Detection survey design for decision making during biosecurity incursions.

2015 ◽  
pp. 238-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Kean ◽  
G. M. Burnip ◽  
A. Pathan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Survey Design

Assessing, Consulting, Reporting Heuristics in Professional Decision-Making Regarding Suspected Child Maltreatment in Community Healthcare Services

2020 ◽  
pp. 107755952093735
Author(s):  
Guy Enosh ◽  
Ravit Alfandari ◽  
Hani Nouman ◽  
Lilach Dolev ◽  
Hagit Dascal-Weichhendler
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Community Health Services ◽  
Community Healthcare

This study investigated child protection decision-making practices of healthcare-professionals in community-health-services. We examined the effect of heuristics in professional judgments regarding suspected maltreatment, as affected by the child’s ethnicity, gender, and family socioeconomic-status, as well as the healthcare-worker’s workload-stress, and personal and professional background. Furthermore, we examined how these variables influence judgments regarding suspected maltreatment and intentions to consult and report child-maltreatment. We used an experimental survey design including vignettes manipulating the child’s characteristics. Data was collected from 412 professionals employed at various community-health-service-clinics of the largest health-management organization in northern Israel. Findings show that all subjective factors have a significant effect on suspected child-maltreatment assessment, which appears as a significant predictor of later decisions regarding consultation and reporting. This study lends support to prior research indicating that healthcare-professionals’ decisions may incorporate biases, and suggests how the effects of these biases’ are mediated through a sequence of decisions. Recommendations focus on providing regular consultation opportunities for practitioners.

scholarly journals A pragmatic approach to delimiting incursions

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 322-322
Author(s):  
G.M. Burnip ◽  
J.M. Kean ◽  
A.K. Pathan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Response Option ◽  
Substantial Effort

When incursions of exotic organisms are first detected Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) investigators normally assess the spatial extent of populations to evaluate whether eradication is a viable option However delimitation of the entire risk area typically requires substantial effort and cost Collaboration between MPI and Better Border Biosecurity researchers led to the realisation that a quantified geographic distribution of the exotic organisms population is not necessarily required to determine eradication viability The question is not where in the landscape is the organism present but the more manageable is the organism present across such a widespread area that eradication is not feasible This pragmatic approach focuses on getting the delimitation question right and narrows the scope of investigative actions to something achievable This approach informed response option development when the Australian pasture tunnel moth (Philobota sp) incursion was first detected in New Zealand in 2010 and for the eucalyptus leaf beetle (Paropsisterna beata) detected in 2012 Further details of this approach have been published in Kean JM Burnip GM Pathan A 2014 Detection survey design for decision making during biosecurity incursions In Jarrad FC LowChoy SJ Mengersen K ed Biosecurity Surveillance Quantitative Approaches ISBN 9781780643595 CAB International

scholarly journals Use of Artificial Intelligence in Smart Cities for Smart Decision-Making: A Social Innovation Perspective

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 620
Author(s):  
Syed Asad A. Bokhari ◽  
Seunghwan Myeong
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

The goal of this study is to investigate the direct and indirect relationships that exist between artificial intelligence (AI), social innovation (SI), and smart decision-making (SDM). This study used a survey design and collected cross-sectional data from South Korea and Pakistan using survey questionnaires. Four hundred sixty respondents from the public and private sectors were obtained and empirically analyzed using SPSS multiple regression. The study discovered a strong and positive mediating effect of SI between the relationship of AI and SDM, as predicted. Previous researchers have investigated some of the factors that influence the decision-making process. This study adds to the social science literature by examining the impact of a mediating factor on decision-making. The findings of this study will contribute to the local government in building smart cities such that the factor of social innovations should be involved in the decision-making process because smart decision-making would share such collected data with entrepreneurs, businesses, and industries and would benefit society and all relevant stakeholders, including such social innovators.

scholarly journals A systematic approach for enterprise systems upgrade decision-making

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 778-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Feldman ◽  
Hanifa Shah ◽  
Craig Chapman ◽  
Erika A. Pärn ◽  
David J. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Enterprise Systems ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Need To Evaluate

