scholarly journals Application of the algorithm for calculating the boundaries of built-up areas from satellite images to calculating the areas of flooded land and the environmental potential of the territories of settlements

2021 ◽  
Vol 2142 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
T V Ilyushina ◽  
A P Sizov ◽  
V V Belenko
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Relative Decline ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Abstract The processes of flooding of the territory of settlements cause significant economic damage to the national economy. Up-to-date space information provides research on flooding over large areas. Analysis of the dynamics of flooding in the Khabarovsk Region for 2016-2019 using remote sensing methods and statistical data analysis showed that the optimal software product for processing multi-time satellite images is the MapInfo Professional GIS application. It is established that the dynamics of the areas of flooded land in settlements has similar trends, significantly differing in quantitative indicators. The most favorable year was 2017, when the least amount of land was affected by flooding. In 2019, the amount of flooded land was the maximum. 2016 and 2018 occupy an intermediate position. The proportion of flooded land was the highest in large and medium-sized cities, the lowest in rural settlements, and the small towns occupied an intermediate position due to the landscape and geographical features of the research objects. The relative decline in the value of the territory environmental potential (EFP) was also the highest in large and medium-sized cities, and the lowest in rural areas. According to the years, the increase in the temporary decline in EFP due to flooding and withdrawal from economic use of land is as follows: 2017-2016-2018-2019, which is due to the dynamics of the hydrological and climatic characteristics of these years.

scholarly journals PHENOMENON OF ABANDONED VILLAGES AND ITS IMPACT ON TRANSFORMATION OF RURAL LANDSCAPES

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Jaszczak ◽  
Katarina Kristianova ◽  
Gintarė Vaznonienė ◽  
Jan Zukovskis
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Rural Depopulation ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Source Materials

The problem examined in this research is how the loss of rural settlements, small towns, villages and farms contributes to changes in rural landscape and how can this change be managed? The survey was conducted in matching locations in Poland, Slovakia, Germany and in the southern part of Cyprus. The research methods were based on the analysis of source materials and on field analyses in the studied regions. Source research included searching for information in a literature on the subject, as well as planning documents, strategies and studies of spatial development conditions. The main causes of the decline of abandoned rural areas are the decrease in population and migration to cities, the intensification of production and the increase in production areas and the change in the nature of the activities of rural homesteads. The results of the research also show that in addition to common trends comprising the transformation of landscapes in rural areas, each of the analyzed regions differs in terms of the degree of adverse changes, the period in which changes were noted and the possibilities to prevent these changes. In order to prepare a village rehabilitation strategy, a comprehensive diagnosis of whole changes is required, in which the state and causes of landscape changes are determined, and possible solutions for halting rural depopulation are foreseen.

scholarly journals STUDY REGARDING THE DETERMINATION OF WASTEWATER SPECIFIC FLOWS IN ROMANIA RURAL AREAS

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
MIRCEA-VLAD MUREȘAN ◽  
ELENA-MARIA PICĂ
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Specific Flow ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

<p>This paper intends to inform the scientific and engineering community on the importance of wastewater treatment plants of small capacity, designed for rural settlements. By analysing the evolution of Romania’s population by towns, on 1st January 2010, the weight of urban population was 55.1 %, and the weight of the rural population was 44.9 % of the total population. The rural environment representing 44.9% of the total population is grouped into 2860 villages with a degree of connection to wastewater treatment plants of only 11.21 %. At the moment the design of treatment plants, regardless of the structure and size of the settlement, is performed in a non-differentiated way, using the same technological methods for urban and rural areas. The implementation of technical solutions that are use for urban areas in case of small and very small towns’ claims high investment costs and especially operational costs, the efficiency of these solutions being unsatisfactory, because of wrong adoption of sizing parameters, for example, the influent specific flow. From this paper will result, based on case studies, that the specific flow sizing treatment plants for rural areas is overrated, much too high, resulting in oversized treatment plants.</p>

Instruments of attraction rural population to tourism activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Александр Трухачев ◽  
Aleksandr Trukhachev
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
Labor Resources

