Immuno-modulatory effect of probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 in polarized human colonic cells against Campylobacter jejuni infection

The sources for drinking water in Finland are surface water, groundwater or artificially recharged groundwater. There are approximately 1400 groundwater plants in Finland that are microbiologically at a high risk level because in most cases they do not use any disinfection treatment. Campylobacter jejuni has caused waterborne epidemics in several countries. Since the middle of the 1980s, C. jejuni has been identified as the causative agent in several waterborne outbreaks in Finland. Between 1998 and 2001, C. jejuni or C. upsaliensis caused seven reported waterborne epidemics. In these epidemics approximately 4000 people acquired the illness. Most of the outbreaks occurred in July, August , September or October. In four of them source water and net water samples were analysed for total coliforms or fecal coliforms, E. coli and campylobacters. We showed that large volumes of water samples in studies of indicator organisms (up to 5000 ml) and campylobacters (4000–20,000 ml) increased the possibility to identify faecal contamination and to detect the causative agent from suspected sources.

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Antimicrobial Efficacy and Spectrum of Phosphorous-Fluorine Co-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella Typhimurium, Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, Shewanella putrefaciens, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10081786 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1786

Author(s):

György Schneider ◽

Bettina Schweitzer ◽

Anita Steinbach ◽

Botond Zsombor Pertics ◽

Alysia Cox ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Campylobacter Jejuni ◽

Food Industry ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Tio2 Nps ◽

E Coli ◽

Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Co Doped

Contamination of meats and meat products with foodborne pathogenic bacteria raises serious safety issues in the food industry. The antibacterial activities of phosphorous-fluorine co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (PF-TiO2) were investigated against seven foodborne pathogenic bacteria: Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella Typhimurium, Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, Shewanella putrefaciens, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. PF-TiO2 NPs were synthesized hydrothermally at 250 °C for 1, 3, 6 or 12 h, and then tested at three different concentrations (500 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, 20 μg/mL) for the inactivation of foodborne bacteria under UVA irradiation, daylight exposure or dark conditions. The antibacterial efficacies were compared after 30 min of exposure to light. Distinct differences in the antibacterial activities of the PF-TiO2 NPs, and the susceptibilities of tested foodborne pathogenic bacterium species were found. PF-TiO2/3 h and PF-TiO2/6 h showed the highest antibacterial activity by decreasing the living bacterial cell number from ~106 by ~5 log (L. monocytogenes), ~4 log (EHEC), ~3 log (Y. enterolcolitca, S. putrefaciens) and ~2.5 log (S. aureus), along with complete eradication of C. jejuni and S. Typhimurium. Efficacy of PF-TiO2/1 h and PF-TiO2/12 h NPs was lower, typically causing a ~2–4 log decrease in colony forming units depending on the tested bacterium while the effect of PF-TiO2/0 h was comparable to P25 TiO2, a commercial TiO2 with high photocatalytic activity. Our results show that PF-co-doping of TiO2 NPs enhanced the antibacterial action against foodborne pathogenic bacteria and are potential candidates for use in the food industry as active surface components, potentially contributing to the production of meats that are safe for consumption.

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High Pressure Inactivation of Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, and Spoilage Microbiota on Poultry Meat

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-316 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 497-503 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