Purpose Enterprise systems (ES) upgrade is fundamental to maintaining a system’s continuous improvement and stability. However, while the extant literature is replete with research on ES upgrade decision-making, there is scant knowledge about how different decision processes facilitate this decision to upgrade. This paper aims to investigate and better understand these processes from an organisational perspective. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted a qualitative survey design, and used a Web-based questionnaire and semi-structured interviews to collect data from 23 large organisations. Data accrued were qualitatively analysed and manually coded to identify the various decision processes undertaken during ES upgrade decisions. Findings Analysis results reveal complex interrelations between the upgrade drivers, the need to evaluate the new version’s functionality and the upgrade impact. Understanding the interaction between these elements influences the upgrade decision process. Research limitations/implications The study proposes ES upgrade processes that support a decision to upgrade major releases. Further research is required to offer either similar or conflicting arguments on the upgrade decision-making and provide a probabilistic generalisation of the decision-making processes. Originality/value The research offers a comprehensive and empirically supported methodical approach that embraces an evaluation of a new version’s functionality, technical requirements and concomitant upgrade implications as intrinsic decision processes. This approach assists in the decisions to establish the upgrade need and determine the level of change, effort required, impacts and associated benefits.

scholarly journals Participatory Management for Enhancing Students' Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Rivers State.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 145-156
Author(s):  
Ebunu, Akpofure Anna
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
School Management ◽  
Participatory Management ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Rivers State

This study investigated participatory management for enhancing students' performance in public secondary schools in Rivers State.  The study adopted descriptive survey design. The population of the study was all the 276 principals and 8,452 teachers in public senior secondary schools as well as 4,455 students’ parents. The sample of the study was 730 respondents, comprising 90 principals, 360 teachers and 280 parents who were selected through the combination of stratified sampling, simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques. Instrument of data collection was 10 items questionnaire titled, “Teachers and Parents Participation in Secondary School Management Questionnaire (TPPSSMQ). The instrument was a validated four-point likert styled, Strongly Agree (SA), Agree (A), Disagree (D) and Strongly Disagree (SD). It has a reliability index of 0.82, using Cronbach Alpha Statistical test. The research questions were analysed using mean and standard deviation whereas the hypotheses were tested using z-test statistics at 0.05 alpha level. The findings of the study revealed that the involvement of teachers in school decision-making would give teachers broader opportunity to make inputs in policy issues that concern effective instructional delivery. The study further showed that the involvement of parents in school decision-making would give them ample platform to offer their advices on how to improve the quality of teaching and learning. Based on the findings, the study recommended that school managers should give teachers meaningful opportunities to make inputs, that such opportunities will empower them to take decisions on issues affecting their work performance and productivity for enhanced students' achievement. Furthermore, school authorities should accord parents’ opportunities to offer their advices on how to enhance resource accountability to foster efficient school management and quality teaching and learning in the school.

scholarly journals Influence of Principals’ Involvement of Students in Decision Making on Discipline in Secondary Schools, Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Patrick Wambua ◽  
Ursula A. Okoth ◽  
Jeremiah M. Kalai
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Student Involvement ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Secondary School Principals ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Student Leaders

Stakeholder involvement is critical in that it can enhance levels of ownership of the decisions made as well building trust between the governors and the governed. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence principals’ involvement of students in decision making on student discipline in secondary schools, Kenya. The study sought to establish the areas of student involvement in decision making by secondary school principals and determine whether significant differences exist between reported incidences of student indiscipline based on the levels of student involvement in decision making in secondary schools. The study employed systems theory by Ludwig Bertalanffy which looks at organisations as systems. Schools are viewed as parts joined together by web of relationships both within and outside the school. Using a descriptive survey design with a target population of 354 secondary school principals, 300 teachers and 4602 student leaders, a sample of 118 principals and 1534 student leaders were sampled through stratified proportionate sampling. Questionnaires for principals and student leaders were used for the study. The return rate was 101 principals (85.6%) and 1433(93.4%) student leaders. Cross-tabulations were done to determine whether the mean occurrences of student indiscipline were different based on levels of principals’ involvement of students in decision making. The findings indicated that 94.1 per cent of principals involved students in decision making with varying degrees of involvement for student welfare. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) did not indicate significant differences between involvement in decision making and lowering of cases of drug and substance abuse, cases of arson and student suspension. The incidences of student indiscipline in those schools were low, as evidenced by lowered cases of arson factor that could be attributed to  students sense of ownership and feeling respected and recognised. The study concluded that involvement in decision making is a key driver to student’s discipline. The study could be replicated in a number of counties involving teachers and Board members as respondents. In addition, the study could be replicated using mixed methods with more inclination to the qualitative research.

