpocketing, snatch theft and etc.). The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between age, gender, ethnic and district with the crime index. In addition, the objective is to identify and get better understanding of the most common crime index and also to identify which area has the highest crime index in Kelantan. A total of 5,569 cases were reported within this three-year period and the data were collected from Kelantan Contingent Police Headquarters. The descriptive analysis, spearman’ rho correlation and multiple regression analysis were performed, and the findings were then illustrated via graphs and tables. The major results have shown that Kota Bharu has the highest crime index and age, gender and district has significant relationship with crime index.

Race and Crime: International Data for 1989–1990

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Philippe Rushton
Keyword(s):  
International Crime ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Crime Statistics ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
Previous Evidence ◽  
Race And Crime ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
African Populations ◽  
International Data

The rate of murder, rape, and serious assault per 100,000 members of the population was tabulated for 76 countries from the 1989–1990 International Crime Statistics published by INTERPOL. Following previous research the countries were grouped into the three major populations of Asian, Caucasian, and African. Consistent with previous evidence the results showed that crime rates are highest for countries with predominantly African populations, lowest for those with predominantly Asian populations, and in-between for those with predominantly Caucasian populations. The 23 countries with predominantly African populations reported twice as high a rate for each type of crime as the 41 countries with predominantly Caucasian populations and over three times as high a rate as the 12 countries with predominantly Asian populations. Summing the crimes gives figures, respectively, of 240, 75, and 32 violent crimes per 100,000 population.

The Case For the Smarter Sentencing Act

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 298-301
Author(s):  
John G. Malcolm
Keyword(s):  
Public Safety ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Federal Prison ◽  
Drug Offenders ◽  
Significant Percentage ◽  
Low Level

Beginning in the 1980’s, Congress passed a series of “tough on crime” mandatory minimum sentences. While increased periods of incarceration contributed to reduced crime rates, the pendulum has swung too far. Mandatory minimum sentences designed for “kingpins” are often meted out to low level drug offenders, who occupy a significant percentage of the federal prison population. The Smarter Sentencing Act would, among other things, reduce the level of minimum sentences for some drug offenders without eliminating them, enabling judges to impose harsher sentences when warranted and freeing up prison space for offenders who pose a greater risk to public safety.

Deviance as a Method of Coping

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander B. Smith ◽  
Harriet Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Real World ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Violent Crimes ◽  
The Real ◽  
Property Crimes ◽  
The Law

A deviant person is one who does something we would not do. Thus defined, deviance is subjective. But not all deviant conduct is culturally relative. Acts malum in se such as rape, murder, and assault are almost universally considered to be crimes. Noncriminal deviance, however, frequently exists more in the eye of the beholder than in the real world. Deviant conduct may be divided into three categories: crime, sin, and poor taste. Crime refers to those acts which are objectively and measurably harmful to the community and which cannot be tolerated by any society that wishes to continue as a stable organism. Violent crimes against the person and serious property crimes fall into this category. Sin refers to those actions which were originally prohibited by the dominant religion or religions of the community and which at various times may have been incorporated into secular law. Prostitution, gambling, drug use, alcohol consumption, and obscenity are examples of conduct that does no measurable damage to an unwilling victim; when such conduct breaks the law, it is frequently referred to as victimless crime. Poor taste refers to a whole host of social practices which are unpleasant and abrasive and which may or may not be symbolic of conduct that society may wish to prohibit. Overt public sexual practices, peculiar methods of dress, and the wearing of unpopular political symbols all fall into this category. Most deviants recognize that their conduct is personally destructive and may be socially harmful as well. Yet they continue to deviate from the socially prescribed norms because this conduct enables them to cope with the stresses that a highly organized society imposes on their personalities. Many forms of deviant conduct are tension relievers. Some create a short-lived euphoria, and some are acts of rebellion against socially pre scribed norms impossible to reach. In coping with deviance society must first look at what the deviant is attempting to tell us through his conduct. If other ways of relieving stress can be provided for him, he can be persuaded to conform. If he cannot conform and his conduct is violent, we must physically restrain him; if he is nonconforming and nonviolent, we should let him alone.

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