YANG LIU ◽

MIRKO BETTI ◽

MICHAEL G. GÄNZLE

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

High Pressure ◽

Campylobacter Jejuni ◽

Resistant Mutant ◽

Poultry Meat ◽

E Coli ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Meat Spoilage ◽

Brochothrix Thermosphacta ◽

Pressure Resistance

This study evaluated the high pressure inactivation of Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, and poultry meat spoilage organisms. All treatments were performed in aseptically prepared minced poultry meat. Treatment of 19 strains of C. jejuni at 300 MPa and 30°C revealed a large variation of pressure resistance. The recovery of pressure-induced sublethally injured C. jejuni depended on the availability of iron. The addition of iron content to enumeration media was required for resuscitation of sublethally injured cells. Survival of C. jejuni during storage of refrigerated poultry meat was analyzed in fresh and pressure-treated poultry meat, and in the presence or absence of spoilage microbiota. The presence of spoilage microbiota did not significantly influence the survival of C. jejuni. Pressure treatment at 400 MPa and 40°C reduced cell counts of Brochothrix thermosphacta, Carnobacterium divergens, C. jejuni, and Pseudomonas fluorescens to levels below the detection limit. Cell counts of E. coli AW1.7, however, were reduced by only 3.5 log (CFU/g) and remained stable during subsequent refrigerated storage. The resistance to treatment at 600 MPa and 40°Cof E. coli AW1.7 was compared with Salmonella enterica, Shiga toxin–producing E. coli and nonpathogenic E. coli strains, and Staphylococcus spp. Cell counts of all organisms except E. coli AW 1.7 were reduced by more than 6 log CFU/g. Cell counts of E. coli AW1.7 were reduced by 4.5 log CFU/g only. Moreover, the ability of E. coli AW1.7 to resist pressure was comparable to the pressure-resistant mutant E. coli LMM1030. Our results indicate that preservation of fresh meat requires a combination of high pressure with high temperature (40 to 60°C) or other antimicrobial hurdles.

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ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIALLY PATHOGENIC Escherichia coli AND Campylobacter jejuni IN FERAL PIGEONS FROM AN URBAN AREA IN THE CITY OF LIMA, PERU

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652015000500004 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 57 (5) ◽

pp. 393-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Moisés CABALLERO ◽

Isabel RIVERA ◽

Luis M. JARA ◽

Francisco M. ULLOA-STANOJLOVIC ◽

Carlos SHIVA

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Campylobacter Jejuni ◽

Molecular Identification ◽

Close Contact ◽

Filtration Method ◽

E Coli ◽

Feral Pigeons ◽

Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Columbia Livia ◽

The City

SUMMARY Feral pigeons (Columbia livia) live in close contact with humans and other animals. They can transmit potentially pathogenic and zoonotic agents. The objective of this study was to isolate and detect strains of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and Campylobacter jejuniof urban feral pigeons from an area of Lima, Peru. Fresh dropping samples from urban parks were collected for microbiological isolation of E. coli strains in selective agar, and Campylobacterby filtration method. Molecular identification of diarrheagenic pathotypes of E.coliand Campylobacter jejuni was performed by PCR. Twenty-two parks were sampled and 16 colonies of Campylobacter spp. were isolated. The 100% of isolates were identified as Campylobacter jejuni. Furthermore, 102 colonies of E. coli were isolated and the 5.88% resulted as Enteropathogenic (EPEC) type and 0.98% as Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). The urban feral pigeons of Lima in Peru can act as a reservoir or carriers of zoonotic potentially pathogenic enteric agents.

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Adhesion of Campylobacter jejuni Is Increased in Association with Foodborne Bacteria

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8020201 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 201

Author(s):

Anja Klančnik ◽

Ivana Gobin ◽

Barbara Jeršek ◽

Sonja Smole Možina ◽

Darinka Vučković ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Campylobacter Jejuni ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Risk Evaluation ◽

Acanthamoeba Castellanii ◽

Host Cells ◽

E Coli ◽

Adverse Conditions ◽

Ultrathin Sections

The aim of this study was to evaluate Campylobacter jejuni NTCT 11168 adhesion to abiotic and biotic surfaces when grown in co-culture with Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 and/or Listeria monocytogenes 4b. Adhesion of C. jejuni to polystyrene and to Caco-2 cells and Acanthamoeba castellanii was lower for at least 3 log CFU/mL compared to E. coli and L. monocytogenes. Electron micrographs of ultrathin sections revealed interactions of C. jejuni with host cells. In co-culture with E. coli and L. monocytogenes, adhesion of C. jejuni to all tested surfaces was significantly increased for more than 1 log CFU/mL. There was 10% higher aggregation for C. jejuni than for other pathogens, and high co-aggregation of co-cultures of C. jejuni with E. coli and L. monocytogenes. These data show that C. jejuni in co-cultures with E. coli and L. monocytogenes present significantly higher risk than C. jejuni as mono-cultures, which need to be taken into account in risk evaluation. C. jejuni adhesion is a prerequisite for their colonization, biofilm formation, and further contamination of the environment. C. jejuni survival under adverse conditions as a factor in their pathogenicity and depends on their adhesion to different surfaces, not only as individual strains, but also in co-cultures with other bacteria like E. coli and L. monocytogenes.