scholarly journals Exploring the Factors Contributing to Teacher Effectiveness in Senior High Schools in the Kassena Nankana West District

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Matthew Kojo Namale ◽  
Amos Asamari Alale ◽  
Francis Asore Atingane ◽  
Joshua-Luther Ndoye Upoalkpajor
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Teacher Effectiveness ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
T Test ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Descriptive Survey

The study investigated the factors contributing to teacher effectiveness in senior high schools in the Kassena Nankana West District. A descriptive survey design with a sample of 100 teachers was used for the study. A self-designed questionnaire was used for the data collection. Means and standard deviations and independent samples t-test were the statistical tools used in the study. The objectives of the study were to find how headmaster supervision contributes to teacher effectiveness; find students’ attitude that contribute to teacher effectiveness; how community participation contribute to teacher effectiveness. Means and standard deviations and the independent samples t-test were the statistical tools used in the study. The findings of the study were showed that; headmasters involved teachers in decision making in schools, students’ participation in classroom work was appreciable, and communities gave teachers some fringe benefits. It was recommended that headmaster supervision should be strengthened since involving teachers in decision making in school brings about teacher effectiveness. Again teachers should relate and encourage students to participate in classroom work since that contribute to teacher effectiveness. It was concluded that headmaster supervision is very important since that contribute to teacher effectiveness in school.

Oxygen treatment of ventilated critically ill children: Nursing assessment and cognitive processes in clinical decision-making

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Ulla Marie Soini ◽  
Randi Andenæs ◽  
Marianne Trygg Solberg
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Nursing Assessment ◽  
Oxygen Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Dissociation ◽  
Oxygen Requirements

The aim of this study was to describe nurses’ opinions regarding assessments of oxygen requirements and which modes of cognition they used about oxygen treatment in ventilated children aged 0–3 years. The method was survey design with descriptive statistics. The sample included 90 nurses from intensive care units within all university hospitals in Norway. The questionnaire covered use of physiological, clinical, and technical observations in assessments, and the Nursing Decision-Making Instrument was used to map the mode of cognition. Respondents perceived they used many of the physiological criteria except for the haemoglobin–oxygen dissociation curve, pulse and blood pressure. Most respondents used clinical and technical criteria to assess oxygen needs, but more than half would exceed 10% oxygen at each regulation. They considered written guidelines to be necessary. A majority demonstrated a flexible use of analytical and intuitive modes of cognition in the decision-making processes. The results indicate that assessment of children’s need for oxygen may be based on insufficient information, and written guidelines should be developed.

scholarly journals Decision making preferences in the medical encounter – a factorial survey design

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meike Müller-Engelmann ◽  
Tanja Krones ◽  
Heidi Keller ◽  
Norbert Donner-Banzhoff
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Factorial Survey ◽  
Medical Encounter ◽  
Factorial Survey Design

Satisficing in Political Decision Making

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Rule ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
Survey Responses

The idea of satisficing as a decision rule began with Herbert Simon. Simon was dissatisfied with the increasingly dominant notion of individuals as rational decision-makers who choose alternatives that maximize expected utility on two grounds. First, he viewed the maximizing account of decision-making as unrealistic given that individuals have cognitive limitations and varying motivations that limit cognitive ability and effort. Second, he argued that individuals do not even choose alternatives as if they are maximizing (i.e., that the maximizing account has predictive validity). Instead, he offered a theory of individuals as satisficers: decision-makers who consider a limited number of alternatives, expending limited cognitive effort, until they find one that is “good enough.” At this point, he argued, the consideration of alternatives stops. The satisficing decision rule has influenced several subfields of political science. They include elite decision-making on military conflicts, the economy, and public policy; ideas of what the mass public needs to know about politics and the extent to which deficits in political knowledge are consequential; and understanding of survey responses and survey design. Political and social psychologists have also taken Simon’s idea and argued that satisficing rather than maximizing is a personality trait—stable characteristics of individuals that make them predisposed toward one or other type of alternative search when making decisions. Research in these subfields additionally raises normative questions about the extent to which satisficing is not only a common way of making decisions but a desirable one. Satisficing seems superior to maximizing in several respects. For example, it has positive effects on aspects of decision-makers’ well-being and is more likely to result in individuals voting their interests in elections. There are, however, a number of directions in which future research on satisficing could be taken forward. These include a fuller incorporation of the interaction of affect and cognition, clearer tests of alternative explanations to satisficing, and more focus and understanding on the effects of the Internet and the “information age.”

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