Manifesto of the Alliance for Human Rights in China

1979 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Public Meetings ◽  
The People ◽  
A Charge ◽  
The Masses ◽  
High Level ◽  
Contradictions Among The People

The repression of dissent and the arrest of a number of human rights activists in Peking last April was not unexpected. For one thing, this repression has confirmed the general belief that the authorities in China have no time for legality in any Western sense of the word. The idea that a citizen should be entitled to civil rights, held independently from the Communist Party and the State, is nearly always dismissed as a bourgeois absurdity. The Catch-22 logic of Mao's concept of the ‘contradictions among the people’ was manifested once again: the people do have a right to speak out freely, should fully air their views, hold serious debate on national issues, and write dazibaos (wall posters). But if they go too far, if they abuse that right, they are no longer allowed to exercise it. They become ‘reactionaries’. The ‘movement for democratic freedoms and respect for human rights’ started in mid-November 1978 and lasted until April of this year, becoming known as the ‘Peking Spring’. As part of their campaign, the activists held public meetings and organised demonstrations in the streets of Peking, as well as in the provinces. Dazibaos were put up on the Democracy Wall at Xidan Square in the centre of Peking. Unofficial publications were sold in the streets. Among the various publications to emerge from the movement were: The Fifth April Tribune, Today, Bulletin of References for the Masses, Tribune of the People, The Alliance for Human Rights, and Tansuo (‘Explorations’). Among the unknown number of those arrested were two well-known leaders of the movement: Wei Jingsheng, 29, electrician, publisher and editor of Tansuo. He is also the author of ‘The Fifth Modernisation’ and ‘Qin Cheng No. 1’, which describes a prison for high-level cadres in the suburb of Peking. Also detained is Ren Wanding, 35, a worker, and one of the leaders of the Alliance for Human Rights in China. Both men have been condemned by the authorities as ‘counter-revolutionaries’, a charge that carries capital punishment.

The State of Human Rights in the African Post-Colonial Politics

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-106
Author(s):  
Theoneste Bimenyimana
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Economic Exploitation ◽  
The People ◽  
Current Affairs ◽  
Neoliberal Ideology ◽  
Foreign Politics

"The aim of this study is to identify and critically assess the effects of appropriation of foreign political ideologies and practices in African political systems. This paper argues that there should be no leader, whatever his worth; look on his own personal problems to be exploited for the benefits of western’s Politics. Which will enable the African systems to develop, secondly, argues that Human Rights should be looked at to be an apportioned – responsibility, shared by both the former colonial powers and the current post-colonial political elites, rather than seeing Human rights promotion as yet another excuse to interfere or control other sovereign nations. The study will involve qualitative research involving reviewing other authors' literature, identifying current affairs, and critical assessing the ways in which neo-colonialism affects the different societies in transition from a colonial past to independence. The study is based on the fact that colonized countries, during the Cold War, suffered political oppression, economic exploitation, and social degradation, while alignment either with the capitalist or communist ideology failed. Currently there is a felt pressure to adopt a neoliberal ideology in order to access to have access to aid and investment. The study concludes with recommendations to third world leaders, to look at the people they lead as their responsibility, since no leader, whatever his/her worth, can replace the will of people. This results in a felt need to embrace democracy and such democratic values as: strong institutions, an independent judiciary and the separation of powers, individual and minority rights, and civil rights. Keywords: postcolonial politics, appropriation of foreign politics, human rights, principled values of democracy, the inability of African leaders "

scholarly journals Политика Уполномоченного По Правам Человека На Государственной Службе В Республике Татарстан, Россия (Policies of The Commissioner For Human Rights In Public Service In The Republic of Tatarstan, Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Vladimirov Mladenov ◽  
Gine Putri Pertiwi ◽  
Refly Setiawan ◽  
Siti Indarini Nur Faizah ◽  
Abdurrahman Abdurrahman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
The People ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Government Institution

