Genetic diversity and promotion plant growth of culturable endophytic diazotrophs associated with seashore paspalum cultivars

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Tianzeng Liu ◽  
Chaonan Zhai ◽  
Juming Zhang ◽  
Jeffrey A. Coulter
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seashore Paspalum

scholarly journals Measurement of Genetic Diversity of Chinese Seashore Paspalum Resources through Morphological and Sequence-related Amplified Polymorphism Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (6) ◽  
pp. 379-386
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Hailin Guo ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Jingang Shi ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Germplasm Resources ◽  
Seashore Paspalum ◽  
Chinese Germplasm

Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) is a notable warm-season turfgrass. Certain germplasm resources are distributed in the southern regions of China. The objectives of this study were to investigate the genetic diversity and genetic variation of Chinese seashore paspalum resources. Morphological characteristics and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers were used to assess genetic relationships and genetic variation among 36 germplasm resources from China and six cultivars from the United States. The results showed significant variation for 13 morphological characteristics among 42 tested seashore paspalum accessions, and that the phenotypic cv was, in turn, turf height > turf density > internode length > inflorescence density > leaf width > reproductive branch height > spikelet width > leaf length > spikelet number > inflorescence length > internode diameter > inflorescence width > spikelet length. According to the morphological characteristics and cluster analysis, 42 seashore paspalum accessions were divided into six morphological types. In total, 374 clear bands were amplified using 30 SRAP primer combinations; among these bands, 321 were polymorphic with 85.83% polymorphism. SRAP marker cluster analysis showed that 42 seashore paspalum accessions were grouped into seven major groups, with a genetic similarity coefficient ranging from 0.4385 to 0.9893 and genetic distance values ranging from 0.0108 to 0.8244. The high level of genetic diversity occurred among Chinese germplasm, and the genetic distance was relatively high between Chinese germplasm and cultivars introduced from the United States. The patterns in morphological trait variations and genetic diversity will be useful for the further exploitation and use of Chinese seashore paspalum resources.

Genetic diversity and plant-growth related features of Burkholderia spp. from sugarcane roots

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1829-1836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danice M. Luvizotto ◽  
Joelma Marcon ◽  
Fernando D. Andreote ◽  
Francisco Dini-Andreote ◽  
Aline A. C. Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Growth

scholarly journals Influence of Plant Growth Regulators and Herbicides on Suppression of Bermudagrass in Seashore Paspalum

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson ◽  
Ronny R. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Seashore Paspalum ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Athletic Fields ◽  
Common Bermudagrass

Abstract Bermudagrass encroachment into seashore paspalum continues to be a concern on golf courses, athletic fields, and other turf areas. Four field experiments were conducted in Georgia during 2000 through 2002 to determine timing, rates, and frequency of chemical treatments needed to suppress bermudagrass and determine tolerance of paspalum. Prograss applied in multiple applications during spring and summer months did not suppress bermudagrass cultivars as effectively as did tank-mixes of Prograss + Cutless. Prograss applied at the X rate [1.7 kg/ha (1.5 lb ai/A)] in four or five applications per year resulted in < 70% bermudagrass suppression on 52% of the rating dates while the injury to paspalum cultivars was > 40% at one-half the dates. Bermudagrass suppression was not consistent throughout the three year period when treated with Prograss + Cutless. However, the suppression was equal to or higher when Prograss + Cutless were applied initially at the ¾ X [1 X= 1.7 + 0.84 kg/ha (1.5 + 0.75 lb ai/A)] and followed by three to four additional ½ X applications during the spring and summer than other rates. By late summer in 2000 and 2001, the suppression of common bermudagrass from the tank-mixed treatments was ≤ 70% more times than either Tifway or TifSport bermudagrass. In some instances, the treatments caused > 40% injury to different paspalum cultivars at sometime during the spring and summer of each year. This was true when the initial ¾ X rate was followed by multiple ½ X rates. By late summer the injury to Sea Isle I was 65% in 2001 but only 40% in 2002. The injury to Sea Isle I during spring and summer was > 40% at 10 of 16 rating dates in 2001, but only once in 2002. In contrast, the injury to Sea Isle 2000 by late summer was 38% in 2001 and 15% in 2002, but did not exceed the 40% anytime either year. Injury to Excalibur also varied from the same Prograss + Cutless treatments and it was > 40% at 11of 16 rating dates in 2001, but did not exceed the 40% at anytime during 2002. Even through injury to paspalum was > 40% from these rates for a number of dates during spring and summer, it was within an acceptable range (≤ 40%) for all cultivars by late summer except Sea Isle I in 2001 (65%). Tank-mixes of Prograss + Primo did not improve bermudagrass suppression when compared with tank-mixes of Prograss + Cutless. The safety of paspalum cultivars to tank-mixes of Prograss + Cutless was not improved with Fe + N compared with Prograss + Cutless alone. All Envoy, Arsenal, Fusilade, and Prograss + Fusilade treatments severely injured (> 70%) all paspalum cultivars and should not be applied to a mixed bermudagrass-paspalum turf for bermudagrass suppression.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and morphological characteristics of native seashore paspalum in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahayu Rahayu ◽  
Fatimah Suwardjo ◽  
Ji Bae Eun ◽  
Geun Mo Yang ◽  
Soo Choi Joon
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Seashore Paspalum ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Marker Cluster

