Interpreting at the Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal

Interpreting ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayoko Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
War Crimes ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Court Interpreting ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Behavior

This paper gives an overview of the interpreting arrangements at the Tokyo War Crimes Tribunal (1946–1948), focusing on some sociopolitical aspects of the interpreting phenomena, and discusses the behavior of the interpreters and monitors during the testimony of Hideki Tojo, Japan’s wartime Prime Minister. It provides a contextualized examination of court interpreting rather than a microlinguistic analysis of interpreted texts. The study demonstrates how political and social aspects of the trial and wartime world affairs affected the interpreting arrangements, especially the hierarchical set-up in which three ethnically and socially different groups of “linguists” (language specialists) performed three different functions in the interpreting process. An examination of the linguists’ behavior during Tojo’s testimony points to a link between their relative positions in the power constellation of the trial and their choices, strategies and behavior in interpreting and monitoring. These findings reinforce the view that interpreting is a social practice conditioned by the social, political and cultural contexts of the setting in which interpreters operate.

scholarly journals The social in health: trajectory and contributions of Maria Cecilia Ferro Donnangelo

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1467-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilia Blima Schraiber ◽  
André Mota
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Scientific Career ◽  
Health Trajectory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Car Accident ◽  
Health Field ◽  
Ongoing Dialogue

This text covers the professional and scientific career of Maria Cecilia Ferro Donnangelo, professor, researcher and influential intellectual in the area of Collective Health. Born in 1940, and killed in a car accident in 1983, she actively participated in the emergence of Collective Health in Brazil and greatly influenced the creation of the sub-areas of Social Science and the Humanities in the health field. Her brief biography, contextualized professional choices and scientific production is hereby presented. Graduated in pedagogy at the time of national developmentalism with a post graduation in Sociology, Donnangelo fell into the triangulated area of Education, Sociology and Health, focusing medicine as a social practice and as a profession in society. Always with an eye to human rights and an ongoing dialogue with the modern Brazilian state and public policy, she examined questions of the social aspects in health and education, as well as questions of health education as a social tool. An educator of great prestige, her published work was limited. However, due to her foundational presence, her writings are classic references with assured presence and contributions for today and also vital to the future development of the Brazilian Collective Health.

The mother’s picong: A discursive approach to gender, identity and political leadership in Trinidad and Tobago

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Esposito
Keyword(s):  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
New Era ◽  
East Indian ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Discourse Historical Approach ◽  
Political Scene

The Caribbean twin-island nation of Trinidad and Tobago entered a new era on 24 May 2010 by electing its first woman Prime Minister, Kamla Persad-Bissessar. Breaking out of the country’s rigid bipolar political mold, the East Indian Persad-Bissessar won a landslide victory as the leader of the People’s Partnership, a new coalition party that comprised both East Indian and African political forces and movements. Adopting a Discourse-Historical Approach, this study sets to analyze how Persad-Bissessar discursively constructed her claim to leadership in the election speeches of the 2010 We Will Rise Campaign. Both the processes of bonding with her electorate and demontage of her opponent Patrick Manning are achieved by Persad-Bissessar with careful linguistic choices, encompassing the use of the ritual picong satire and strategic switching to Trinidadian English Creole. This article investigates complexities, struggles and contradictions of the Trinbagonian political scene by integrating a detailed analysis of political discourse and the investigation of the social and political environment within which discourse as social practice is embedded.

Making Public Shame Bearable and Entertaining: Ritualised Shaming in Reality Television

2020 ◽  
pp. 174997552094660
Author(s):  
Martin Hájek ◽  
Daniel Frantál ◽  
Kateřina Simbartlová
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Reality Television ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Classical Concept ◽  
Liberal Society ◽  
Popular Entertainment ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status