AbstractThe Commissioner for Human Rights is a government institution that provides protection for the rights of the people in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. The establishment of the Human Rights Commissioner in the Russian Federation as a state body is one of the most important achievements of the transformation of democracy in Russia. In the Republic of Tatarstan, the Institute of Commissioners for Human Rights was established in 2000 in accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of Tatarstan to strengthen guarantees of state protection of human and civil rights and freedoms, to promote their observance and respect. by state agencies, local governments and officials. This study aims to explain how the Policies of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Republic of Tatarstan are related to public services and to find out how the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Republic of Tatarstan provides the best service for the entire community. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a descriptive analysis approach. The results show that the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Republic of Tatarstan has made a policy that is appropriate for the welfare of the community and carries out its duties properly based on the main duties and functions of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Republic of Tatarstan.Keywords: Policy, Commissioner for Human Rights, Public Services, Society of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia AbstrakKomisaris Hak Asasi Manusia merupakan sebuah lembaga pemerintahan yang memberikan perlindungan terhadap hak masyarakat di Republik Tatarstan, Rusia. Pembentukan lembaga Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia di Federasi Rusia sebagai badan negara merupakan salah satu capaian terpenting dari transformasi demokrasi di Rusia. Di Republik Tatarstan, Lembaga Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia didirikan pada tahun 2000 sesuai dengan Konstitusi Republik Tatarstan untuk memperkuat jaminan perlindungan negara atas hak asasi dan kebebasan manusia dan sipil, untuk mempromosikan ketaatan dan penghormatan mereka. oleh badan-badan negara bagian, pemerintah daerah dan pejabat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana Kebijakan Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia di Republik Tatarstan terkait dengan pelayanan public dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Tatarstan dalam memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik bagi seluruh masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia di  Republik Tatarstan telah membuat suatu kebijakan yang tepat bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat dan menjalankan tugasnya dengan baik berdasarkan tugas pokok dan fungsi Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia di Republik Tatarstan.Kata Kunci: Kebijakan,  Komisaris Hak Asasi Manusia, Pelayanan Publik, Masyarakat Republik Tatarstan, Rusia АннотацияУполномоченный по правам человека - это государственное учреждение, обеспечивающее защиту прав людей в Республике Татарстан, Россия. Создание Уполномоченного по правам человека в Российской Федерации как государственного органа - одно из важнейших достижений трансформации демократии в России. В Республике Татарстан Институт уполномоченных по правам человека был создан в 2000 году в соответствии с Конституцией Республики Татарстан с целью усиления гарантий государственной защиты прав и свобод человека и гражданина, содействия их соблюдению и уважению. государственными органами, органами местного самоуправления и должностными лицами. Это исследование направлено на объяснение того, как политика Уполномоченного по правам человека в Республике Татарстан связана с государственными услугами, и на то, чтобы выяснить, как Уполномоченный по правам человека Республики Татарстан предоставляет наилучшие услуги для всего сообщества. Метод, использованный в этом исследовании, представляет собой качественный метод исследования с подходом описательного анализа. Результаты показывают, что Уполномоченный по правам человека в Республике Татарстан разработал политику, которая соответствует благосостоянию общества и выполняет свои обязанности должным образом, исходя из основных обязанностей и функций Уполномоченного по правам человека в Республике Татарстан. Татарстан.Ключевые слова: Политика, Уполномоченный по правам человека, Государственные службы, Общество Республики Татарстан, Россия  

scholarly journals La Peine de Mort et le Droit à la Vie.

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 4322-4326
Author(s):  
Louis Mendy
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
Large Majority ◽  
Moral Duty ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

Death Penalty has been practiced since human beings decided to constitute nations and live in countries. It was institutionalized to get rid of people who were supposed to be harmful to societies. However, proponents of Capital Punishment do not seem to understand that people may be executed because of their evil acts, but their death will never wipe evil out of their societies. Since the ratification of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by a very large majority of countries in the world, the legality and legitimacy of Death Penalty have been constantly questioned by human rights defenders. Even the three major and revealed religions: Christianity, Judaism and Islam recognize that life is a sacred right from God. For the people who are against Death Penalty, Capital Punishment is akin to a premeditated voluntary homicide by a government. Even if Death Penalty is considered as a deterrent in many societies, it has never been proven that it can stop people from committing murders. The abolition of Death Penalty is nowadays a moral duty for all governments. Even a moratorium is proposed to countries which have not abolished it yet. The tendency today is the total abolition of Capital Punishment in the world and its restoration by countries that have already abolished it is something unheard of, retrograde and senseless.