Abstract. Rahayu, Fatimah, Bae EJ, Mo YG, Choi JS. 2020. Genetic diversity and morphological characteristics of native seashore paspalum in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 4981-4989. Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) is a warm-season turfgrass indigenous to tropical and coastal areas worldwide. The objectives of this study were to measure the genetic diversity and genetic variation of Indonesian seashore paspalum germplasm. Three turf quality, six morphological characters, and ten SSR (microsatellite) markers were used to assess genetic relationships and genetic variation among 22 germplasm resources from Indonesia and one commercial variety (Salam) from United States of America. The results showed significant variation for five morphological characters among 23 tested seashore paspalum accessions. The cluster analysis of morphological characters of 23 seashore paspalum accessions using 0,6 cut off divided into three morphological types: tall high-density, intermediate, and dwarf low-density ecotype. The genetic variation revealed 22 alleles with average number of alleles per locus was 2 and polymorphism information content (PIC) values average was 0.33. The microsatellite marker cluster analysis showed that 23 seashore paspalum accessions were grouped into two major groups, with a genetic similarity coefficient was 0,72. The low level of genetic diversity occurred among Indonesia natural grass germplasm and the genetic distance was relatively low between Indonesian germplasm and Salam variety. The genetic diversity and morphological characteristics will be useful for further study and utilization of Indonesian seashore paspalum germplasm.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and plant growth promoting traits of diazotrophic bacteria isolated from two Pennisetum purpureum Schum. genotypes grown in the field

2011 ◽  
Vol 356 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Sampaio Videira ◽  
Danilo Messias de Oliveira ◽  
Rafael Fiusa de Morais ◽  
Wardsson Lustrino Borges ◽  
Vera Lúcia Divan Baldani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum Schum ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Traits

scholarly journals Functional and Genetic Diversity of Bacteria Associated with the Surfaces of Agronomic Plants

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basharat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Auxin Production ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity and agricultural significance of bacterial communities associated with the surfaces of selected agronomic plants (carrot, cabbage and turnip). The bacterial diversity of fresh agricultural produce was targeted to identify beneficial plant microflora or opportunistic human pathogens that may be associated with the surfaces of plants. Bacterial strains were screened in vitro for auxin production, biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed the presence of several bacterial genera including Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Bacillus, Kluyvera, Lysinibacillus, Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Serratia, Staphylococcus, Burkholderia, Exiguobacterium, Stenotrophomonas, Arthrobacter and Klebsiella. To address the biosafety issue, the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of strains was determined against different antibiotics. The majority of the strains were resistant to amoxicillin (25 µg) and nalidixic acid (30 µg). Strains were also screened for plant growth-promoting attributes to evaluate their positive interaction with colonized plants. Maximum auxin production was observed with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia MCt-1 (101 µg mL−1) and Bacillus cereus PCt-1 (97 µg mL−1). Arthrobacter nicotianae Lb-41 and Exiguobacterium mexicanum MCb-4 were strong biofilm producers. In conclusion, surfaces of raw vegetables were inhabited by different bacterial genera. Potential human pathogens such as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus anthracis, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter amnigenus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were also isolated, which makes the biosafety of these vegetable a great concern for the local community. Nevertheless, these microbes also harbor beneficial plant growth-promoting traits that indicated their positive interaction with their host plants. In particular, bacterial auxin production may facilitate the growth of agronomic plants under natural conditions. Moreover, biofilm formation may help bacteria to colonize plant surfaces to show positive interactions with host plants.

scholarly journals Frequency and Biodiversity of 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol-Producing Bacteria Isolated from the Maize Rhizosphere at Different Stages of Plant Growth

