The relationship between the duration of the service period and the milk yield of the Holsteinized black-mottled breed

The purpose of the study is to study the relationship between the rates of dairy productivity and reproduction of cows in the highly productive Ayrshire herds of the Republic of Karelia.Materials and methods. The work was performed on the basis of the four Stud of the Airshire rock at the "Megrega" trivial, "Ilyinskoe", Mayak LLC, Agrocomplex OJSC. V. M. Zaitseva "(Republic of Karelia). Data on dairy productivity and reproductive ability are collected and processed in 24,720 cows. Materials of zootechnical accounting and bonitations for 2004-2020 were used. At the end of the observation period, the productivity of the Stud was 7500-8500 kg of milk.From indicators of the productivity of cows, the amount of fishing, fat products for full lactation and 305 days of lactation, from the reproduction indicators - the duration of the service period, a dry period, an interstitial period (MOP), the age of the first calf, the age of cows during the selection, the causes of the selection are taken.The main biometric constants (X ̅, ϭ, CV) were calculated, the grouping method was used to characterize the signs of signs calculated the correlation coefficients.Results. The relationship between milk productivity and reproduction was studied in 4 Ayrshire herds of 24,720 cows with an average productivity of 7500-8500 kg of milk. A high positive relationship of milk yield and milk fat production with the duration of the service period (SP) was established, the correlation coefficient was up to 0.929 (P<0.001), which is consistent with the data of other researchers of this problem. It is shown that in herds with a milk yield of 8500-9000 kg of milk, the SP duration of 135-140 days is justified. It was noted that the decrease in the age of the first calving of cows led to an increase in the milk yield of the entire herd (r =-0.676; -0.686; P<0.05).A relatively short period of use of cows in herds was recorded – 3.5-3.7 lactations, while the milk yield of cows aged six lactations and older significantly exceeded the average milk yield for the herd. This leads to a positive correlation of the period of use of cows (r =0.935; P<0.001) and the proportion of cows with six lactation and older (r =0.788; P<0.05) with the milk yield of the herd. Cows with six lactations and older can stay in the herd, provided that their performance exceeds the average level of the herd. The influence of milk yield on the length of the service period and the MOP is manifested not only within one lactation, but also in adjacent lactation. It was found that with an increase in milk yield from less than 6000 kg of milk to 9500-10000 kg or more in the previous lactation, the duration of SP in the subsequent lactation increased from 112 to 170 days, MOP – from 391 to 436 (correlation coefficients from 0.138 (P<0.01) to 0.870 (P<0.001).Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the need to develop operating conditions for cows that provide a combination of high and record milk yield with normal reproductive abilities. In particular, to ensure maximum optimization of feeding conditions, maintenance, breeding and veterinary services, and control of animal health.

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GENETIC CONDITIONS OF COWS REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS DISEASES IN SUBPOPULATIONS

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2019/6/63-67 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 63-67

Author(s):

V. M. Kuznetsov ◽

G. B. Revina ◽

L. I. Astashenkova

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Reproductive Traits ◽

The Third ◽

Disease Rates ◽

Service Period ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽

Efficiency Of Selection ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

As a result of the studies, the relationship of reproductive traits with adaptability was revealed, which were characterized by low heritability and were subject to inbred depression. Selection rates increased from generation to generation by an average of 13.8 %, but did not always lead to changes in disease rates. The correlation coefficient between milk yield of cows during the first 305 days of lactation and service period was -0,227± 0,013 (F test of 5.2), the coefficient of the linear regression of service period on milk yield for 305 days of first lactation – 0,45±0,033. A positive correlation (r =+52±0,012) was revealed between the milk yield of full-aged cows during 305 days of lactation and the number of cows eliminated due to infertility. Genetic and environmental factors together exceeded the threshold of adaptability, so the body's ability to resist became weakened. The correlation coefficient for daughter-mother for the duration of the disease +0,33±0,022, age of animals at the beginning of the disease – +0,36±0,021. Coefficients of repeatability gynecological diseases in cows from the first to the second lactation + 0,807, from the second to the third + 0,892, from the first to the third – + 0,454. From the data obtained, it follows that heritability depends on factors, each of which has a relatively small impact on variability and is determined by many genes. Features with a threshold deviation are not related to the efficiency of selection by productivity. Gynecological pathologies in offspring arise under the influence of different alleles systems.