scholarly journals The Concept Of Solidarity As A Factor In The Realization Of Human And Civil Rights And Freedoms In Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
O.S. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
The State ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
The People ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

The article is devoted to the study of the role and significance of guarantees of individual rights and freedoms in Ukraine. The author defines that they are important factors in the economic, political, legal, cultural and other spheres of society that create conditions for the real possibility of exercising the rights and freedoms of the individual. The concept of solidarity excludes the idea of class struggle, the revolutionary path of development of society. According to this concept, the focus is on the social nature of the state: socio-economic, cultural, environmental rights of citizens are ensured with the participation of the state, which pursues an active socio-economic policy aimed at redistribution of funds for the most vulnerable, employment, social insurance, development affordable education, health care, etc. Guarantees for the realization of human and civil rights, freedoms and responsibilities can be described as a system of conditions and means that together ensure the exercise of constitutional human and civil rights, freedoms and responsibilities. The effectiveness of this system depends on various factors, but the main among them is the presence of certain elements in the system of government. These include: a) the existence of the Basic Law, the effect of which cannot be terminated arbitrarily; b) the definition of state power derived from the power of the people and the Constitution; c) consolidation at the constitutional level of fundamental rights, freedoms and responsibilities of man and citizen and the means and conditions of their exercise; d) the existence of an independent judiciary; e) the opportunity to protect their rights with the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and in international human rights organizations. It is also proposed to solve certain issues of realization of human rights and freedoms in Ukraine through the implementation of the concept of solidarity - the principle of building a social system in which its members (citizens, families, ethnic groups, religious denominations, social groups, political parties, business corporations, etc.) have a real legal and socio-political subjectivity , on the basis of which their rights, opportunities and interests can be consolidated and solidified in order to achieve consensus goals (common good) in social frameworks of different scales (local, national, global).

scholarly journals Poverty of Leadership, Coronavirus and Sustainable Development in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Ephraim Ahamefula Ikegbu ◽  
Godwin C. S. Iwuchukwu ◽  
Ekanem Samuel Aloysius ◽  
Chrisantus Kanayochukwu Ariche
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Democratic Leadership ◽  
The People ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Masses ◽  
High Level

Historically, Nigeria as a socio-political formation has experienced and still experiencing about 21 years of uninterrupted democratic rule since the civilian takeover of leadership through the ballot box from the military in May 1999. All over the world, civilian or democratic leadership is remarkable for its freedom of expression/speech, rule of law, quality leadership through the provision of infrastructure, health care facilities, quality education and other social amenities. This paper which shall use analytic, expository and rational methods argued that poor leadership, in appropriate policies and pursuit of personal drives have denied the masses the benefit of good leadership and governance. The paper argues further that absence of leadership credentials and rationality have further placed Nigeria on a cross road thereby making it unable to take appropriate steps in combating the novel coronavirus pandemic. Leadership ineptitudeness, political and financial rascality, corruption and high –level ethnic and religious profligacy have denied the people adequate development of education and health sector, which made it difficult for Nigeria to respond positively in the fight against coronavirus. The paper concludes, that consistent and pragmatic elimination/erosion of ethno-religious, linguistic and cultural boundaries from our consciousness will birth into positive mental restructuring of the leadership class that will navigate into a process of positive direction that will make Nigeria to respond positively towards finding solution to problems rather than depending on the west, development of home grown medicine remains a combative therapy in a hopeless situation such as this 2020 global living. Keywords: Poverty, Coronavirus, Leadership, Sustainable, Development

Mechatronic Global Economy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaideftos Chaideftos
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
The People ◽  
The Masses ◽  
High Level

People dealing with problems because they follow the standards of the ancient geniuses that invented the outdated printing money, currencies, countries – borders, armies, religions, languages, parliaments, politicians & etc for personal interests.Life is a theater where each actor/actress gives a daily performance to the work that have written by a high level intelligent person or by high level intelligent people by the ancient years & still written from the geniuses that affect the masses. To escape someone from this work he/she must be aware about the situation, he/she must be genius & he/she must wield influence to the people in order to wake up them from the technical reality that has been created & still created by the big personalities of the planet.An abstract by Chaideftos Chaideftos.

