Origins and conceptual analysis of the term ‘traductologie/translatology’

Babel ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Harris
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Object Categories ◽  
Text Types ◽  
Process Oriented ◽  
Object Level ◽  
English Equivalent ◽  
Academic Study

The term <i>traductologie</i> was coined in the early 1970s to correspond to the establishment of translation as a valid object of scientific and academic study. Its English equivalent is usually <i>translation studies</i> but sometimes translatology.<p>Traductologie has two conceptual levels: the metalevel of study and analysis and the object level of what is thus examined, namely translations and translating. Both levels are variegated. The metalevel can usefully be mapped into broad ‘paradigms’ or disciplinary approaches: literary, linguistic, semiotic, philosophical, historical, lexico-terminological, automated (MT), prescriptive and pedagogical, scientific-experimental, text and corpus oriented, process oriented, social etc. The object level is traditionally divided between written translation and oral translation (<i>interpretation</i>), and the former is often categorized by ‘text types’.<p>Permutations of the meta and object categories characterize different varieties of traductologie. When discoursing about it, one should be aware that a statement that is meaningful in one variety may be meaningless in another.<p>

scholarly journals Examining the Appropriateness of Reiss’s Functionalist-oriented Approach to Trancism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-567
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Abdi
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Harry Potter ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Main Aspect ◽  
English Version ◽  
Text Types ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Functionalist Approach ◽  
Persian Translation ◽  
Oriented Approach

Trancism is an activity that is put into Holmes’ (1972) applied branch of Translation Studies (TS). The aim of trancism is to make a fair judgment to help improve the translation through the constructive comments provided by the critic. Various approaches have been proposed to achieve an objective judgment in order to avoid making a subjective judgment. The present study investigated the appropriateness of Reiss’s (2000) approach to the critique of a translation. To do end, the English version of Rowling's (2000) Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and its Persian translation were chosen as the corpus of the present study to evaluate the Persian translation on the basis of three categories included in Reiss’s model of trancism. This encompasses literary, language, and pragmatic categories. As the results indicated, the translator was successful in accomplishing her translation at almost all levels, except some part of grammatical and punctuation included in language category in which the translation she produced resulted in failure to some extent. In conclusion, Reiss’s functionalist approach was mostly appropriate to the critique of a translated text, especially expressive text types, because her model allows the critic to judge two main aspect of the translation: linguistic and extra-linguistic aspects.

scholarly journals Marker der Nachzeitigkeit im deutsch-italienischen Vergleich

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 11-43
Author(s):  
Vahram Atayan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Comparative Linguistics ◽  
Joint Research Project ◽  
Text Types ◽  
Influencing Parameters ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University

The goal of this contribution is the analysis of selected expressions of immediate posteriority in German and Italian from a comparative and translation-related perspective. In the present study, which was carried out as part of a joint research project (Nachzeitigkeit in Sprachvergleich und Übersetzung i. e. ‘Expression of Posteriority in Language Comparison and Translation’) at Heidelberg University and the University of Jena, these linguistic expressions are analysed using manual annotations of abstract semantic and pragmatic features on authentic instances using various statistical methods. Occurrences of the adverbs gleich, sofort, immediatamente or subito in the Europarl and OpenSubtitles corpora, in original or translated text material, serve as a source for the analysis. Typical use contexts of the four adverbs will be identified on a language-specific basis, possible influences of the text types/corpus sources on the use of the adverbs will be determined. Moreover, the use contexts of the adverbs will be analysed cross-linguistically as to correspondences and differences between the two languages, and typical translation options for the individual adverbs will be investigated as a result of various influencing parameters. At a general methodological level, the study intends to test rich semantic and pragmatic annotations and their statistical evaluation as approaches to comparative linguistics and translation studies as far as onomasiologically and functionally defined phenomena are concerned.

