scholarly journals Development of a food composition database for the estimation of dietary intakes of glucosinolates, the biologically active constituents of cruciferous vegetables

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. McNaughton ◽  
G. C. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Food Composition Data

Evidence indicates that cruciferous vegetables are protective against a range of cancers with glucosinolates and their breakdown products considered the biologically active constituents. To date, epidemiological studies have not investigated the intakes of these constituents due to a lack of food composition databases. The aim of the present study was to develop a database for the glucosinolate content of cruciferous vegetables that can be used to quantify dietary exposure for use in epidemiological studies of diet–disease relationships. Published food composition data sources for the glucosinolate content of cruciferous vegetables were identified and assessed for data quality using established criteria. Adequate data for the total glucosinolate content were available from eighteen published studies providing 140 estimates for forty-two items. The highest glucosinolate values were for cress (389 mg/100 g) while the lowest values were for Pe-tsai chinese cabbage (20 mg/100 g). There is considerable variation in the values reported for the same vegetable by different studies, with a median difference between the minimum and maximum values of 5·8-fold. Limited analysis of cooked cruciferous vegetables has been conducted; however, the available data show that average losses during cooking are approximately 36 %. This is the first attempt to collate the available literature on the glucosinolate content of cruciferous vegetables. These data will allow quantification of intakes of the glucosinolates, which can be used in epidemiological studies to investigate the role of cruciferous vegetables in cancer aetiology and prevention.

scholarly journals Attenuation of Carcinogenesis and the Mechanism Underlying by the Influence of Indole-3-carbinol and Its Metabolite 3,3′-Diindolylmethane: A Therapeutic Marvel

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Maruthanila ◽  
J. Poornima ◽  
S. Mirunalini
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetables ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Dimeric Product ◽  
Indole Glucosinolate

Rising evidence provides credible support towards the potential role of bioactive products derived from cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cauliflower, kale, cabbage, brussels sprouts, turnips, kohlrabi, bok choy, and radishes. Many epidemiological studies point out thatBrassicavegetable protects humans against cancer since they are rich sources of glucosinolates in addition to possessing a high content of flavonoids, vitamins, and mineral nutrients. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) belongs to the class of compounds called indole glucosinolate, obtained from cruciferous vegetables, and is well-known for tits anticancer properties. In particular, I3C and its dimeric product, 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM), have been generally investigated for their value against a number of human cancersin vitroas well asin vivo. This paper reviews an in-depth study of the anticancer activity and the miscellaneous mechanisms underlying the anticarcinogenicity thereby broadening its therapeutic marvel.

scholarly journals Potential Health Benefits of Conjugated Linoleic Acid: An Important Functional Dairy Ingredient

2020 ◽  
pp. 200-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaudhari Kalpeshkumar Virsangbhai ◽  
Ankit Goyal ◽  
Beenu Tanwar ◽  
Manvesh Kumar Sihag
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Geometrical Isomers ◽  
Potential Health

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) refers to a class of positional and geometrical isomers of linoleic acid (cis-9, cis-12 octadecadienoic acid) having conjugate double bond system. CLA are synthesized in rumen of the ruminants by biohydrogenation of dietary fatty acids; and thus, can be obtained from dairy products as well as from the meat of sheep, lamb and other ruminants. Among the several isomers, c9, t11-CLA isomer is the most biologically active form and accounts approximately 80% of total isomers. A number of clinical and epidemiological studies have demonstrated the role of CLA as anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-carcinogenic, etc. Several researchers have suggested the positive association of CLA in weight management, hypercholesterolemia, immunomodulatory functions, and improved bone metabolism.

scholarly journals Food Composition and Dedicated Databases: Key Tools for Human Health and Public Nutrition

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4003
Author(s):  
Alessandra Durazzo ◽  
Massimo Lucarini
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Food Chemistry ◽  
Active Constituents