In modern liberal society, a person is considered a ‘sacred’ entity and any violation of their dignity should produce embarrassment not only on the side of the ashamed individual but in those co-present as well. In our research, we studied public shaming in reality television (RTV), a recent popular culture product, in order to understand the mechanism that transforms otherwise degrading shaming into popular entertainment. The analysis drew on the classical concept of the ‘degradation ceremony’ (H. Garfinkel) and it covered three RTV programmes originating in different cultural contexts. We discovered that it is strong situational ritualisation of shaming which substantially attenuates the harmful consequences of being shamed for participants’ selves and thus protects viewers from uncomfortable feelings. In RTV, the shaming takes the form of a purposively unaccomplished degradation ceremony, which consists of the creation of an extraordinary situation, typification of participants, emphasis on the shared values in whose name the shaming is done, and participants’ reflexive performance in the show. The results suggest that in RTV, the social practice of the status degradation ceremony is transformed into a cultural practice of systematic shaming without real identity degradation, which makes it possible for shaming to become global mediatised entertainment.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN SYARIAT ISLAM DALAM BINGKAI KEBERAGAMAN NUSANTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iqbal Maulana Yuni RosLaili
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Deputy Prime Minister ◽  
Religious Plurality ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

The implementation of the Islamic Law in Aceh received recognition from the Government of Indonesia since 1959 based on the Decree of the Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Indonesia No. 1 / Missi / 1959. Since then until the enactment of the BAL in 2006, several aspects of national law have become different in Aceh. This then sparked controversy, especially regarding the position of Non-Muslims and religious freedom. This article tries to explain how the application of Islamic Law in Aceh in relation to the Non-Muslim population and its solution. The study found that the relationship between Muslims and Non-Muslims in Aceh, especially in the social aspects of society, took place harmoniously. The application of Islamic Law in Aceh only applies to Muslims and there is no coercion for Non-Muslims. In this case, according to the author, it also offers the concept of "Conducted by Waliya Dien" in addressing religious plurality in Aceh, and the attitude of making Pancasila as "Kalimatun Sawa’ in the corridors of living in a state.

scholarly journals The political party system in Slovakia in the era of Mečiarism. The experiences of the young democracies of central European countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Marek Barański
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Party System ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Charismatic Leadership ◽  
Political Party System ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Democratic Norms

This article aims to reconstruct the functioning of political parties that was present during the establishment of the foundations of the democratic system and political practice, from the “Velvet Revolution” to the creation of a competitive party system with a dominant political party – Movement for Democratic Slovakia (HZDS) set up by Vladimir Mečiar; who served as prime minister in the years 1993–1998 (including a hiatus in 1994) greatly affecting the state internal and international policy, and held the post of the sole chairman of the party until its dissolution. V. Mečiar’s rule was marked by the interweaving of the elements of the wave of democratization with the reverse wave of de-democratization. The pro-democratic and undemocratic tendencies displayed by Mečiar were determined – apart from objective factors – by the personality traits of the prime minister: his commanding and charismatic leadership style, authoritarianism, making public decisions in a ruthless manner devoid of impartiality, or violations of democratic norms and values. Apart from its scientific purpose, this article may also fulfil a practical function allowing the possibility of using the research findings in social practice/politics.

Leading Kosovo politicians face war crimes indictments

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
War Crimes ◽  
International Justice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Set Up

Significance Kosovo’s government has abandoned its attempt to block the work of a court set up to try former members of the Kosovo Liberation Army (UCK) for war crimes. As a consequence, some of Kosovo’s most senior politicians could be indicted, including President Thaci, Prime Minister Ramush Haradinaj and the speaker of parliament, Kadri Veseli. All served in the UCK. Impacts The opposition LDK and Vetevendosje will make gains in inevitable fresh parliamentary (and potentially also presidential) elections. Renewed political instability will threaten the economy, which is currently growing strongly. The government’s climbdown means that Western efforts to establish international justice as a political norm will remain on track.

European Coal and Steel Community

1957 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-404
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Common Market ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
German Federal Republic ◽  
Vice Presidents ◽  
The Social ◽  
Coal Market ◽  
The Common ◽  
Set Up

The Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) held an extraordinary session at Strasbourg from November 27 to 30, 1956. It elected as its President, Mr. Hans Furler (German Federal Republic, Ohristian Democrat) and the following Vice-Presidents: Messrs. Jean Fohrmann (Luxembourg, Socialist), Roger Motz (Belgium, Liberal), G. Vixseboxse (Netherlands, Historical Christian), Emile Vanrullen (France, Socialist) and Emilio Battista (Italy, Ohristian Democrat). The Assembly discussed four reports. The first dealt with the crisis in the coal market, and pointed out that one of the causes for the crisis was the exceptional cold the preced-ing winter which had led to heavy drawing on stocks and the oil shortage. Under its Treaty, the ECSC had the duty of seeing that adequate supplies reached its members, but the High Authority had not been given many means of ensuring this. The report recommended that the High Authority, in collaboration with the Assembly's Committee on the common market, take up a number of specific questions relative to coal, preferably in the framework of a special conference along the lines of that set up to study security in the mines. The questions included 1) the coordination of measures proposed within each member country, 2) steps to increase production and to bring about economies in the use of coal and coke, and 3) questions of delivery and the import of coal from the United States. The other three reports dealt with 1) the creation, functions and composition of one or more joint committees (“commissions paritaires”) within the framework of the Community, 2) the social aspects of the proposed common market, and 3) security and rescue systems in the mines of the Community.

Prototypicity and Textual Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalice Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Family Resemblance ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Epistemological Framework ◽  
Singular Characteristics

Abstract: This paper, based on the Socio-Discursive Interactionism theoretical epistemological framework, aims at showing the importance of the notion of prototypicity to analyse texts that circulate in society. Regarding theoretical concepts, we consider, firstly, that texts are global communicative units that always interact with the social practice where they are integrated; consequently their textual linguistic materialisation depends on the language activity in which they are situated. Secondly, texts are obviously linked to a textual genre which has unique and generic aspects constantly interacting with each other. By considering these aspects, we can see how the notion of family resemblance or family airs related to that of prototypicity can give us leads to define a textual analysis methodology that takes into account the complexity of the text as our object of analysis. In order to prove the importance of the prototypicity to analyse texts we have chosen two representative texts of two textual persuasive genres: one editorial and one political poster that were circulated in Portugal in March 2002, at the time of the elections for the Portuguese Prime Minister. Our study provides evidence that a text has singular characteristics, but it also has generic ones related to genre aspects.


scholarly journals KRITIK SOSIAL PADA NOVEL “Dilan : dia adalah Dilanku Tahun 1990” KARYA PIDI BAIQ

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Naomi Natalia Pangaribuan ◽  
Netti Vera Br Ginting ◽  
Rini Wulandari Br Purba ◽  
Parsaoran Aritonang ◽  
Annisa Annisa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Social Criticism ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This research title is  SocialCriticism in the Novel "Dilan: dia adalah Dilanku Tahun 1990" by Pidi Baiq. The aim of this study is (1) To find out the social criticism contained in the novel, (2 ) To find out the results of the social criticism analysis contained in the novel. This research is included in library techniques and content analysis. The method used is descriptive qualitative research methods. Data sources used in this study is the text of the novel "Dilan: dia adalah Dilanku Tahun 1990" by Pidi Baiq, the second print in 2016 and published by Pastel Books Bandung. The study used a sociological literary approach that considered social aspects to better understand the social symptoms contained in the novel "Dilan: dia adalah Dilanku Tahun 1990" which focused on issues related to social criticism.The results of this study are aimed at the world of education, especially among adolescents who are still educated in schools which cause various  social problems that occur in the midst  the environment of society. As for social criticism found in the novel " Dilan: dia adalah Dilanku Tahun 1990", that is  social criticism of juvenile delinquency in school, criminalization, attitudes and behavior, educators (teachers), power, and injustice and low. 

scholarly journals The Social Aspects of the Language Varieties in the Contemporary Omani Society: A Sociolinguistic Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Mohammed Bin Salem Mashani
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Critical Dimension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Language Varieties ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
And Behavior

TThis paper discusses the social aspects of the language varieties in the contemporary Omani society as a critical dimension of this society, as a means of acquiring social behavior and as a symbol of the Omani social identity. The study underscores the importance of this diversity in contemporary society and its relationship with culture, thought and behavior. The paper gives an overview of the various aspects of this phenomenon and the interrelationship between these social aspects on the one hand and between them and the society on the other hand. The paper also discusses some common sociolinguistic terms and concepts which are used to describe the language varieties in Oman and the interrelationships between them. . 

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