Zoonotic diseases: a one health perspective.

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (027) ◽  
Author(s):  
Assadullah Samadi
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Important Health Issue ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Control And Management

Abstract The emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases including zoonoses and persistence of neglected zoonotic diseases threaten the global health and economy of rural societies now more than any time in the history of humanity. Animals are the main reservoirs of zoonotic disease agents, and zoonotic pathogens are transmitted to humans by direct contacts with infected animals or indirectly through animal products and the environment. A range of factors contribute in persistence and emergence of zoonoses, and globalization, climate change, and lack of proper coordination among the governmental organization responsible for human and animal health are the key indicators. Given the shared nature of zoonotic diseases and the spread, emergence, and re-emergence of zoonotic diseases in human and animal populations, integrated One Health is the only effective approach to solve this most important health issue. In this article, different aspects of zoonotic diseases, their role in incremental poverty, and the needs for integrated activities for their control and management are reviewed and discussed in detail.

A proposal to leverage high-quality veterinary diagnostic laboratory large data streams for animal health, public health, and One Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110030
Author(s):  
Craig N. Carter ◽  
Jacqueline L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Streams ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory

Test data generated by ~60 accredited member laboratories of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD) is of exceptional quality. These data are captured by 1 of 13 laboratory information management systems (LIMSs) developed specifically for veterinary diagnostic laboratories (VDLs). Beginning ~2000, the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) developed an electronic messaging system for LIMS to automatically send standardized data streams for 14 select agents to a national repository. This messaging enables the U.S. Department of Agriculture to track and respond to high-consequence animal disease outbreaks such as highly pathogenic avian influenza. Because of the lack of standardized data collection in the LIMSs used at VDLs, there is, to date, no means of summarizing VDL large data streams for multi-state and national animal health studies or for providing near-real-time tracking for hundreds of other important animal diseases in the United States that are detected routinely by VDLs. Further, VDLs are the only state and federal resources that can provide early detection and identification of endemic and emerging zoonotic diseases. Zoonotic diseases are estimated to be responsible for 2.5 billion cases of human illness and 2.7 million deaths worldwide every year. The economic and health impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is self-evident. We review here the history and progress of data management in VDLs and discuss ways of seizing unexplored opportunities to advance data leveraging to better serve animal health, public health, and One Health.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Zoonoses: A Review of Concepts, Definitions, and Bibliometrics

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 893
Author(s):  
Walter Leal Filho ◽  
Linda Ternova ◽  
Sanika Arun Parasnis ◽  
Marina Kovaleva ◽  
Gustavo J. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Disease Ecology ◽  
One Health ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Author Keywords ◽  
The Uk

Climate change can have a complex impact that also influences human and animal health. For example, climate change alters the conditions for pathogens and vectors of zoonotic diseases. Signs of this are the increasing spread of the West Nile and Usutu viruses and the establishment of new vector species, such as specific mosquito and tick species, in Europe and other parts of the world. With these changes come new challenges for maintaining human and animal health. This paper reports on an analysis of the literature focused on a bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database and VOSviewer software for creating visualization maps which identifies the zoonotic health risks for humans and animals caused by climate change. The sources retained for the analysis totaled 428 and different thresholds (N) were established for each item varying from N 5 to 10. The main findings are as follows: First, published documents increased in 2009–2015 peaking in 2020. Second, the primary sources have changed since 2018, partly attributable to the increase in human health concerns due to human-to-human transmission. Third, the USA, the UK, Canada, Australia, Italy, and Germany perform most zoonosis research. For instance, sixty documents and only 17 countries analyzed for co-authorship analysis met the threshold led by the USA; the top four author keywords were “climate change”, “zoonosis”, “epidemiology”, and “one health;” the USA, the UK, Germany, and Spain led the link strength (inter-collaboration); the author keywords showed that 37 out of the 1023 keywords met the threshold, and the authors’ keyword’s largest node of the bibliometric map contains the following: infectious diseases, emerging diseases, disease ecology, one health, surveillance, transmission, and wildlife. Finally, zoonotic diseases, which were documented in the literature in the past, have evolved, especially during the years 2010–2015, as evidenced by the sharp augmentation of publications addressing ad-hoc events and peaking in 2020 with the COVID-19 outbreak.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PROGRAMS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 978-985
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Zorlescu ◽  
Stelian Baraitareanu ◽  
Doina Danes
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
One Health ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
The One

INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the topical issues that is part of the “One Health” concept with implications for animal health, human health, and even environmental “health”. At the European Commission (EC) level, legislation has been issued for the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and these rules are applicable by each Member State (MS). For the proper implementation of the above legislation, audits are carried out in Member States that have developed programs on antimicrobial resistance that go beyond the EC's requests.OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was the analysis of existing data reports, legislation and recommendations on antimicrobial resistance through which surveillance and monitoring is carried out in the European Union (EU).  METHODS: The audit reports issued between 2015 and 2017 by the Food Veterinary Office (FVO), as well as the articles and studies issued by the EC through the antimicrobial resistance institutes were analysed.RESULTS: The FVO conducted audits to “evaluate the monitoring and reporting of antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and commensal bacteria in certain food-producing animal populations and food” in 12 MS, and audits to “gather information on the prudent use of antimicrobials in animals” in 8 MS. These are countries that have very well implemented the EC's requests and included the “One Health” perspective in antimicrobial resistance programs. Some Member States have risk management strategies for reducing antimicrobial resistance for more than 20 years. They have carried out research projects on antimicrobial resistance. There is an action plan on antimicrobial resistance at the EC level, but their implementation and understanding up to the level of all actors involved in this issue varies from MS to MS. Antimicrobial resistance in the animal population is a topical issue, notoriety among the actors involved, as well as an interdisciplinary problem with indirect results. The same principle of antimicrobial resistance in animals is applicable to humans and the environment as such, this problem can be embedded in the concept of “One Health”. The overall objective of the MS is to generate knowledge and tools to “combat” antimicrobial resistance in animals, humans and even the environment.CONCLUSION: As a conclusion, in order to improve and optimize antimicrobial resistance programs, a “good practice guide” can be achieved by MS with extensive experience in this area, to be used by MS with a more precarious application and over time to harmonize antimicrobial resistance programs within the EU.

scholarly journals Economic benefits or drivers of a ‘One Health’ approach: Why should anyone invest?

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Rushton ◽  
Barbara Häsler ◽  
Nicoline De Haan ◽  
Ruth Rushton
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Future Success ◽  
Real Value ◽  
Control And Management

One Health concepts and ideas are some of the oldest in the health discipline, yet they have not become main stream. Recent discussions of the need for One Health approaches require some reflection on how to present a case for greater investments. The paper approaches this problem from the perspective of the control and management of resources for health in general. It poses the following questions, (1) where do we need extra resources for One Health, (2) where can we save resources through a One Health approach and (3) who has control of the resources that do exist for One Health? In answering these questions three broad areas are explored, (1) The management and resources allocated for diseases, (2) The isolation of parts of the society that require human and animal health services and (3) The use of resources and skills that are easily transferable between human and animal health.The paper concludes that One Health approaches are applicable in many scenarios. However, the costs of getting people from different disciplines to work together in order to achieve a true One Health approach can be large. To generate tangible benefits requires careful management of specialist skills, knowledge and equipment, which can only be achieved by a greater openness of the human and animal health disciplines. Without this openness, policy makers will continue to doubt the real value of One Health. In summary the future success of One Health is about people working in the research, education and provision of health systems around the world embracing and managing change more effectively.

scholarly journals The Broad Range of Coronaviruses Co-existing in Chiropteran: Implications for One Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-180
Author(s):  
D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana ◽  
Catalina Toro-Ortiz ◽  
Paula Jimenez-Salazar ◽  
Valeria Guevara-Manso ◽  
S. Daniela Jimenez-Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Human Species ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea ◽  
Diarrhea Disease ◽  
Diarrhea Syndrome ◽  
Different Parts