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 948-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Picard ◽  
F. Di Cello ◽  
M. Ventura ◽  
R. Fani ◽  
A. Guckert
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Maize Rhizosphere ◽  
High Level ◽  
Ribosomal Dnas ◽  
Amplified Rdna Restriction Analysis ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT A Pseudomonas 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG)-producing population that occurred naturally on the roots, in rhizosphere soil of Zea mays and in the nonrhizosphere soil was investigated in order to assess the microbial diversity at five stages of plant growth. A total of 1,716 isolates were obtained, and 188 of these isolates were able to produce DAPG. DAPG producers were isolated at each stage of plant growth, indicating that the maize rhizosphere is colonized by natural DAPG producers throughout development. The frequency of DAPG producers was very low in the first stage of plant growth and increased over time. An analysis of the level of biodiversity of the DAPG producers at the species level was performed by comparing the AluI restriction patterns of the 16S ribosomal DNAs (rDNAs) amplified by PCR from 167 isolates. This comparison allowed us to cluster the isolates into four amplified rDNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) groups, and the main group (ARDRA group 1) contained 89.8% of the isolates. The diversity of the 150 isolates belonging to ARDRA group 1 was analyzed by the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. An analysis of RAPD patterns by a molecular variance method revealed that there was a high level of genetic diversity in this population and that the genetic diversity was related to plant age. Finally, we found that some of the DAPG producers, which originated from all stages of plant growth, had the same genotype. These DAPG producers could be exploited in future screening programs for biocontrol agents.

scholarly journals Plant growth, accumulation and solute partitioning of four forest species under salt stress

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo A. Viégas ◽  
José E. Queiroz ◽  
Lígia M. de M. Silva ◽  
Joaquim A. G. Silveira ◽  
Iza M. A. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Forest Species

Under NaCl-salinity Na+ and Cl- accumulation of shoot and root vary greatly among glycophyte plants; this is mostly due to genetic diversity and has been utilized to distinguish between plant responses to salinity. The current study aimed to evaluate the accumulation and Na+ and Cl- tissue partitioning and its effect on dry mass gain and K+ accumulation in one-month-old Prosopis juliflora, Leucaena leucocephala, Piptadenia macrocarpa and Mimosa hostilis seedlings grown for 30 days, in sand watered with nutrient solution loading 100 mol m-3 of NaCl, in greenhouse. The Na+ and Cl- accumulation, but not partitioning between shoot and root, depended on plant species. All the plants accumulated Cl- over Na+ both in shoot and root. The K+ content of plants did not significantly vary in shoot but decreased in root due to salinity. The ability of these plants to avoid damaging the metabolism due to salinity may result, in part, from a high shoot-K+ to Na+ ratio. Leucaena leucocephala had the higher decrease of total dry matter (60%) and lower shoot-K+ to Na+ ratio (0.40), while Prosopis juliflora had lower decrease of total dry matter (15%) and had K+ to Na+ ratio of shoot about 3 times more. Evidence is presented supporting a role for increased K+ to Na+ ratios in adaptation of plants to osmotic and ionic stresses.

scholarly journals Screening of chilli pepper genotypes against anthracnose (Colletotrichum brevisporum)

2020 ◽  
pp. 919
Author(s):  
Leonor Cristina Silva Souza ◽  
Luiz Alberto Guimarães Assis ◽  
Aricléia de Moraes Catarino ◽  
Rogério Eiji Hanada
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Chilli Pepper ◽  
Plant Growth Habit ◽  
Important Disease ◽  
Colletotrichum Brevisporum

Anthracnose is the most important disease of chili pepper pimenta-de-cheiro (Capsicum chinense Jacq.). This species is widely cultivated in dryland areas in the Amazon, presenting high genetic diversity. Therefore, it presents a high potential for use in breeding. The objective of this study was to select pepper genotypes with potential resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum brevisporum). For this purpose, ripe fruits of pepper were acquired from the producing farms in the municipalities of Iranduba, Manacapuru, Rio Preto da Eva and Presidente Figueiredo. The experiments were conducted in seedlings (Phase I) and in mature and immature fruits (Phase II). The evaluation of the disease severity was performed using a scale of scores. The morphoagronomic characterization of the genotypes considered the fruits in the immature and mature stages and plant growth habit. The injured areas in the immature fruits ranged from 0.3 to 9.7 cm2 and in the mature areas, it ranged from 0.2 to 9.9 cm2. The genotypes RPE41 and MPU29 indicated resistance to anthracnose in both stages. The morphoagronomic characterization of the fruits revealed variability for mass (5.58 to 13.74 g), length [C] (4.08 to 8.16 cm), diameter [D] (1.74 to 2.54 cm), L/D ratio (1.88 to 4.70) and color of the fruit.

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