To better understand nutrition, food chemistry, and medicine, it is important to investigate biologically active constituents, which requires a detailed knowledge and coverage of the composition of compounds of nutritional and nutraceutical character [...]

scholarly journals Flavonoids and intestinal cancers

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (E-S1) ◽  
pp. ES53-ES59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Pierini ◽  
Jennifer M. Gee ◽  
Nigel J. Belshaw ◽  
Ian T. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Genomic Technologies ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Dietary Flavonoid

Cancers of the gastrointestinal tract are amongst the most common causes of death from cancer, but there is substantial variation in incidence across populations. This is consistent with a major causative role for diet. There is convincing evidence that fruits and vegetables protect against cancers of the upper alimentary tract and the large bowel, and this has focused attention on biologically active phytochemicals, and on flavonoids in particular. Many flavonoids exert anticarcinogenic effectsin vitroand in animals, and many of these effects occur via signalling pathways known to be important in the pathogenesis of colorectal, gastric and oesophageal cancers. However dietary flavonoid intakes are generally low and their metabolism in humans is extremely complex. The advent of new post-genomic technologies will do much to address these problems by making it possible to monitor patterns of gene expression in humans to provide essential molecular biomarkers of early disease. By combining such data with knowledge of the dietary exposure and bioavailability of the most effective compounds it will be possible to predict the most effective dietary sources and to properly evaluate the potential role of flavonoids in clinical nutrition.

scholarly journals The Role of Glucosinolates from Cruciferous Vegetables (Brassicaceae) in Gastrointestinal Cancers: From Prevention to Therapeutics

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Catarina Melim ◽  
Maria R. Lauro ◽  
Isabel M. Pires ◽  
Paulo J. Oliveira ◽  
Célia Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Colorectal ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetables ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Gi Cancers ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Brassicaceae Family ◽  
Related Mortality

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is composed of rapidly renewing cells, which increase the likelihood of cancer. Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed GI cancers and currently stands in second place regarding cancer-related mortality. Unfortunately, the treatment of GI is limited, and few developments have occurred in the field over the years. With this in mind, new therapeutic strategies involving biologically active phytocompounds are being evaluated as anti-cancer agents. Vegetables such as broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, and radish, all belonging to the Brassicaceae family, are high in dietary fibre, minerals, vitamins, carotenoids, polyphenols, and glucosinolates. The latter compound is a secondary metabolite characteristic of this family and, when biologically active, has demonstrated anti-cancer properties. This article reviews the literature regarding the potential of Cruciferous vegetables in the prevention and/or treatment of GI cancers and the relevance of appropriate compound formulations for improving the stability and bioaccessibility of the major Cruciferous compounds, with a particular focus on glucosinolates.

scholarly journals Importance and use of reliable food composition data generation by nutrition/dietetic professionals towards solving Africa's nutrition problem: constraints and the role of FAO/INFOODS/AFROFOODS and other stakeholders in future initiatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrietta Ene-Obong ◽  
Hettie C. Schönfeldt ◽  
Ella Campaore ◽  
Angela Kimani ◽  
Rosemary Mwaisaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Education ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Composition Data ◽  
Food Composition Tables ◽  
Food Composition Data

Despite the rich biodiversity of the African continent and the tremendous progress so far made in food production, Africa is still struggling with the problems of food insecurity, hunger and malnutrition. To combat these problems, the production and consumption of nutritious and safe foods need to be promoted. This cannot be achieved without reliable data on the quantity and quality of nutrients and other components provided through these foods. Food composition data (FCD) are compiled as food composition tables (FCT) or food composition databases (FCDB). These are subsequently used for a variety of purposes, ranging from clinical practice, research, public health/education, food industry to planning and policy, as well as nutrition monitoring and surveillance. To perform these functions effectively, the importance of reliable FCT/FCDB cannot be overemphasised. Poor quality FCT/FCDB have serious consequences on the health of the population, and provide skew evidence towards developing nutrition and health-related policies. The present paper reviews different methods to generate FCT/FCDB, their importance and use in assisting nutrition/dietetic professionals in solving Africa's nutrition problems; current status of FCT/FCDB generation, compilation and dissemination in Africa, constraint to their use by professionals and the role of FAO/INFOODS/AFROFOODS and other stakeholders towards improvement and future initiatives. The information provided will create awareness on the need for up-to-date and high-quality FCT/FCDB and facilitate the identification of data gaps and prioritisation of future efforts in FCD generation, compilation and dissemination in Africa and subsequent strategies for the alleviation of the food and nutrition problems in Africa.

