scholarly journals Mercury in female cattle livers and kidneys from Vojvodina, northern Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 854 (1) ◽  
pp. 012099
Author(s):  
V Tomovic ◽  
M Jokanovic ◽  
M Tomovic ◽  
B Sojic ◽  
M Lazovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Female Cattle

Abstract Concentrations of mercury (Hg) were analysed in livers (n = 26) and kidneys (n = 26) of female cattle (412–2502 days old) from farms for milk production in the area of Vojvodina. Concentration of Hg was analysed by ICP-OES, after digestion by microwave. The Hg concentrations in the livers and kidneys ranged from below detection limits (LOD < 0.006 mg/kg) to 0.206 mg/kg wet weight and from below detection limits (LOD < 0.006 mg/kg) to 0.018 mg/kg wet weight, respectively.

scholarly journals Milk Production, Wet Weight, Dry Weight, Potassium, and Nucleic Acid Measurements of Cows’ Udders

1974 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1350-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.R. Anderson ◽  
M.H. Lu ◽  
J.J. Trojanor ◽  
J.L. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wet Weight

scholarly journals The assessment of the usability of selected instrumental techniques for the elemental analysis of biomedical samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Planeta ◽  
Aldona Kubala-Kukus ◽  
Agnieszka Drozdz ◽  
Katarzyna Matusiak ◽  
Zuzanna Setkowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Gf Aas

AbstractThe fundamental role of major, minor and trace elements in different physiological and pathological processes occurring in living organism makes that elemental analysis of biomedical samples becomes more and more popular issue. The most often used tools for analysis of the elemental composition of biological samples include Flame and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (F-AAS and GF-AAS), Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Each of these techniques has many advantages and limitations that should be considered in the first stage of planning the measurement procedure. Their reliability can be checked in the validation process and the precision, trueness and detection limits of elements belong to the most frequently determined validation parameters. The main purpose of this paper was the discussion of selected instrumental techniques (F-AAS, GF-AAS, ICP-OES and ICP-MS) in term of the achieved validation parameters and the usefulness in the analysis of biological samples. The focus in the detailed literature studies was also put on the methods of preparation of the biomedical samples. What is more based on the own data the usefulness of the total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy for the elemental analysis of animal tissues was examined. The detection limits of elements, precision and trueness for the technique were determined and compared with the literature data concerning other of the discussed techniques of elemental analysis. Reassuming, the following paper is to serve as a guide and comprehensive source of information concerning the validation parameters achievable in different instrumental techniques used for the elemental analysis of biomedical samples.

A survey of the cadmium concentration in kidney, liver and muscle of South Australian cattle

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.-S. Koh ◽  
P. C. Bansemer ◽  
A. B. Frensham
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Limit ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Female Cattle ◽  
Kidney Liver ◽  
Farm Types

Summary. A survey to assess the extent of cadmium accumulation in South Australian cattle was undertaken in 1989–91. Of the 8635 cattle sampled, about 12% of the kidney samples and 1% of the liver samples contained cadmium concentrations above the maximum permitted concentration for human consumption of 2.5 mg/kg wet weight for kidney and 1.25 mg/kg wet weight for liver. None of the 262 muscle samples assayed contained cadmium concentrations above the maximum permitted concentration of 0.2 mg/kg wet weight. There was a significant effect of location, gender and season on the extent of non-compliance. Of the regions examined, non-compliance rates for Kangaroo Island, Lower Eyre, South East and Lower Central were significantly higher than for the other regions. In general, non-compliance rates were higher in female cattle than in male cattle, increased with age and were lowest in spring. After adjustment for these factors, non-compliance rates were similar across farm types, namely dairy, beef and feedlot. Although there was a significant correlation between cadmium concentrations in liver and in whole kidney, the confidence limit was considered excessive, rendering liver cadmium values an unreliable predictor of cadmium values in kidney.

An Energy Budget for a Rainbow Trout Farm

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony J. Pitcher
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Energy Budget ◽  
Vegetable Protein ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Input Energy ◽  
Fish Protein ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Energy Subsidy

An industrial energy-budget for a Rainbow Trout farm shows that 93% of the energy costs of production are incurred in feeding the fish, seven-tenths of which is due to fishnieal incorporated in the food pellets. Only one-tenth of the input energy is converted into fish, but the energy subsidy of the farming operation compares favourably with conventional fishing and is 423 input megajoules per kg of output fish protein (55 MJ per kg wet-weight of fish landed). However, if the Trout could be fed on a diet composed of suitable vegetable protein, this performance would be improved to an overall conversion efficiency of one-third, and a subsidy of about 160 MJ per kg. A smaller but similar improvement could result if the Peruvian anchovy fishery regained its former production level.As these improved energy-costs are comparable with those of crops of potatoes, and with those of bread and milk production, a 2-men Rainbow Trout farm yielding 25 tonnes per year on one hectare would become an attractive protein-producing enterprise in localities where the necessary water-supply is available.

