scholarly journals Estimation and evaluation of medicinal efficacy of maximum inhibitory concentration of alkaloids extracted from Iraqi Cordia myxa leaves against some pathogenic bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2063 (1) ◽  
pp. 012020
Author(s):  
Abbas D M Al-Maliki ◽  
Maitham N Aboud ◽  
Mustafa F Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Extraction Percentage ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cordia Myxa

Abstract Cordia myxa is considered as one of traditional medicinal plants abundant in many countries including Iraq. Because of the healthy importance of this plant therefore the current research was established to extract the alkaloids from the its leaves with extraction percentage equal to 5.8% Preliminary qualitative detections were achieved for the alkaloids by using various chemical reagents. The medicinal efficacy of these alkaloids was determined depending on maximum inhibitory concentration (Max IC) which has value equal to 150 mg/ml and this concentration recorded inhibition zone diameters values equal to 30,22,26,25 and 30 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Proteus Sp. and klebsiella Sp. bacteria. So Cordia myxa leaves alkaloids can be used as natural chemical drug to treat the most infections and inflammatory caused by these pathogens.

scholarly journals Uji Efek Antibakteri Jamur Endofit Akar Bakau Rhizophora stylosa Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Sumampouw
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
E Coli

Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effect of endophytic fungi originated from the root of mangrove Rhizophora stylosa growing on Mangrove Plantation Area around DAS Simpang 5 Jl. Piere Tendean Manado. The method of this research was using combination of PDA and NA media. Two species of endophytic fungi were extracted from the root of R. stylosa, black mycelium fungi as isolate A and brown mycelium fungi as isolate B. The activities of both isolates were tested against pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The result showed the same inhibition zone of isolate A and B to S. aureus, while, isolate A showed bigger the inhibition zone in comparison to isolate B against E. coli. As a conclusion, the endophytic fungi taken from the root of R. stylosa have antibacterial activity toward S. aureus and E. coli. Keywords: endophytic fungi, Rhizophora stylosa, antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli.   Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat adanya efek antibakteri dari jamur endofit yang diambil dari akar bakau Rhizophora stylosa yang ditanam di sekitar Perairan Daerah Aliran Sungai Simpang Lima Jl. Piere Tendean Manado. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan kombinasi media Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) dan Nutrient Agar (NA). Dari akar bakau R. stylosa diperoleh dua  jenis jamur endofit yaitu isolat A dengan karateristik miselium jamur berwarna hitam dan isolat B yang dengan karakteristik miselium berwarna coklat. Kedua isolat ini selanjutnya diujikan aktivitasnya terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan isolat A dan B memberikan  zona hambat yang sama terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan pada bakteri Escherichia coli isolat A menunjukkan diameter zona hambat yang lebih besar dibandingkan isolat B. Kesimpulan, Jamur endofit yang diisolasi dari akar bakau R. Stylosa memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dan E. coli. Kata kunci: jamur endofit, Rhizophopra stylosa, antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI SPONS Leucetta chagosensis DARI PERAIRAN PULAU MANTEHAGE SULAWESI UTARA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli

PHARMACON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 834
Author(s):  
Eunike Pelealu ◽  
Defny S. Wewengkang ◽  
Surya Sumantri Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria ◽  
Metabolite Content