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Effect of Noradrenaline on the Virulence Properties ofCampylobacterSpecies

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2014/279075 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sree V. Aroori ◽

Tristan A. Cogan ◽

Tom J. Humphrey

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Campylobacter Jejuni ◽

Immune Status ◽

Acute Stress ◽

Host Immunity ◽

Stress Hormone ◽

E Coli ◽

Susceptibility To Infection ◽

Virulence Properties

Campylobacterspecies cause a spectrum of illnesses in humans. The type of illness and the outcome is dependent on the virulence of the infecting pathogen strain and host immune status. Acute stress can seriously compromise host immunity and increase susceptibility to infection. Noradrenaline (NA) is a stress hormone. Several studies have shown that it stimulated growth and increased the pathogenicity of organisms includingE. coliandCampylobacter jejuni. However, the effect of NA on otherCampylobacterspecies is unknown. We have examined the effect of NA on growth rate, motility, invasion of T84 epithelial cells, and colonisation of chickens by diverseCampylobacterspecies.Campylobactercultures grown with NA had reduced lag phases, increased growth rates, and higher final optical densities than controls. The motility ofCampylobacterwas also significantly increased in the presence of noradrenaline. Some of theCampylobacterstrains tested also showed increased invasion of T84 epithelial cells, greater breakdown of tight junctions, and an enhanced potential to colonise chickens. Our results show that noradrenaline-induced enhancement of virulence ofCampylobactercan influence the outcome of infection.

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Macrolide Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli: Molecular Mechanism and Stability of the Resistance Phenotype

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.49.7.2753-2759.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 49 (7) ◽

pp. 2753-2759 ◽

Cited By ~ 103

Author(s):

Amera Gibreel ◽

Veronica N. Kos ◽

Monika Keelan ◽

Cathy A. Trieber ◽

Simon Levesque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Campylobacter Jejuni ◽

Target Gene ◽

Macrolide Resistance ◽

23S Rrna ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Campylobacter Coli ◽

Resistance Level ◽

Resistance Phenotype ◽

E Coli ◽

23S Rrna Gene

ABSTRACT A collection of 23 macrolide-resistant Campylobacter isolates from different geographic areas was investigated to determine the mechanism and stability of macrolide resistance. The isolates were identified as Campylobacter jejuni or Campylobacter coli based on the results of the hippurate biochemical test in addition to five PCR-based genotypic methods. Three point mutations at two positions within the peptidyl transferase region in domain V of the 23S rRNA gene were identified. About 78% of the resistant isolates exhibited an A→G transition at Escherichia coli equivalent base 2059 of the 23S rRNA gene. The isolates possessing this mutation showed a wide range of erythromycin and clarithromycin MICs. Thus, this mutation may incur a greater probability of treatment failure in populations infected by resistant Campylobacter isolates. Another macrolide-associated mutation (A→C transversion), at E. coli equivalent base 2058, was detected in about 13% of the isolates. An A→G transition at a position cognate with E. coli 23S rRNA base 2058, which is homologous to the A2142G mutation commonly described in Helicobacter pylori, was also identified in one of the C. jejuni isolates examined. In the majority of C. jejuni isolates, the mutations in the 23S rRNA gene were homozygous except in two cases where the mutation was found in two of the three copies of the target gene. Natural transformation demonstrated the transfer of the macrolide resistance phenotype from a resistant Campylobacter isolate to a susceptible Campylobacter isolate. Growth rates of the resulting transformants containing A-2058→C or A-2059→G mutations were similar to that of the parental isolate. The erythromycin resistance of six of seven representative isolates was found to be stable after successive subculturing in the absence of erythromycin selection pressure regardless of the resistance level, the position of the mutation, or the number of the mutated copies of the target gene. One C. jejuni isolate showing an A-2058→G mutation, however, reverted to erythromycin and clarithromycin susceptibility after 55 subcultures on erythromycin-free medium. Investigation of ribosomal proteins L4 and L22 by sequence analysis in five representative isolates of C. jejuni and C. coli demonstrated no significant macrolide resistance-associated alterations in either the L4 or the L22 protein that might explain either macrolide resistance or enhancement of the resistance level.