3H-galactose and 3H-glucose incorporation into newly synthesized hepatic glycogen in control-fed rats

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 292-293
Author(s):  
J.E. Michaels ◽  
S.A. Garfield ◽  
J.T. Hung ◽  
S.S. Smith ◽  
R.R. Cardell
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Tail Vein ◽  
Tracer Dose ◽  
Glucose Incorporation ◽  
Wet Weight

3H-galactose (gal) and 3H-glucose (glu) were compared to determine which compound was preferable for pulse labeling newly formed hepatic glycogen. Control fed rats were used to achieve substantial and consistent levels of hepatic glycogen and to stimulate glycogen synthesis.Rats fed once daily for 4 hr achieved hepatic glycogen levels > 3% wet weight liver prior to injection by tail vein of a tracer dose of 3H-gal or 3H-glu. The rats were sacrificed 15-120 min later and liver was prepared by routine techniques for light (LM) and electron microscopic (EM) radioautography (RAG) and biochemical analysis.

Quantitative parallel EELS spectrum imaging developed as a new tool in AEM

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1202-1203
Author(s):  
Gianluigi Botton ◽  
Gilles L'espérance
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Personal Computer ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Present Author ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Quantitative Performance ◽  
Spectrum Imaging

As interest for parallel EELS spectrum imaging grows in laboratories equipped with commercial spectrometers, different approaches were used in recent years by a few research groups in the development of the technique of spectrum imaging as reported in the literature. Either by controlling, with a personal computer both the microsope and the spectrometer or using more powerful workstations interfaced to conventional multichannel analysers with commercially available programs to control the microscope and the spectrometer, spectrum images can now be obtained. Work on the limits of the technique, in terms of the quantitative performance was reported, however, by the present author where a systematic study of artifacts detection limits, statistical errors as a function of desired spatial resolution and range of chemical elements to be studied in a map was carried out The aim of the present paper is to show an application of quantitative parallel EELS spectrum imaging where statistical analysis is performed at each pixel and interpretation is carried out using criteria established from the statistical analysis and variations in composition are analyzed with the help of information retreived from t/γ maps so that artifacts are avoided.

Analysis of completed commercial semiconductors using EPMA

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 502-503
Author(s):  
R. Packwood ◽  
M.W. Phaneuf ◽  
V. Weatherall ◽  
I. Bassignana
Keyword(s):  
Electron Probe Microanalysis ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Semiconductor Industry ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Depth Resolution ◽  
Analytical Instruments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Numerous Element ◽  
Choice Method

The development of specialized analytical instruments such as the SIMS, XPS, ISS etc., all with truly incredible abilities in certain areas, has given rise to the notion that electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) is an old fashioned and rather inadequate technique, and one that is of little or no use in such high technology fields as the semiconductor industry. Whilst it is true that the microprobe does not possess parts-per-billion sensitivity (ppb) or monolayer depth resolution it is also true that many times these extremes of performance are not essential and that a few tens of parts-per-million (ppm) and a few tens of nanometers depth resolution is all that is required. In fact, the microprobe may well be the second choice method for a wide range of analytical problems and even the method of choice for a few.The literature is replete with remarks that suggest the writer is confusing an SEM-EDXS combination with an instrument such as the Cameca SX-50. Even where this confusion does not exist, the literature discusses microprobe detection limits that are seldom stated to be as low as 100 ppm, whereas there are numerous element combinations for which 10-20 ppm is routinely attainable.

Services Provided for Lactating Mothers at Lactation Management Clinic in Selected Tertiary Level Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Tarannum Tasnim ◽  
ANM Shamsul Islam ◽  
Mehedi Hasan Azad ◽  
Farhana Sharmin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breast Milk Production ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Children are the precious gift from the Almightily Allah and breast milk is an ideal product given to the human being by nature to fulfill all requirements of the offspring until they are matured enough to take adult food. Objective: To assess the services provided for lactating mothers at lactation management centre in selected tertiary level hospitals. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 100 Lactating mothers who were selected conveniently and were interviewed by pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Collected data were processed and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Packages for Social Science) software. Results: Lactation management centre (LMC) is supervised by a consultant and separate room is allotted in both out-patient and in-patient departments. Mothers came with lactation problems were more likely in the first month of the baby (73%) and feeling of not enough milk production was common (49%).Highly significant relationship was found between breast problems of lactating mother and age of child (p<0.001). About 84% respondents received practical demonstration on position and attachment of the baby during lactation. About 91% respondents got dietary advice for enough breast milk production, 75% got dietary advice regarding their child’s weaning food chart and69% got health education. Maximum mothers were informed about LMC by doctor & nurse (82%). Conclusion: Information about LMC services should be disseminated across the country. Lactating mothers should be familiarized with LMC and public awareness should be enhanced for effective management of breastfeeding problem to promote, protect and support the breastfeeding. JOPSOM 2019; 38(2): 68-73

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