ABSTRACTSponges are one of the biota components that make up coral reefs which are quite widely distributed. The metabolite content in the sponge can ward off and inhibit the pathogenic bacteria that interfere with it. This study aims to determine the activity of inhibiting bacterial growth from the extract and fraction of Leucetta chagosensis sponge against the growth of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria. The samples were extracted using the maceration method with 95% ethanol solvent and then fractionated using 3 solvents with different polarity levels, namely methanol, n-hexane and chloroform. Activity test using the disk diffusion agar method of Kirby and Bauer. Only the MeOH fraction was able to inhibit the growth of E. coli bacteria with an average inhibition zone of 6.88 mm. Whereas for S.aureus bacteria extracts and all fractions showed activity to inhibit bacterial growth with an average inhibition zone of EtOH (6.61 mm), CHCI3 (6.68 mm), n-hexane (7.83 mm) and MeOH (8.00 mm), respectively. All activities that are shown are categorized as weak (weak).Keywords: Antibacterial, Leucetta chagosensis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli ABSTRAKSpons merupakan salah satu komponen biota penyusun terumbu karang yang penyebarannya cukup luas. Kandungan metabolit yang ada di dalam spons dapat menangkal dan menghambat bakteri patogen pengganggunya.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat aktivitas menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dari ekstrak dan fraksi spons Leucetta chagosensis. terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Gram positif Staphylococcus aureus dan Gram negatif Escherichia coli. Sampel di ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 95% lalu di fraksinasi dengan menggunakan 3 pelarut dengan tingkat kepolaran yang berbeda yaitu metanol, n-heksan dan kloroform. Uji aktivitas menggunakan metode disk diffusion agar Kirby dan Bauer.  Hanya fraksi MeOH yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri E.coli dengan zona hambat rata-rata 6,88 mm. Sedangkan terhadap bakteri S.aureus ekstrak dan semua fraksi menunjukan aktifitas menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dengan rata-rata zona hambat masing-masing EtOH (6,61 mm), CHCl3 (6,68 mm), n-Heksan (7,83 mm), dan MeOH (8,00 mm). Semua aktivitas yang ditunjukan dikategorikan lemah (weak).Kata kunci : Antibakteri, Leucetta chagosensis, Staphylococcus aureus,  Escherichia coli

scholarly journals Uji Antibakteri Nanopartikel Kitosan terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. (Antibacterial Test of Chitosan Nanoparticles against Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia coli)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Alce Magani ◽  
Trina Tallei ◽  
Beivy Kolondam
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Test ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Way Anova

Uji Antibakteri Nanopartikel Kitosan terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli.(Antibacterial Test of Chitosan Nanoparticles against Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia coli) Alce K. Magani*, Trina E. Tallei, Beivy J. KolondamProgram Studi Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] (Article History: Received 30-12-2019; Revised 15-01-2020; Accepted 23-01-2020) Abstrak Antibakteri merupakan zat yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dan dapat membunuh bakteri penyebab infeksi. Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli merupakan bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif yang dapat menimbulkan infeksi atau penyakit dalam tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas bakteri patogen dengan memakai nanopartikel kitosan sebagai antibakteri yang dibuat dalam empat konsentrasi (0,5%, 1%, 1,5% dan 2%) serta penggunaan kontrol asam asetat 1%, ciprofloxacin dan air steril sebagai pembanding. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode gelasi ionik untuk pembuatan nanopartikel kitosan dan difusi agar untuk pengujian antibakteri. Data dianalisis dengan One Way Anova yang dilanjutkan dengan metode BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil penelitian diperoleh penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dan E. coli tertinggi pada konsentrasi 0,5%, dengan diameter zona hambat hari pertama sampai hari ketiga 12,31 mm, 9,98 mm, dan 20,46 mm pada S. aureus dan 15,88 mm, 18,71 mm, dan 20,43 mm pada E. coli, kategori kuat, dan bersifat bakteriostatik dan penghambatan terendah pada konsentrasi 2% dengan diameter zona hambat pada S. aureus yaitu 5,56 mm, 5,50 mm, dan 5,40 mm, dan pada E. coli yaitu 5,93 mm, 9,64 mm, dan 12,58 mm, kategori sedang, dan bersifat bakteriostatik. Kata kunci: Kitosan, nanopartikel kitosan, aktivitas antibakteri.  Abstract Antibacteria is a substance that can inhibit the growth of bacteria and able to kill bacteria that cause infections. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria that able to cause infections or diseases. This study aimed to examine the activity of pathogenic bacteria by using chitosan nanoparticles as antibacterial. The treatments were made in four concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) and, for comparison, there were also acetic acid control, ciprofloxacin and sterile water. The research method used is the ionic gelation method for the manufacture of chitosan nanoparticles and agar diffusion for antibacterial testing. Data were analyzed with One Way Anova followed by LSD (Least Significant Difference) method. The results showed the highest inhibition of growth of S. aureus and E. coli bacteria at a concentration of 0.5%, with a diameter of inhibition zones of the first day to the third day of 12.31 mm, 9.98 mm, and 20.46 mm in S. aureus and 15,88 mm, 18,71 mm, and 20,43 mm in E. coli, the strong category, and are bacteriostatic and the lowest inhibition was at 2% concentration with inhibition zone diameters in S. aureus namely 5.568 mm, 5.50 mm, and 5, 40 mm, and in E. coli, 5.93 mm, 9.63 mm and 12.58 mm, the medium category and bacteriostatic.Key words: Chitosan, nanoparticles chitosan, antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Uji Antibakteri Nanopartikel Kitosan terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Alce K Magani ◽  
Trina E Tallei ◽  
Beivy J Kolondam
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
One Way Anova