Overcoming stereotypes of traditional employment is one of the biggest challenges in regions with a stable structure of the labor market. This primarily concerns rural areas, where agricultural activities are the main sources of labor places, but at the same time they have a pronounced seasonality and experience the negative impact of the outflow of labor. As foreign experience shows, development of rural tourism as a kind of non-agricultural activity is one of the factors saving, retention and attraction of labor resources in rural areas. However, the development of this factor often requires the implementation of targeted efforts of local and regional tourism bodies. The article is focused on the offering the system of instruments of attraction the rural population to the tourist industry. Development of instruments of involving the rural population in tourist activities is carried out in order to realize the functions of rural tourism as a factor of sustainable development of rural areas. Work with the population is an important aspect of the development of rural tourism. Owners of households have to make sure in the prospects of development of tourism activities in rural areas, and in their ability to create and manage the attractive tourism product; they also have to gain access to the necessary technologies. In this regard, we consider it expedient to offer number of instruments aimed at creating an effective system of involving the rural population in tourism activities. Increasing the involvement of the rural population in tourism activities will significantly expand the range of services, will contribute to solving the most important social issues in the areas of small towns and rural settlements and other municipal entities in the region. This article describes instruments of attracting the rural population to occupations in tourism activity, which includes measures for information and education in the field of rural tourism. Based on the authorial research of the needs of subjects of rural tourism in the methodological support the exemplary program of information and consulting arrangements is proposed.

scholarly journals URBANIZATION AND LAND USE CHANGES IN RURAL TOWN: GUAR CEMPEDAK, KEDAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Ghapar Othman ◽  
Kausar Hj. Ali ◽  
Izuandi Yin ◽  
Mou Leong Tan ◽  
Nurul Hanisah Mohd Jizan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Rural Settlements

The change in land uses in rural areas is often associated with urbanization process. However, urbanization and industrialization also caused dramatic changes in the land use of rural areas and small towns, where a significant loss of agricultural land and an increase in the construction of rural settlements have led to transformation from non-built-up to built-up land uses. Factors influencing this transformation are many, ranging from physical, economic, social and environmental reasons. This paper intends to study land use changes from 2006 to 2020, determine land use growth parameters, and establish whether the identified physical factors conform to the land use growth and changes in Guar Cempedak, Kedah by applying the technique of overlay, AHP and fishnet using GIS. Findings of the study show that there were significant land use changes during the period of 2006 to 2014, where commercial, institution and public facilities and transportation experienced significant increase, while non-built land uses such as forest, lost more than 90% of its area to other land uses. Distance to transport network and distance to commercial activities identified as the main influencing factors, have been found to be consistent with the result of intensity analysis on land use changes in this small town.

scholarly journals MAIN PROBLEMS OF ACTIVITY OF ACTIVITIES BY CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (86) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliesia Mytnyk ◽  
◽  
Larysa Butko ◽  
Vladyslava Danyilenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Cultural Services ◽  
Artistic Director

The culture has always been funded residually. And now funding continues to be made available to address the immediate needs of communities. Subventions received by communities as part of the reform were aimed at road mending, renovating municipal equipment, water suppling, and upgrading. As a result, it is impossible to maintain cultural institutions and provide quality cultural services to the population in less well-off communities. This may result in depressed territories being left without cultural facilities, cultural programs and projects. Another problem that exists in villages, towns and small towns is the so-called «staff shortage». Low wages and lack of professional prospects in rural areas don’t help involvement of experts to work for positions in the field of culture. In the more capable ATCs, as well as in the communities that have become the centers of the community, there is often at least a team of the director, the artistic director, the circle leaders who organize the cultural life in the community. But in small villages, in houses of culture, the enthusiasm of only one person who has worked in this position all his life is still held. This person is at the same time a director, artistic director, head of all circles, and sometimes a technical worker. According to R. Yu. Mylian, increased attention to solving problems of the sociocultural development of rural settlements will contribute to the preservation and development of cultural institutions in rural areas, prevent the outflow of the working and most educated population, especially young people, and will eventually strengthen the sustainable development potential of Ukraine as a whole. The organization and holding of mass cultural events in rural areas is an effective means of strengthening the competitiveness of rural areas, enhances the development of cultural interregional and cross-border cooperation, event-tourism and has a positive impact on the branding of rural settlements as tourist attractions. To address the above issues, is invited to identify an approach whereby a State, acting by the Culture Ministry, will develop standards for the minimum volume and quality of cultural services, compliance with which will be mandatory for local governments in communities. This may occur by defining and establishing a set of basic services guaranteed by the State and financed from the State budget. For the normal functioning of State culture, it is necessary to establish a new concept of these institutions activities in the ATC, to provide for tax exemption by legal acts and to clearly define the types of services provided by cultural activity.

Transgender clients in rural areas and small towns.