THE ROLE OF 1,25(OH)2D3 AND ITS ANALOGS IN PROLIFERATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE HEAD AND NECK – LITERATURE REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1566-1570
Author(s):  
Mateusz Mizgalski ◽  
Krzysztof Zub ◽  
Karolina Dorobisz ◽  
Tomasz Zatoński
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Squamous Carcinoma ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Carcinoma Cell Lines ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Squamous Carcinoma Cell

Epidemiological studies correlate sun or UV light exposure with a lower incidence of a variety of malignancies, including breast, colon and prostate cancer. The biologically active 1,25(OH)2D3 and its analogs have been shown to have antiproliferative and differentiating effects in a variety of malignant and non-malignant cells. The effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 are mediated by the binding of calcitriol to a specific intracellular receptor, vitamin D receptor [VDR]. The aim of this study is to review the literature concerning the role of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its analogs in squamous carcinoma cell lines of the head and neck (SCCHN).

scholarly journals The Role of Isothiocyanates as Cancer Chemo-Preventive, Chemo-Therapeutic and Anti-Melanoma Agents

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsiogianni ◽  
Koutsidis ◽  
Mavroudis ◽  
Trafalis ◽  
Botaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetables ◽  
Human Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Cycle Growth ◽  
Epigenetic Machinery

Many studies have shown evidence in support of the beneficial effects of phytochemicals in preventing chronic diseases, including cancer. Among such phytochemicals, sulphur-containing compounds (e.g., isothiocyanates (ITCs)) have raised scientific interest by exerting unique chemo-preventive properties against cancer pathogenesis. ITCs are the major biologically active compounds capable of mediating the anticancer effect of cruciferous vegetables. Recently, many studies have shown that a higher intake of cruciferous vegetables is associated with reduced risk of developing various forms of cancers primarily due to a plurality of effects, including (i) metabolic activation and detoxification, (ii) inflammation, (iii) angiogenesis, (iv) metastasis and (v) regulation of the epigenetic machinery. In the context of human malignant melanoma, a number of studies suggest that ITCs can cause cell cycle growth arrest and also induce apoptosis in human malignant melanoma cells. On such basis, ITCs could serve as promising chemo-therapeutic agents that could be used in the clinical setting to potentiate the efficacy of existing therapies.

scholarly journals Indole-3-carbinol: a plant hormone combatting cancer

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella Katz ◽  
Sophia Nisani ◽  
Daniel A. Chamovitz
Keyword(s):  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Plant Biology ◽  
Breakdown Product ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetables ◽  
Vast Array ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Anti Cancer

A diet rich in cruciferous vegetables such as cauliflower, broccoli, and cabbage has long been considered healthy, and various epidemiological studies suggest that the consumption of cruciferous vegetables contributes to a cancer-protecting diet. While these vegetables contain a vast array of phytochemicals, the mechanism by which these vegetables counteract cancer is still largely unresolved. Numerous in situ studies have implicated indole-3-carbinol, a breakdown product of the glucosinolate indole-3-ylmethylglucosinolate, as one of the phytochemicals with anti-cancer properties. Indole-3-carbinol influences a range of cellular processes, but the mechanisms by which it acts on cancer cells are slowly being revealed. Recent studies on the role of indole-3-carbinol in Arabidopsis opens the door for cross-kingdom comparisons that can help in understanding the roles of this important phytohormone in both plant biology and combatting cancer.

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