Uji Antibakteri Nanopartikel Kitosan terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli.(Antibacterial Test of Chitosan Nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) Alce K. Magani*, Trina E. Tallei, Beivy J. KolondamProgram Studi Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] (Article History: Received 30-12-2019; Revised 15-01-2020; Accepted 23-01-2020) Abstrak Antibakteri merupakan zat yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dan dapat membunuh bakteri penyebab infeksi. Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli merupakan bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif yang dapat menimbulkan infeksi atau penyakit dalam tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas bakteri patogen dengan memakai nanopartikel kitosan sebagai antibakteri yang dibuat dalam empat konsentrasi (0,5%, 1%, 1,5% dan 2%) serta penggunaan kontrol asam asetat 1%, ciprofloxacin dan air steril sebagai pembanding. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode gelasi ionik untuk pembuatan nanopartikel kitosan dan difusi agar untuk pengujian antibakteri. Data dianalisis dengan One Way Anova yang dilanjutkan dengan metode BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil penelitian diperoleh penghambatan pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dan E. coli tertinggi pada konsentrasi 0,5%, dengan diameter zona hambat hari pertama sampai hari ketiga 12,31 mm, 9,98 mm, dan 20,46 mm pada S. aureus dan 15,88 mm, 18,71 mm, dan 20,43 mm pada E. coli, kategori kuat, dan bersifat bakteriostatik dan penghambatan terendah pada konsentrasi 2% dengan diameter zona hambat pada S. aureus yaitu 5,56 mm, 5,50 mm, dan 5,40 mm, dan pada E. coli yaitu 5,93 mm, 9,64 mm, dan 12,58 mm, kategori sedang, dan bersifat bakteriostatik. Kata kunci: Kitosan, nanopartikel kitosan, aktivitas antibakteri.  Abstract Antibacteria is a substance that can inhibit the growth of bacteria and able to kill bacteria that cause infections. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria that able to cause infections or diseases. This study aimed to examine the activity of pathogenic bacteria by using chitosan nanoparticles as antibacterial. The treatments were made in four concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) and, for comparison, there were also acetic acid control, ciprofloxacin and sterile water. The research method used is the ionic gelation method for the manufacture of chitosan nanoparticles and agar diffusion for antibacterial testing. Data were analyzed with One Way Anova followed by LSD (Least Significant Difference) method. The results showed the highest inhibition of growth of S. aureus and E. coli bacteria at a concentration of 0.5%, with a diameter of inhibition zones of the first day to the third day of 12.31 mm, 9.98 mm, and 20.46 mm in S. aureus and 15,88 mm, 18,71 mm, and 20,43 mm in E. coli, the strong category, and are bacteriostatic and the lowest inhibition was at 2% concentration with inhibition zone diameters in S. aureus namely 5.568 mm, 5.50 mm, and 5, 40 mm, and in E. coli, 5.93 mm, 9.63 mm and 12.58 mm, the medium category and bacteriostatic.Key words: Chitosan, nanoparticles chitosan, antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Akar Tanaman Lauh Putiah (Ficus racemosa L.) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Shigella dysenteriae Penyebab Diare