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Development of a Novel Chromogenic Medium for Improved Campylobacter Detection from Poultry Samples

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-115 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 78 (9) ◽

pp. 1750-1755 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

HAJIME TERAMURA ◽

MIHOKO IWASAKI ◽

HIROKAZU OGIHARA

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Campylobacter Jejuni ◽

Campylobacter Coli ◽

Chromogenic Medium ◽

Enrichment Broth ◽

Selective Media ◽

E Coli ◽

Significant Difference

The presence of expanded-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)–producing Escherichia coli is a common problem in the isolation of Campylobacter from poultry samples using conventional cefoperazone-based selective media. A novel chromogenic medium (CM-HT), based on modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar (mCCDA), has been developed as a solution for improved Campylobacter detection from poultry samples. Although the basic components of CM-HT are the same as mCCDA, CM-HT uses both granular charcoal and sodium cefoxitin to enhance viewability and inhibit ESBL-producing bacteria. All tested Campylobacter jejuni (n = 31) and Campylobacter coli (n = 6) strains grew and formed purple-colored colonies on CM-HT. In contrast, the growth of all other tested microorganisms, including ESBL-producing E. coli strains, was suppressed by this medium. Additionally, 84 poultry samples were examined for the presence of Campylobacter using the ISO 10272-1 method (enrichment with Bolton broth) and the NIHSJ-02 method (enrichment with Preston broth) with mCCDA and CM-HT media for the isolation. The numbers of samples from which Camplylobacter was detected on CM-HT using Preston and Bolton broth were 22 and 18, whereas the numbers on mCCDA were 22 and 13, respectively. Only Campylobacter was detected on CM-HT using both enrichment broths; however, there were 5 and 19 samples from which ESBL-producing E. coli was detected on mCCDA using Preston and Bolton broth, respectively. Thus, there was a significant difference between CM-HT and mCCDA in selectivity for ESBL-producing E. coli regardless of which enrichment broth was used. The results obtained demonstrated that CM-HT is a possible solution for the improved isolation of Campylobacter from poultry samples.

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Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Campylobacter jejuni in Bottled Purified Drinking Water under Different Storage Conditions

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-368 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

pp. 254-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

HAMZAH M. AL-QADIRI ◽

XIAONAN LU ◽

NIVIN I. AL-ALAMI ◽

BARBARA A. RASCO

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Campylobacter Jejuni ◽

Culture Media ◽

False Negative ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Escherichia Coli O157 ◽

E Coli ◽

Log Reduction ◽

Negative Results

Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Campylobacter jejuni that were separately inoculated into bottled purified drinking water was investigated during storage at 22, 4, and −18°C for 5, 7, and 2 days, respectively. Two inoculation levels were used, 1 and 10 CFU/ml (102 and 103 CFU/100 ml). In samples inoculated with 102 CFU/100 ml, C. jejuni was not detectable (>2-log reduction) after storage under the conditions specified above. E. coli O157:H7 was detected on nonselective and selective media at log reductions of 1.08 to 1.25 after storage at 22°C, 1.19 to 1.56 after storage at 4°C, and 1.54 to 1.98 after storage at −18°C. When the higher inoculation level of 103 CFU/100 ml was used, C. jejuni was able to survive at 22 and 4°C, with 2.25- and 2.17-log reductions, respectively, observed on nonselective media. At these higher inoculation levels, E. coli O157:H7 was detectable at 22, 4, and −18°C, with log reductions of 0.76, 0.97, and 1.21, respectively, achieved on nonselective media. Additionally, E. coli O157:H7 showed significant differences in culturability (P < 0.05) on the nonselective and selective culture media under the different storage conditions, with storage at −18°C for 2 days being the treatment most inhibiting. The percentage of sublethal injury of E. coli O157:H7 ranged from ~33 to 75%, indicating that microbial examination of bottled water must be done carefully, otherwise false-negative results or underestimation of bacterial numbers could pose a health risk when low levels of pathogens are present.

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