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The effect of the level of milk yield on the reproduction traits in black and white cows

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah1203487d ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 487-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Djedovic ◽

V. Bogdanovic ◽

G. Trifunovic ◽

M.D. Petrovic ◽

M.M. Petrovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Calving Interval ◽

Mean Values ◽

Black And White ◽

Service Period ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Reproduction Traits ◽

General Average ◽

The Relationship

In this study a relationship between the milk yield and following reproduction traits: number of inseminations per conception [AIS], service period [SP], age at calving [AC], calving interval [CI] and birth weight [BW] is studied. The research involved dairy cows of European type of Black and White cattle which are being intensively improved by the genes of Holstein - Friesian breed. Mean values of general average for number of inseminations per conception, service period, age at calving, calving interval and birth weight are: 2.00; 98.78; 1088.08; 376.70 and 36.40, respectively. In general, the estimated phenotypic correlations (rp) between the milk yield over standard lactations and fertility traits were positive and unfavorable, and ranged from 0.24 for the relationship between milk yield and birth weight to 0.70 for relationship between milk yield and age at calving.

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Analyse of the relationship between milk components and reproduction in the Czech Fleckvieh first-calf cows

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun200957010013 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 13-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jiří Bezdíček ◽

Oto Hanuš ◽

Marek Bjelka ◽

Aleš Dufek ◽

Radoslava Jedelská ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

General Tendency ◽

Length Of Service ◽

Milk Traits ◽

Service Period ◽

Milk Components ◽

Reproduction Traits ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

The Relationship ◽

A Company

The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between reproduction and milk traits in cows of the Czech Fleckvieh. In the period of 90–180 days after calving milk of each dairy cow was analysed for constituent milk components and milk features (40 analyses in total for each sample). The database contained data concerning to the origin and reproduction traits (service period, services per conception and interval between calving and first insemination) for every single cow.When the calculated correlations were evaluated the milk yield reached significant (* p < 0.05) to very significant (**p < 0.01) negative correlation to content of some milk components: fat (−0.253**); rough protein (−0.256**); casein (−0.197**); pure protein (−0.247**); and also to content of some macroelements as: phosphorus (−0.245**); sodium (−0.261**); magnesium (−0.151*).Relation of milk yield (in kg) and reproduction traits (number of inseminations and length of service period) shows non–significant positive correlations. With increasing of milk yield, there are a higher number of services per conception and longer service period. It confirms a general tendency of deterioration of reproduction with an increasing milk yield.We have found out that when the concentration of urea, acetone, number of somatic cells and percentage of fat in milk of Czech Fleckvieh cows was increased, reproduction traits worsened (number of inseminations, length of service period). The differences were not statistically significant. This negative relation was not proven to an interval (number of days between calving and the first insemination), where a company management may have a significant influence.

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Evaluation of the relationship between milk yield and the service period duration of cows

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/677/3/032019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 677 (3) ◽

pp. 032019

Author(s):

O V Gorelik ◽

S Yu Harlap ◽

N D Vinogradova ◽

I A Lykasova ◽

O V Belookova

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Service Period ◽

The Relationship ◽

Period Duration

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INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF TISSUE BIO-STIMULANT MADE FROM VELVET ANTLER DEER BY-PRODUCTS ON COW REPRODUCTIVE QUALITIES

Molochnoe i miasnoe skotovodstvo ◽

10.33943/mms.2021.65.74.007 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 40-42

Author(s):

И.А. ПУШКАРЕВ

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Live Weight ◽

Trial Group ◽

Dry Period ◽

Trial Batch ◽

Service Period ◽

Velvet Antler ◽

Group 15 ◽

By Products ◽

Different Doses

Исследования проводились в Алтайском крае на коровах Приобского типа черно-пестрой породы. Было сформировано 4 группы коров 3 лактации, аналогов по живой массе (500 кг), в период сухостоя, по 10 голов в каждой. Молочная продуктивность по последней контрольной дойке перед запуском составляла в среднем 22,5 л. Тканевый биостимулятор вводили с интервалом 14 дней, четырехкратно в период сухостоя и четырехкратно в период раздоя. В I опытной группе доза тканевого биостимулятора составляла 15 мл/гол., во II — 22,5 мл/гол., в III — 30 мл/гол. Опытную партию тканевого биостимулятора изготовили из субпродуктов и боенских отходов пантовых оленей. Наиболее оптимальной дозой применения тканевого биостимулятора следует считать 22,5 мл/гол, она способствовала сокращению времени прихода коров в первую половую охоту после отела на 3,9%, повышению результативности осеменения до 30,0%, уменьшению сервис-периода на 17,5% (P≤0,05) и индекса осеменения на 32,0%. The studies were conducted in in the herd of Black-Pied cows of the Priobskiy type. Four groups of 10 dry cows at the age of the 3rd lactation and comparable in live weight (500 kg) were formed. The milk yield at to the last control milking before drying-off averaged 22.5 liters. The tissue bio-stimulant was administered two weeks apart, four times during the dry period and four times during the first 100 days of lactation. The tissue bio-stimulant was administered in the following doses: in the 1st trial group — 15 mL per head; 2nd trial group — 22.5 mL per head; 3rd trial group - 30 mL per head. The trial batch of the tissue bio-stimulant was made from velvet antler deer by-products and slaughterhouse offal. The tissue bio-stimulant dose of 22.5 mL per head should be considered the most optimal one; it shortened time of coming in the first heat after calving by 3.9%, increased insemination effectiveness to 30.0%, shortened the service period by 17.5% (P≤0.05) and decreased the insemination index by 32.0%.