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Beladiena Citra Siregar ◽  
Welly Darwis ◽  
Mardhatillah Sariyanti
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
A Value ◽  
Esherichia Coli ◽  
Ficus Racemosa

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Diare merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di dunia dan negara berkembang. Mortalitas diare berkisar 17,5-21% dengan ekuivalent 1,5 juta orang setiap tahunnya. Escherichia coli dan Shigella Sp. merupakan patogen utama penyebab diare. Antibioik siprofloksasin yang digunakan untuk mengobati diare memiliki berbagai efek samping. Pemanfaatan tanaman obat merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Akar Lauh Putiah merupakan salah satu tanaman obat tradisional yang mempunyai banyak manfaat, salah satunya sebagai antibakteri. Penggunaan akar pada masyarakat Desa Pasar Pino dengan cara meminum air rebusan dari akar Lauh Putiah. Kebiasaan dan pengetahuan tersebut telah secara turun-temurun, namun belum dilatarbelakangi studi ilmiah.Metode: Ekstraksi akar Lauh Putiah dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dan dilarutkan dengan DMSO. Hasil ekstraksi kemudian dilakukan Uji Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Setelah dilakukan uji MIC kemudian dilakukan pengujian efektivitas. Kedua uji ini menggunakan metode difusi kertas cakram. Parameter yang digunakan ialah besarnya zona hambat yang terbentuk disekitar kertas cakram, dan kontrol positif yang digunakan adalah larutan antibiotik siprofloksasin 50 µg/ml untuk bakteri Escherichia coli dan bakteri Shigella dysenteriae.Hasil: Hasil pengujian MIC didapatkan bahwa ekstrak akar Lauh Putiah memiliki kemampuan sebagai antibakteri terhadap bakteri Esherichia coli dan Shigella dysentriae. Dari analisis statistik pengujian ANOVA pengaruh ekstrak akar Lauh Putiah menghambat bakteri Escherichia coli dan Shigella sysentriae memiliki nilai Fhitung > Ftabel dengan nilai ? = 0,05 dan kemudian diuji lanjut dengan menggunakan uji Duncan dan didapatkan zona hambat yang efektif konsentrasi yang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli adalah konsentrasi 60% (AE3). Pada bakteri Shigella dysentriae didapatkan konsentrasi yang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Shigella dysenteriae adalah konsentrasi 87,5% (BE4).Kesimpulan: Ekstrak Akar Tanaman Lauh Putiah (Ficus racemosa L.) memiliki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Shigella dysentriae. Kata kunci: Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Lauh Putiah, Ficus racemosa Linn. ABSTRACTBackground: Diarrhea is one of health problems in the world and developing countries. Diarrhea mortality range is 17.5-21% with an equivalent of 1.5 million people per year. Escherichia coli and Shigella sp. are the main pathogen bacteria that causes diarrhea. Ciprofloxacin is common antibiotic that used to treat diarrhea, but it has various side effects. The use of medicinal plants is an alternative to overcome this problem. Lauh Putiah roots is one of the traditional medicinal plants that has many benefits, one of the benefits is to produce antibacterial compounds. Lauh Putiah roots is used as a medicine for people in Pasar Pino village, it used to heal diarrhea by drinking boiled water from Lauh Putiah roots. These habits have been passed down through generations, but it has not been proofed by scientific studies.Methods: Extraction of Lauh Putiah root was done by maceration method using ethanol 96% and dissolved with DMSO. The extraction results were used to Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) assay. After MIC assay, effectiveness assay was done. Both of these assay used paper disk diffusion methods. The parameters that used were the amount of inhibition zone formed around the disc paper, and the positive control used ciprofloxacin antibiotic 50 µg/ml for Escherichia coli and Shigella sp.Results: The MIC assay results showed that the roots extract of Lauh Putiah had the ability as an antibacterial against Esherichia coli and Shigella dysentriae. From the statistical analysis of ANOVA test, the effect of Lauh Putiah root extract inhibits Escherichia coli and Shigella sysentriae with a value of Fcount> Ftable with a value of ? = 0.05 and then further tested using Duncan test and found an effective inhibition zone concentration that inhibits growth of Escherichia coli in 60% concentration (AE3) and inhibits growth of Shigella dysentriae  in 87.5% concentration (BE4).Conclusion: Lauh Putiah Root Extract (Ficus racemosa L.) has inhibitory effect on the growth of Escherichia coli and Shigella dysentriae. Keywords:  Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Lauh Putiah, Ficus racemosa Linn.