Bats are a group of mammals that harbor the most significant number of coronaviruses. The aim of present review article was to analyze the broad spectrum of the coronavirus coexisting in Chiropterans hosts. Bats have certain types of cell receptors that allow them to be the potential hosts of a large number of viruses without the presence of any clinical manifestations, and to be a source of contagion infections for other animals and human species. Emphasis can be placed on five coronaviruses, such as Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Disease, Severe Acute Diarrhea Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2, which have had significant impacts causing epidemic outbreaks in different parts of the world, and generating implications for both human and animal health. In conclusion, recent research indicated the importance of bats as potential hosts of multiple coroaviruses leading to some zoonotic diseases.

scholarly journals Towards One Health: Increasing Awareness of Animal Health Among Public Health Stakeholders

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda C. Dórea ◽  
Céline Dupuy ◽  
Judy E. Akkina
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
One Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Public Health Workers ◽  
The One ◽  
Great Public Health

The recent focus on the 'One Medicine' concept has resulted in an increased awareness that the control of diseases in animal populations, whether zoonotic or not, can be of great public health importance. However, awareness of the activities developed in the field of animal health is still low among public health workers. In this roundtable the facilitators will encourage discussion regarding what can public and animal health learn from each other, focusing particularly on how this cooperation can be promoted.

scholarly journals The Integration of Human and Veterinary Studies for Better Understanding and Management of Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciaran Gilbride ◽  
Jack Saunders ◽  
Hannah Sharpe ◽  
Emmanuel Atangana Maze ◽  
Georgina Limon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Animal Reservoir ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

Outbreaks that occur as a result of zoonotic spillover from an animal reservoir continue to highlight the importance of studying the disease interface between species. One Health approaches recognise the interdependence of human and animal health and the environmental interplay. Improving the understanding and prevention of zoonotic diseases may be achieved through greater consideration of these relationships, potentially leading to better health outcomes across species. In this review, special emphasis is given on the emerging and outbreak pathogen Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever virus (CCHFV) that can cause severe disease in humans. We discuss the efforts undertaken to better understand CCHF and the importance of integrating veterinary and human research for this pathogen. Furthermore, we consider the use of closely related nairoviruses to model human disease caused by CCHFV. We discuss intervention approaches with potential application for managing CCHFV spread, and how this concept may benefit both animal and human health.

scholarly journals THE APPROACH OF ONE HEALTH CONCEPT IN ADDRESSING THE SPREAD OF ZOONOTIC DISEASES IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Faika Rachmawati ◽  
Khariri Khariri
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
And Control

Most infectious diseases in the world are zoonotic diseases. Zoonotic diseases are now a public health problem that is taking the world's attention because it can cause a pandemic. Zoonotic pandemic diseases can have a very large impact on people's social and economic life. This article is a literature review of the approach of one health concept in addressing the spread of zoonotic diseases in Indonesia. Data collection is carried out through research libraries in the form of scientific journals, books, articles in mass media, and online media. Improving the world of livestock in Indonesia has an impact on humans and the environment. This can increase the risk of transmitting various infectious diseases from animals to humans. The spread of disease occurs quickly and can reach areas not limited by cities, islands, even continents. Zoonotic diseases are closely related to animals and humans, so the planning and control efforts undertaken must involve many people in charge, especially in the animal, human and environmental health sectors. Starting from the joint vigilance, the concept of One Health was born. One health approach needs to involve cross-sectoral and cross-disciplinary by integrating professional concepts in animal health and human health. The concept of one health comprehensively looks at the components related to the process of emergence and spread of zoonotic diseases so that the picture of the disease is more complete and makes it easier to overcome.