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Large rotary dairies achieve high cow throughput but are not more labour efficient than medium-sized rotaries

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an12312 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 53 (6) ◽

pp. 573 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

J. P. Edwards ◽

J. G. Jago ◽

N. Lopez-Villalobos

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Mixed Models ◽

Telephone Survey ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Milk Flow ◽

Efficiency Measures ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

A Site ◽

The Relationship ◽

Total Labour

It was hypothesised that large rotary dairies (>60 clusters) are not more operator efficient than medium-sized rotaries (40–60 clusters). This was tested by collecting and analysing milking data, during peak and late lactation, from block calving herds milked in rotary dairies fitted with electronic milk meters. Data were collected from a total of 61 unique farms around New Zealand, with rotary dairies ranging in size from 28 to 80 clusters, for two 5-day periods during spring (September–November 2010; 47 farms; average milk yield 23.1 kg/day) and autumn (February–April 2011; 60 farms; average milk yield 16.4 kg/day). A telephone survey was conducted to collect basic farm details: size, land area, the number of herds managed (including hospital herds), number of operators in the dairy and total labour input. A site visit was conducted to collect data such as the number of bails/stalls over the entrance and exit of the platform. The herd management software on each farm was programmed to record similar fields for each of the six machine manufacturers represented. Variables recorded included cow, date, identification time, bail number, milk yield, milking duration, and average milk flow rate. Calculations were performed to determine the number of cows milked and milk harvested per hour as well as the operator efficiency values for these measures and an estimate of cluster utilisation. Mixed models were used to determine the relationship between the dependent variables, cows milked per hour, milk harvested per hour, cows milked per operator per hour, milk harvested per operator per hour, and cluster utilisation, and the independent variables collected. Cows milked and milk harvested per hour increased linearly with rotary size, during both spring and autumn and there was a quadratic relationship between operator efficiency measures and rotary size, which peaked at ~60 clusters. Cluster utilisation, the amount of time clusters were harvesting milk out of the plant running time, was estimated at 46 ± 6%. Larger rotary dairies on average achieved greater throughput; however, they were not more operator efficient than medium-sized rotaries. Thus, large rotary dairies are best suited to farms where the additional throughput is required.

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Influence of reproductive qualities on dairy productivity of cows of the Simmental breed

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202128504005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 285 ◽

pp. 04005

Author(s):

Maria Grinchuk ◽

Yulia Nesterova

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Mass Fraction ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Production Performance ◽

Dry Period ◽

Milk Productivity ◽

Service Period ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Different Levels

The aim of work is to explore influence of first fruitful insemination, service period and dry period to dairy productivity of Simmental cows. The research is aimed at studying the milk production of Simmental cows with different levels of reproductive qualities. The result of the research, a relation was established between the age of the first fruitful insemination, the duration of the service period, the duration of the dry period and milk production performance. It has been established that the age of the first fruitful insemination at 18-24 months has the most beneficial effect on subsequent milk production. The service period of 90-120 days has a positive effect to an increase in milk yield per 305 days of lactation, the longer service period negatively affects to the mass fraction of fat. With an increase in the duration of the dry period, the mass fraction of fat increases, but milk yield decreases. The influence of reproductive qualities to the milk protein is negligible. It was revealed that the age of the first insemination at 18-24 months is the most profitable for production. According to the results of the research, it can be judged that reproductive qualities, in combination with other factors, affect the milk productivity of Simmental cows.