scholarly journals IN VITRO AND IN SILICO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF 1.5-BIS (3’-ETHOXY-4’-HYDROXYPHENYL)-1-4-PENTADIENE-3-ONE

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Agus Purwanggana ◽  
Esti Mumpuni ◽  
Esti Mulatsari
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Study

Objective: The main objective of this research were screened in vitro and in silico of 1,5-bis (3'-ethoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one as potential antibacterial agents.Methods: The in vitro antibacterial study was carried against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis (gram positive) and Escherichia coli, Salmonella thypi (gram negative) using broth dilution method to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), disc diffusion method to determine the diameter of inhibition zone. In silico antibacterial study was carried using computational software Protein-Ligand ANT System (PLANTS), computational docking was carried using receptor with Protein Data Bank (PDB) file 3MZD. The structures were optimized prior docking using YASARA, and MarvinSketch. The results of antibacterial testing were compared to two positive control drugs i. e amoxicillin and cefadroxil.Results: In vitro evaluation showed that 1,5-bis (3'-ethoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one has a better antibacterial activity than amoxicillin and cefadroxil with a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 0.15 ppm and diameter of inhibition zone of 11.27±0.31, 11.35±0.39, 11.25±0.33, and 11.05±0.45 mm in Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella thypi, respectively. These results in line with in silico evaluation that showed 1,5-bis (3'-ethoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one has more negative docking score than amoxicillin, cefadroxil, and cloxacillin acyl as a native ligand on the 3MZD receptor.Conclusion: This results obtained in this research work were 1,5-bis (3'-ethoxy-4'-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-pentadiene-3-one compound potential as an antibacterial agent. 

scholarly journals Potentials of CaO powder result of calcination from green shells (Perna viridis), scallops (Placuna placenta), and blood clams (Anadara granosa) as antibacterial agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 890 (1) ◽  
pp. 012043
Author(s):  
G N Mediarman ◽  
Sumardianto ◽  
P H Riyadi ◽  
L Rianingsih ◽  
L Purnamayati
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Perna Viridis ◽  
Parametric Data ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Calcium oxide (CaO) can be formed from the calcination process of calcium carbonate or CaCO3. One of the ingredients that contain quite a lot of CaCO3 compounds is clam shells. Shellfish shells can be an alternative for making natural antibacterials. Calcination was carried out at 1000°C for 6 hours. The bacteria tested were Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli which are pathogenic bacteria. The concentration of each CaO powder is 3.5% with a size of 150 mesh. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial effect of CaO from three different shells, namely blood clams, green clams and scallops and to determine the third antibacterial effect of mussels. The research method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor influencing the antibacterial activity of CaO three times. Parametric data were analysed using ANOVA and Honest Significant Difference (HSD). The research treatment was the use of three different shells, namely blood, scallops and green mussels with tetracycline as control. Parameters observed were pH, calcium, chemical composition, and activity. The pH value of CaO powder has an average of 12.47. The levels of CaO produced were 99.43% in blood clams, 99.62% in green mussels and 98.4% in scallops. The diameter of the inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria for each clam shell was 15.22 ± 0.66 mm, green mussel 13.7 ± 0.26 mm and scallop 14.9 ± 0.25 mm. The diameter of the inhibition zone of Escherichia coli bacteria produced was 12.2 ± 0.36 mm blood clams, 12.5 ± 0.3 mm green mussels and 13.7 ± 0.2 mm scallops.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antibacterial Testing of Imina Derivative Compounds from Piperonal and Anilin