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 154-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie M. Koch ◽  
Douglas Knutson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Towns

Application of Remote Sensing in Agriculture

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Piekarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods

AbstractWith increasing intensity of agricultural crop production increases the need to obtain information about environmental conditions in which this production takes place. Remote sensing methods, including satellite images, airborne photographs and ground-based spectral measurements can greatly simplify the monitoring of crop development and decision-making to optimize inputs on agricultural production and reduce its harmful effects on the environment. One of the earliest uses of remote sensing in agriculture is crop identification and their acreage estimation. Satellite data acquired for this purpose are necessary to ensure food security and the proper functioning of agricultural markets at national and global scales. Due to strong relationship between plant bio-physical parameters and the amount of electromagnetic radiation reflected (in certain ranges of the spectrum) from plants and then registered by sensors it is possible to predict crop yields. Other applications of remote sensing are intensively developed in the framework of so-called precision agriculture, in small spatial scales including individual fields. Data from ground-based measurements as well as from airborne or satellite images are used to develop yield and soil maps which can be used to determine the doses of irrigation and fertilization and to take decisions on the use of pesticides.

Small Agribusiness in Ensuring Sustainable Development of Rural Areas in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
A.I. Chernykh ◽  
◽  
O.V. Goncharenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
National Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Peasant Farmer ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Socio Economic Development

Rural settlements occupy a significant part of the territory of Russia, where about 25% of the population lives and significant natural resource potential is concentrated, but the level of their socio-economic development is significantly inferior to urban ones. Increasing depressiveness of rural areas and spatial socio-economic differentiation is a systemic problem and an obstacle to the balanced development of the national economy, reduces its competitiveness due to insufficient use of economic potential, creates challenges to the economic and national security of the state. A powerful tool for countering such trends is the formation and implementation of the potential for the development of small agribusiness, which is mainly based on households created in the form of peasant (farmer) and personal subsidiary associations. The article ana-lyzes the potential of small agribusiness development in rural areas.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing Methods for the Retrieval of Inventory and Bioproductivity Parameters of Forests Using High Resolution Satellite Images

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 01003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egor Dmitriev ◽  
Vladimir Kozoderov ◽  
Sergey Donskoy ◽  
Petr Melnik ◽  
Anton Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Images ◽  
Automated Processing ◽  
Tver Region ◽  
Remote Sensing Methods

A method for automated processing high spatial resolution satellite images is proposed to retrieve inventory and bioproductivity parameters of forest stands. The method includes effective learning classifiers, inverse modeling, and regression modeling of the estimated parameters. Spectral and texture features are used to classify forest species. The results of test experiments for the selected area of Savvatievskoe forestry (Russia, Tver region) are presented. Accuracy estimates obtained using ground-based measurements demonstrate the effectiveness of using the proposed techniques to automate the process of updating information for the State Forest Inventory program of Russia.

scholarly journals Correlation between Elderly Migrants’ Needs and Environmental Adaptability: A Discussion Based on Human Urbanization Features

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5068
Author(s):  
Yi Hua ◽  
Zhi Qiu ◽  
Wenjing Luo ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Zhu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Community ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Elderly Migrants ◽  
Environmental Adaptability ◽  
Community Environments ◽  
Rural Group

Building concentrated resettlement community in small towns is mostly used to deal with resettlement construction for rural migrants in economically developed regions in China, which leads to migrants’ living environment changing from rural settlements where production and living are intertwined to an urban community that only supports living functions. However, the urbanized environment is contrary to elderly migrants’ behavior, resulting in contradictions or conflicts between migrants and resettlement communities, reflecting a lack of urbanization synchronization between migrants and resettlement community environments. Further, elderly migrants are also equipped with different degrees and types of urbanization characteristics, thus reflecting different abilities to adapt to the urban community environment. Based on the corresponding relationship between people’s different production and living needs and urbanization, this research starts by investigating the production and living needs of elderly migrants, and further clarifies the environmental adaptability of elderly migrants by sorting the types and characteristics of urbanization of elderly migrants to provide a reference basis for the planning and construction of future resettlement areas. The research uses questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to investigate the population attributes and characteristics of elderly migrants, as well as their different needs for production and living. The research uses hierarchical cluster analysis, the one-way ANOVA test and Chi-square test to constructed a four-quadrant model on human urbanization features: an Urban Group with both living and production urbanized (Group H-H); a Half-urban-half-rural Group with only living needs urbanized (Group H-L); a Half-urban-Half-rural Group with only production needs urbanized (Group L-H); and a Rural group with both living and production needs not urbanized (Group L-L). Finally, based on the results, this research proposed three elderly environment construction orientations of “Promote the Supply Level of Urban Public Services”, “Create a Place That Embodies the Spirit of Immigrants’ Homeland”, and “Moderate Consideration of Agricultural Production Needs” for residential planning.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document