Capital punishment in China: A populist instrument of social governance

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Miao
Keyword(s):  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Social Fragmentation ◽  
Social Governance ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Maoist China ◽  
Party State

Contrary to the assumption that authoritarian authorities are insensitive to popular demands for justice, the Chinese penal regime has been highly attentive and responsive to public sentiments since its early days. As an instrument for the authorities to govern the country in the name of the people, capital punishment functioned as a tool for political struggles in Maoist China and later served as a tool to fight crimes in Deng’s reform era. Nowadays, the demands of the masses for revenge, justice and equality have been translated into a fervent passion for capital punishment for certain offences and offenders. By reaching out to satisfy these public demands and sentiments, the party-state hopes to enhance its political legitimacy. In this sense, the death penalty serves as a populist mechanism to strengthen the resilience of the authoritarian party-state by venting public anxiety and resentment towards social problems created in the processes of China’s rapid modernization and social fragmentation.

scholarly journals The Model Construction and Path Exploration of Ruling by Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuanming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
The State ◽  
Dynamic Mode ◽  
Development Path ◽  
The People ◽  
Development Route ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Masses

From the time when it came to power, the Chinese Communist Party’s mode of governance has shifted from "ruling according to policies" to "ruling according to law." Domestic scholars have done a lot of discussion on the basic connotation and related concepts of governing by law. Most of these theoretical discussions are static and are an analysis and explanation of the actual situation. The Communist Party’s ruling turn is an inevitable choice of regularity within the ruling logic, and more of a dynamic choice. The study of the logic of governing by law can more clearly discover the law of development followed by the Communist Party's way of governing. After this static analysis, the development route within the logic can be extracted. Combining the research results of academia, construct a dynamic mode of governing by law, find the subject, object and development path of governing by law, so as to clarify the reasonable boundary of civil rights, party power and political power, coordinate the development relationship among the masses, political parties and the state, and standardize The progressive process of the will of the people, the will of the party, and the will of the state.

scholarly journals Death Penalty for Corruptors: Between the Human Rights and Challenges of Progress in Indonesian Law

FIAT JUSTISIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Toba Sastrawan Manik ◽  
Sunarso Sunarso
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Public Corruption

The study concerned here examined students' perceptions of death penalty existence for corruptors. Corruption is a significant problem that captures the attention of the wider public. Corruption has a vast, systematic, and complex impact so that it could be classified as an extraordinary crime. Despite that classification, it turns out that the public considers corruptors’ punishment in Indonesia still too light and has not met the public’s expectations regarding justice. The people still feel the disparity in a penalty for corruption. The public believes capital punishment to a punishment option that could cause a deterrent effect. The majority of the public wants corruptors to be sentenced to death, but there is opposition to the death penalty on the grounds of upholding human rights. This study was conducted by students of the Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PPKn) or Department of Pancasila and Citizenship, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan. It is found in the study that students agree on the death penalty for corruptors, that they do not see human rights as an excuse for rejecting the death penalty. Moreover, the death penalty is to be viewed as a breakthrough in combating corruption in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Oil exploitation and human rights violations in Nigeria’s oil producing communities

Afrika Focus ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubayo Oluduro
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Corporate Accountability ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Weak Institutions ◽  
The People ◽  
National Human ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level

This work found that the continuous violations of human rights of the people to- gether with the poor regulation of oil MNCs in Nigeria are caused by a combination of several factors including: an inadequate legal framework which denies local inhabitants of their rights to land and natural resources; scant regard for environmental considerations; poor enforcement of the relevant environmental laws meant to protect the people and the environment; the Nigerian state ́s over-reliance on oil; prolonged military rule; a high level of corruption in the oil industry and the entire body polity of Nigeria; non-justiciability of the right to a clean environment; and weak institutions such as the judiciary and the National Human Rights Commission. All of these deficiencies continue to date. Coming at a time when governments worldwide are striving to ensure corporate accountability for their activities in host nations, this work is unique in that it incisively analyses how the national and regional institutions could be strengthened to provide effective protection against human rights abuses and ensure corporate accountability. The strengthening of these institutions and the promotion of a rights-based approach to environmental justice in the Niger Delta region therefore deserves concentrated attention and efforts by all actors in the industry. 

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