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimas Syamsudin ◽  
Ismiyarto Ismiyarto ◽  
Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Inhibition Zone

Synthesis of Imine derivates used as antibacterial activity has been done. Synthesis was conducted by condensation reaction between piperonal and aniline. The product synthesis was characterized by melting point, LC-MS, FTIR and 1H-NMR, then application of the product as antibacterial towards bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The product of synthesis was pale-brown solid, and had melting point at 56-61 0C. Identification by LC-MS showed the compound molecular weight was 225.30 gram/mol, identification by FTIR showed a compound contained imine C=N at 1620.21 cm-1, C-H aromatic at 1581.63 cm-1, Csp3-H at 2962.37 cm-1 from CH2, and C-O at 1265.30 cm-1, Identification by 1H-NMR showed a compound had a singlet peak at δ=6 ppm that proton was from the CH2, multiplet peak at δ=6.9-7.7 ppm proton from two aromatics and singlet peak at δ=8.4 ppm from proton imine. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the product towards Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was 1 mg/mL with diameter inhibition zone 2 mm and 3 mm. From these data it could be concluded that the compound 3,4- methlenedioxybenzilyimine was formed and it had ability as an antibacterial agent.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK METANOL BATANG BIDARA LAUT (Strychnos ligustrina) TERHADAP BAKTERI PATOGEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edy Kurniawan ◽  
Dwi Soelistya Dyah Jekti ◽  
Lalu Zulkifli
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
E Coli

Abstract : Strychnos ligustrina stem has been empirically used by the people of West Nusa Tenggara and Bali in the treatment of malaria, tooth ache and diarrhea, but there is no scientific data that supports it. This study aims to determine and prove the antibacterial activity of Strychnos ligustrina methanol extract to pathogenic bacteria in vitro and in vivo. This research is an experimental study conducted by measuring the inhibition zone (mm) growth of pathogenic bacteria, determining minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum killing concentration (MKC) in vitro, and determining the percentage of antibacterial activity of methanol extract of S. ligustrina stem in vivo. The experiment was conducted using 4 groups of concentrations of S. ligustrina stem methanol extract in an in vitro study of 25, 50, 75, and 100% with ciprofloxacin as a positive control and aquadest as a negative control. In vivo studies experiments were carried out using 6 treatment groups of test animals male mice Balb / c (Mus musculus). The in vitro test results showed that methanol extract of S. ligustrina stems was able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria with medium categories of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and categories of weaks to Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for S. aureus and K. pneumonia bacteria isolates was at a concentration of 25% while for E. coli isolates at a concentration of 30%. The methanol extract of the S. ligustrina stem has no killing power against the pathogenic bacteria tested. Antibacterial activity in vivo was able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus pathogenic bacteria by 6.60% (at 25% concentration), 8.62% (at 50% concentration), and 17.31% (at 100% concentration), against K. pneumonia was 11.85% (at 25% concentration), 51.21% (at 50% concentration), and 65.92% (at 100% concentration), against E. coliat 19.18% (at concentration 25%), 29.98% (at 50% concentration), and 40.88% (at 100% concentration). Methanol extract of S. ligustrina stem proved to have antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo. Key words: Srychnos ligustrina, pathogenic bacteria, antibacterial, in vitro, in Vivo. Abstrak : Strychnos ligustrina secara empiris  telah digunakan oleh masyarakat Nusa Tenggara Barat dan Bali dalam pengobatan penyakit malaria, sakit gigi, dan diare, tetapi belum ada data ilmiah yang mendukung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dan membuktikan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol batang bidara laut terhadap bakteri patogen secara in vitrodan in vivo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yang dilakukan dengan mengukur zona hambat (mm) pertumbuhan bakteri patogen, menentukan konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) dan konsentrasi bunuh minimum (KBM) secara in vitro, serta menentukan persentase aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol batang bidara laut secara in vivo. Percobaan dilakukan menggunakan 4 kelompok konsentrasi ekstrak metanol batang bidara laut pada penelitian in vitro yaitu 25, 50, 75, dan 100% dengan ciprofloxacin sebagai kontrol positif serta aquadest sebagai kontrol negatif. Pada penelitian in vivo percobaan dilakukan menggunakan 6 kelompok perlakuan hewan uji mencit jantan galur Balb/c (Mus musculus). Hasil uji in vitro menunjukkan ekstrak metanol batang bidara laut mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen dengan kategori sedang terhadap Staphylococcus aureus isolat klinis dan kategori lemah terhadap Klebsiella pneumonia dan Escherichia coli isolat klinis. Nilai konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) untuk isolat bakteri S. aureus dan K. pneumoniae adalah pada konsentrasi 25% sedangkan untuk isolat E. coli pada konsentrasi 30%. Ekstrak metanol batang bidara laut tidak memiliki daya bunuh terhadap bakteri patogen yang diuji. Aktivitas antibakteri secara in vivo mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen S. aureus sebesar 6,60% (pada konsentrasi 25%), 8,62% (pada konsentrasi 50%), dan 17,31% (pada konsentrasi 100%), terhadap K. pneumonia sebesar 11,85% (pada konsentrasi 25%), 51,21% (pada konsentrasi 50%), dan 65,92% (pada konsentrasi 100%),   terhadap E. coli sebesar 19,18% (pada konsentrasi 25%), 29,98% (pada konsentrasi 50%), dan 40,88% (pada konsentrasi 100%). Ekstrak metanol batang bidara laut terbukti memiliki aktivitas antibakteri secara in vitro dan in vivo. Kata kunci: Srychnos ligustrina, bakteri patogen, antibakteri, in vitro, in vivo