scholarly journals A Smartphone App (AfyaData) for Innovative One Health Disease Surveillance from Community to National Levels in Africa: Intervention in Disease Surveillance (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esron Daniel Karimuribo ◽  
Eric Mutagahywa ◽  
Calvin Sindato ◽  
Leonard Mboera ◽  
Mpoki Mwabukusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Outbreak Detection ◽  
Disease Detection ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Prompt Response

BACKGROUND We describe the development and initial achievements of a participatory disease surveillance system that relies on mobile technology to promote Community Level One Health Security (CLOHS) in Africa. OBJECTIVE The objective of this system, Enhancing Community-Based Disease Outbreak Detection and Response in East and Southern Africa (DODRES), is to empower community-based human and animal health reporters with training and information and communication technology (ICT)–based solutions to contribute to disease detection and response, thereby complementing strategies to improve the efficiency of infectious disease surveillance at national, regional, and global levels. In this study, we refer to techno-health as the application of ICT-based solutions to enhance early detection, timely reporting, and prompt response to health events in human and animal populations. METHODS An EpiHack, involving human and animal health experts as well as ICT programmers, was held in Tanzania in 2014 to identify major challenges facing early detection, timely reporting, and prompt response to disease events. This was followed by a project inception workshop in 2015, which brought together key stakeholders, including policy makers and community representatives, to refine the objectives and implementation plan of the DODRES project. The digital ICT tools were developed and packaged together as the AfyaData app to support One Health disease surveillance. Community health reporters (CHRs) and officials from animal and human health sectors in Morogoro and Ngorongoro districts in Tanzania were trained to use the AfyaData app. The AfyaData supports near- to real-time data collection and submission at both community and health facility levels as well as the provision of feedback to reporters. The functionality of the One Health Knowledge Repository (OHKR) app has been integrated into the AfyaData app to provide health information on case definitions of diseases of humans and animals and to synthesize advice that can be transmitted to CHRs with next step response activities or interventions. Additionally, a WhatsApp social group was made to serve as a platform to sustain interactions between community members, local government officials, and DODRES team members. RESULTS Within the first 5 months (August-December 2016) of AfyaData tool deployment, a total of 1915 clinical cases in livestock (1816) and humans (99) were reported in Morogoro (83) and Ngorongoro (1832) districts. CONCLUSIONS These initial results suggest that the DODRES community-level model creates an opportunity for One Health engagement of people in their own communities in the detection of infectious human and animal disease threats. Participatory approaches supported by digital and mobile technologies should be promoted for early disease detection, timely reporting, and prompt response at the community, national, regional, and global levels.

scholarly journals Public Awareness in ensuring Animal Originated Food Safety : A Review on “One Health” Approach in Veterinary Medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
A. T. Soelih Estoepangestie
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Human Health ◽  
One Health ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

Human and animals live in the same ecosystem bound one to another interdependently and build an harmony in an ecosystem. Since the time of Hippocrates, the One Health concept has existed, which is now we can find in AVMA’s web page, the words “on Airs, Waters, and Places”. One of the One Health’s founders is an epidemilogist, Dr. Calvin W. Schwabe, captured the word “One Medicine” in his book, Veterinary Medicine and Human Health. Now we live in this century can feel the existence of various health problems involving human health and animal health affected one to another.Antimicrobial resistance issues is nowadays one of the challenge facing the medicine. Veterinary Services has a plenty history of applying veterinary public health principles to protect human health through animals and animal products saftey. The Veterinary role in the AMR problems is not a question. The use of drugs, includes antimicrobial, in veterinary practices can not be hindered, that is all to ensure safety not just for animals but also for humanbeing. Microbes contamination in the preparation of animal originated food, from farm to fork, is the main problem in connection to the animal originated food safety. Public services in this field is the entry point of microbes contamination which causing the decrease of food quality. To change the people’s behaviour in processing of animal originated food chain is not easy. Continuing public awareness in preparing safety food is one of athe best way to ensure the intelectuality of a nation Keywords:   Global health problem; Animal originated food ; Food safety in Indonesia; Human-animal health interactions; From farm to fork; Public awareness

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