scholarly journals LINGUOCOGNITIVE ASPECT OF THE TRANSLATION OF SUSTAINABLE WORD COMPLEXES (BASED ON RUSSIAN AND AZERBAIJANI LANGUAGES)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leyla Ilyas Hamidova
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Metaphorical Thinking ◽  
Communicative Function ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
The World ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects

The article deals with one of the main and actual problems of modern translation studies - the transformation of sustainable word complexes, namely, the principles of translating SWC through the prism of the linguocognitive aspect. An attempt is made to reveal the main linguistic and translation aspects of the transformation process through the prism of the communicative function of these units in the context. Using examples that demonstrate the versatility of metaphorical thinking, the depth of the translation process is revealed, taking into account the comparison of the cognitive, cultural and pragmatic aspects of languages. By highlighting specific phenomena, each author of a work of art conceptualizes the world, filling the realities of existence with meanings, thereby constructing their own reality. The article proves that in the process of translation there is a problem of correlation of concepts presented in the USC, expressed in the relations of "content plan" and "expression plan", and related discursive possibilities for comparing these semantic categories in the translation language. Given this fact, it is possible to linguistically confirm many of the provisions concerning the content of the SWC concept. Namely, drawing a parallel between different ways of thinking, the comparison of certain concepts "spills out" the irregularities of the linguistic-cognitive worldview, that is, in order to identify these discrepancies, the article provides a conceptual analysis of options by comparing two different languages.

scholarly journals A Functional Approach to Audio Description

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Audio Description ◽  
Text Types ◽  
Selection Of

The article discusses a functional approach to audio description (AD) and first proposes a classification of text types, followed by a model of source text (ST) analysis which encompasses three layers: the contextual, the macrotextual and the microtextual. The functional model helps identify the functional priorities in a given ST, which may then guide the audio describer’s decision-making process: the results of contextual and macrotextual analyses will assist the describer in the selection of the so-called macro strategy, while the microtextual analysis may help in making lower-level decisions called micro strategies. Although the model has been designed primarily for didactic purposes, its principles may also be useful for more experienced describers. Additionally, the model constitutes a theoretical conceptualisation of AD and attempts to better integrate AD within the field of translation studies.

A Pragmatic Classification of LSP Texts in Science and Technology1

Target ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Göpferich
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Text Types ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Empirical Analyses

Abstract Theoretical approaches towards a classification of texts and empirical analyses of individual text types have been pursued more or less independently of each other. Without reference to a common theoretical framework, the results obtained when analysing individual texts cannot be compared—making it impossible to relate the individual text types to each other, and thus determine the scope of validity of the features which turn out to be characteristic of a group of texts. For this reason, an approach towards a pragmatic text typology is presented which can serve as a framework for the analysis of various LSP text types. In the last part of the paper some implications of this typology for translation studies and translation didactics are described.

scholarly journals جوانب نصية في دراسات الترجمة الحديثة / Textual aspects in Modern Translation Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majdi Haji Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Translation Theory ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Text Linguistics ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
Text Types ◽  
Hermeneutic Approach ◽  
Traditional Language