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN ULIN (EUSIDEROXYLON ZWAGERI TEIJSM & BINN) TERHADAP EMPAT JENIS BAKTERI PATOGEN

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Yeni Mariani ◽  
Fathul Yusro ◽  
Evy Wardenaar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Eusideroxylon Zwageri

Abstrak: Suku Dayak Uud Danum di Kalimantan Barat memanfaatkan daun Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm & Binn) sebagai tumbuhan obat dalam pengobatan tradisional untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit seperti diare, demam dan penguat badan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis aktivitas ekstrak metanol dari daun ulin terhadap beberapa jenis bakteri patogen. Daun ulin diekstraksi dengan menggunakan metanol, kemudian diuji dengan metode difusi terhadap empat jenis bakteri yaitu Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi pada empat level konsentrasi (1, 5, 10 dan 15 mg/ml) dan E. coli (50, 100, 150 dan 200 mg/ml). Hasil pengujian memperlihatkan bahwa semua level konsentrasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hambatan pertumbuhan bakteri patogen. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak metanol daun ulin semakin tinggi diameter hambat yang dihasilkan. Diameter hambat tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh konsentrasi 15 mg/ml pada jenis bakteri S. typhi (12,33 mm) dan E. coli pada konsentrasi 200 mg/ml (22,67 mm). Hasil pengujian membuktikan bahwa daun ulin yang secara tradisional digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri alami.Kata kunci: Ulin, antibakteri, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, dan Escherichia coli.Abstract: Dayak Uud Danum of West Kalimantan traditionally use ulin leaves (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teisjm & Binn) to cure various diseases namely diarrhea, fever, and tonic. This present study aims to evaluate the activity of methanol extract of ulin leaves against several types of pathogenic bacteria. Ulin leaves were extracted with methanol; thus, the extract resulted tested in terms of disc diffusion Kirby and Bauer against four types of bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi (1, 5, 10, and 15 mg/ml), and Escherichia coli (50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/ml). The results showed that all levels of concentration significantly affect the inhibition growth of pathogenic bacteria. The higher the concentration of methanol extract of ulin leaves used, the higher the inhibition zone produced. The highest response inhibition growth showed from the highest level of 15 mg/ml on S. tyhpi (12.33 mm), and E. coli was 200 mg/ml (22.67 mm). It suggested that the leaves of ulin which traditionally used as medicinal plant have the potency as natural antibacterial agents.Keywords: Ulin, antibacterial, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli.

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