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Reppoductive ability of ukrainian black and white dairy cows

Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.15421/nvlvet6727 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. I. Kuziv ◽

E. I. Fedorovych

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Reproductive Capacity ◽

Dry Period ◽

Black And White ◽

Reproductive Ability ◽

Service Period ◽

Lactation Duration ◽

The Impact ◽

Period Duration

The major components of economically useful traits in cattle dairy productivity, which conducted the selection is milk productivity and reproductive ability of cows. Studies conducted on animals Ukrainian black and white dairy cattle in the «Milk River» farm in the Sokal and Brody offices breeding reproducers «Breeder» Lviv region and plant breeding «Yamnytsya» Ivano–Frankivsk region. Ukrainian black and white dairy breed in the western region of Ukraine is characterized by good reproductive ability. Depending on the husbandry and lactation duration, service period lasted within 87.4 – 121.5 day, intercalving period – within 364 – 402.6 day, dry period within – 47.3 – 72.9 day, the fertility index was 46.3 – 48.0, coefficient of reproductive ability – within 0.92–0.99, output of calves per 100 cows – within 91.8 – 98.8. The duration of pregnancy in cows of different farms and lactations were in range 277 – 283.5 day and meet the requirements of the physiological norm. It has been shown that the milk yield of cows depends on the parameters of reproductive capacity. The correlation between duration of service–period and intercalving period, and milk yield, milk fat in most cases was positive. Correlation dry period duration and parameters of milk yield changed from negative to positive. Depending on the husbandry, lactation and index the impact share of service–period duration on milk yield was 7.0 – 29.7, for intercalving period – 8.8 – 31.8, for dry period – 9.2 – 23.8% respectively.

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Genetic Parameters for First Lactation and Lifetime Traits of Nili-Ravi Buffaloes

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.557468 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Pooja Tamboli ◽

Anurag Bharadwaj ◽

Amit Chaurasiya ◽

Yogesh Chandrakant Bangar ◽

Andonissamy Jerome

Keyword(s):

Genetic Correlation ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Phenotypic Correlation ◽

Productive Life ◽

Lactation Length ◽

Service Period ◽

Reproduction Traits ◽

Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽

Breeding Efficiency ◽

Estimation Of Variance

The data on first lactation and lifetime performance records of 501 Nili-Ravi were collected for a period from 1983 to 2017 (35 years) maintained at ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Sub-Campus, Nabha, Punjab. The data were analyzed to calculate heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlation for first lactation traits, viz., Age at First Calving (AFC), First Lactation Total Milk Yield (FLTMY), First Lactation Standard (305 days or less) Milk Yield (FLSMY), First Peak Milk Yield (FPY), First Lactation Length (FLL), First Dry Period (FDP), First Service Period (FSP) and First Calving Interval (FCI), Herd Life (HL), Productive Life (PL), Productive Days (PD), Unproductive Days (UD), Breeding Efficiency (BE), Total Lifetime Milk Yield (Total LTMY), Standard Lifetime Milk Yield (Standard LTMY), Milk Yield Per Day of Productive Life (MY/PL), Milk Yield Per Day of Productive Days (MY/PD), and Milk Yield Per Day of Herd Life (MY/HL). For estimation of variance component and heritability separately for each trait, the uni-trait animal model was equipped, whereas to estimate genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits, bi-trait animal models were fitted. The estimates of heritability for production and reproduction traits of Nili-Ravi were medium, i.e., 0.365 ± 0.087, 0.353 ± 0.071, 0.318 ± 0.082, 0.354 ± 0.076, and 0.362 ± 0.086 for FLSMY, FDP, FSP, FCI, and AFC, respectively. The estimates of heritability were low, i.e., 0.062 ± 0.088, 0.123 ± 0.090, 0.158 ± 0.090, 0.155 ± 0.091, and 0.129 ± 0.091 for HL, PL, PD, Total LTMY, and Standard LTMY and high, i.e., 0.669 ± 0.096 for BE. Genetic correlation for FLTMY was high with FLL (0.710 ± 0.103), and genetic correlation of FLTMY was high and positive with HL, Total LTMY, MY/PL, and MY/PD while low and positive with PL. Genetic correlation of AFC was low and negative with PL, PD, UD, BE, Total LTMY, Standard LTMY, MY/PL, and MY/PD and negative with MY/HL. Significant positive phenotypic association of FPY was seen with FLTMY, FLSMY, FLL, AFC, HL, Total LTMY, and Standard LTMY. Higher heritability of first lactation traits especially FPY suggests sufficient additive genetic variability, which can be exploited under selection and breeding policy in order to improve overall performance of Nili-Ravi buffaloes.

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