ملخص البحث: يهدف هذا البحث إلى عرض بعض الجوانب النصية المستقاة من لغويات النص في دراسات الترجمة الحديثة على المستويين النظري والتطبيقي. ويبدأ بتقديم أهم الأسباب والدوافع وراء تحول دراسات الترجمة الحديثة من الاعتماد على النظريات اللغوية التقليدية إلى الاعتماد على النظرية التأويلية التي تدعو إلى اعتماد النص وحدة الترجمة الأساسية، ثم ينتقل إلى الحديث عن أنماط النص في الترجمة للتأكيد على ضرورة استيعاب كمالية النص الأصلي من أجل خلق كمالية النص المترجم. وأخيراً، يقدم البحث المعايير النصية التي اعتمدها روجر بيل من أجل قياس جودة الترجمة. وجدت الدراسة أن النظرية التأويلية في دارسة الترجمة اليوم أثبتت جدارتها وتفوقها على النظريات اللغوية التقليدية، من منطلق أن الترجمة لا توجد قبل النص، وعلى هذا الأساس فإن النص في عملية الترجمة يجب أن يكون وحدة الترجمة، وليست الكلمات والجمل المنفردة، وأن نظرية الترجمة بحاجة إلى ماسة إلى النظرية التأويلية.   الكلمات المفتاحية: المدخل التأويلي- أنماط النصوص-القصد- المقبولية – البينصية.   Abstract: The paper aims to present theoretically and practically some of the textual aspects derived from text linguistics in modern translation studies. It points out the impetus that led translation studies to turn to textual unit as the focus after relying sometimes on traditional language theories. It discusses text types in translation to ensure the absorption of every aspects of the source text to produce its reflection in the target text. Another textual aspect touched by the paper is the standards of textuality which became a foundation in Bell’s assessment scheme for translation quality. The paper concludes that the hermeneutic theory had managed to gain considerably solid footing in translation studies over the traditional linguistic theories, since there will not be a translation without a text, therefore text should become the focus of translation theory no single words or phrases.   Keywords: Hermeneutic approach – Text types – Intentionality – Acceptability – Intertextuality.   Abstrak: Kajian ini menumpukan secara teoretikal dan praktikal terhadap beberapa aspek tekstual yang dirumuskan daripada bidang teks linguistik dalam kajian penterjemahan moden. Ia menjelaskan tentang sebab yang mendorong kajian penterjemahan moden untuk berpaling kepada teks sebagai unit tumpuan kajian setelah beberpa ketika memberikan perhatian kepada dapatan teori-teori bahasa tradisional. Ia membicarakan jenis-jenis teks dalam terjemahan untuk memastikan pencernaan setiap aspek tekstual teks asal untuk dilahirkan semula dalam teks sasar. Aspek tekstual lain yang dibicarakan dalam kajian ini ialah piawaian tekstual yang menjadi asas kepada skima penilaian kualiti terjemahan yang dicadangkan Bell. Kajian ini merumuskan bahawa teori takwili telah diberikan tumpuan yang lebih penting dalam kajian penterjemahan daripada teori bahasa tradisional memandangkan terjemahan itu sendiri tidak akan terhasil tanpa teks. Ini memberikan satu sebab untuk memberikan keutamaan kepada teks dalam terjemahan dan bukan perkataan atau frasa.   Kata kunci: Pendekatan takwili – Jenis-jenis teks – Tujuan teks – Penerimaan teks – Hubungan antara teks.

Think-aloud protocols in translation research

Target ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Bernardini
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Think Aloud ◽  
Translation Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Think Aloud Protocols ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Experimental Validity ◽  
Process Oriented

Over the last decade, Think-aloud Protocols (TAPs) have been used extensively in process-oriented Translation Studies (TS). The serious questions regarding the experimental validity of this research methodology when applied to translation have nonetheless often remained unspoken. This paper surveys the breakthroughs as well as the limits of the growing body of literature dealing with TAPs in TS, points at the necessity to take issues of experimental, theoretical and environmental validity more seriously, and offers suggestions for improvements. The claim is that the risks involved in the adoption of a lax experimental methodology in TAP studies, often underestimated in the past, may invalidate not only the results obtained in the single projects, but, crucially, the method as a whole.

Causes, Translations, Effect

Target ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Chesterman
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Prescriptive Statements ◽  
Causal Laws ◽  
Multiple Causes

Abstract Conceptual analysis has a role to play in translation studies, but it is a means, not an end. An empirical paradigm gives central importance to testable hypotheses. Empirical research on translation profiles should result in a translation typology: one such typology is discussed. Translations have multiple causes, and we can already propose some possible causal laws. Three laws of translation effect are also proposed, and various parameters of effect are discussed, together with the associated problems of sampling and prescriptivism. I argue that prescriptive statements are hypotheses about translation effects; as such, they should be tested like any other hypothesis.

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