scholarly journals Behaviour of brand switching of milk product for young children aged 1-3 years in consumers of middle to lower socioeconomic class in urban communities in malang

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012087
Author(s):  
Sunardi ◽  
J H Mulyo ◽  
Irham ◽  
Jamhari
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Milk Product ◽  
Socioeconomic Class ◽  
Brand Switching ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Consumer Dissatisfaction

Abstract A total of 56.7% of Indonesia’s population today is concentrated in urban areas. More than 80% of Indonesians belong to the middle and lower socioeconomic class and this segment is the biggest consumer of milk products for young children aged 1-3 years called growing-up milk (GUM). Understanding the brand and customer behaviour is significantly important. This study aimed to examine the behavior of GUM brand switching on middle to lower socioeconomic class consumers in urban communities. The research was conducted in Malang Municipality, East Java Province, using guided interviews with questionnaires. The research respondents were 102 consumers of GUM that were selected by proportional random method in all five sub-districts. The data were processed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results showed that the prior experience in purchasing variables had a highly significantly negative effect and the consumer dissatisfaction had a significantly positive effect on the process of brand switching for consumers of GUM products. Empty product stock in the store is one of the real examples of bad prior experience as well as dissatisfaction of the consumers that trigger them to change the old brand to new brand. The GUM companies have to maintain product suppliability.

The Application of Organic Plant Media Composition on Indian Mustard Crops (Brassica Juncea L) in Polybag

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Nora Augustien ◽  
Pawana Nur Indah ◽  
Purnawati Arika ◽  
Irsyad Irsyad ◽  
Hadi Suhardjono
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Mustard Plant ◽  
Soil Media ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Right

Indian mustard plants are the main vegetable crops consumed by urban communities. The need for this vegetable increases along with the increase in culinary tourism in each region and the government's appeal on sustainable food home. One effort made to meet the needs of vegetable mustard in urban areas can be cultivated using polybags. The main problem of vegetable cultivation on polybags is the availability of soil media. To overcome the limitations of soil media it is attempted to substitute it with organic litter enriched with MOL (local microorganisms). The purpose of research is to find the right combination of planting media for mustard plants. The results showed that the composition of K7 = soil: compost: litter of hay: litter of maize (2: 1: 1: 1) best on plant length, number of leaves, length of root leaves and number of roots while the wet weight of mustard plant (g) K7 = soil: compost: litter of maize: litter of corn (2: 1: 1: 1) and K8 = soil: compost: litter of maize: litter of maize: cocopeat (2: 1: 1: 1: 1) or soil: compost + urea. Increased weights of wet mustard by 63% compared to soil media and 20% compared to soil composition: compost + urea. Organic straw in the form of straw: litter of corn stalk: cocopeat enriched with MOL are able to become ready-made planting media on the cultivation of indian mustard plants in polybags.

scholarly journals How Do Five- to Six-Year-Old Children Interpret a Burning Candle?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Vanessa Sesto ◽  
Isabel García-Rodeja
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Preschool Age Children ◽  
Previous Learning ◽  
Science Activities

Many studies have been conducted in recent years on the explanations given by preschool-age children about different natural phenomena. Nonetheless, very few studies have actually focused on the important domain of matter and its transformations. Specifically, the field of chemical reactions remains unexplored. This qualitative study aims to investigate the explanations of twenty-two 5- to 6-year-old children about combustion, while at the same time evaluating the effect of prior experience with science activities on their interpretations. For this study, the following experiment was proposed: burning a candle inside an inverted vessel. The following data collection tools were used: a Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) strategy and audio and video recordings. The children’s explanations were analysed using classification frameworks, which had been developed in previous studies. The results of this study suggest that young children tend to provide naturalistic explanations about combustion. This finding is an indicator that young children are able to construct mental representations within this conceptual domain. Likewise, the results indicate that children who are used to engaging in inquiry-based activities may be more likely to establish a relationship with previous learning experiences to interpret other natural phenomena.

scholarly journals Socio-Demographic Factors Influencing the Use of Assistive Technology among Children with Disabilities in Malawi

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3062
Author(s):  
Monica Jamali-Phiri ◽  
Ikenna D. Ebuenyi ◽  
Emma M. Smith ◽  
Juba Alyce Kafumba ◽  
Malcolm MacLachlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Multiple Disabilities ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

This paper aims to address the information gap on the influence of socio-demographic factors on access and utilization of Assistive Technology (AT) among children with disabilities in Malawi. Thus, it contributes towards the realization of the recommendations of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with disabilities and the development of a framework for creating an effective national AT policy. The paper used two statistically matched datasets, namely, the 2017 survey on Living conditions among persons with disabilities in Malawi and the 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and Health survey. Logistic regression and structural equation modeling techniques were utilized to assess the influence of socio-demographic factors on the use of AT among children with disabilities. The results indicate that there is a high level of unmet need for AT among young children aged 2 to 9 and those living in urban areas. The results further indicate that children with multiple disabilities have lower odds (OR = 0.924) of using AT for personal mobility compared to children with a single functional difficulty. These results entail that AT needs for children with multiple disabilities are not adequately addressed. Therefore, when developing policies on AT, younger children and those with multiple disabilities need to be specifically targeted.

scholarly journals The effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on growth velocity in young children from poor urban communities in Ecuador

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e788-e791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey I. Egorov ◽  
Fernando Sempértegui ◽  
Bertha Estrella ◽  
Josefina Egas ◽  
Elena N. Naumova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Growth Velocity ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection

scholarly journals Adapting the Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) to engage poor urban communities in Ghana: protocol for a participatory action research study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e049564
Author(s):  
Mary Abboah-Offei ◽  
Akosua Gyasi Darkwa ◽  
Andrews Ayim ◽  
Adelaide Maria Ansah-Ofei ◽  
Delanyo Dovlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Participatory Action Research ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Key Stakeholders

IntroductionWith rapid urbanisation in low-income and middle-income countries, health systems are struggling to meet the needs of their growing populations. Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) in Ghana have been effective in improving maternal and child health in rural areas; however, implementation in urban areas has proven challenging. This study aims to engage key stakeholders in urban communities to understand how the CHPS model can be adapted to reach poor urban communities.Methods and analysisA Participatory Action Research (PAR) will be used to develop an urban CHPS model with stakeholders in three selected CHPS zones: (a) Old Fadama (Yam and Onion Market community), (b) Adedenkpo and (c) Adotrom 2, representing three categories of poor urban neighbourhoods in Accra, Ghana. Two phases will be implemented: phase 1 (‘reconnaissance phase) will engage and establish PAR research groups in the selected zones, conduct focus groups and individual interviews with urban residents, households vulnerable to ill-health and CHPS staff and key stakeholders. A desk review of preceding efforts to implement CHPS will be conducted to understand what worked (or not), how and why. Findings from phase 1 will be used to inform and co-create an urban CHPS model in phase 2, where PAR groups will be involved in multiple recurrent stages (cycles) of community-based planning, observation, action and reflection to develop and refine the urban CHPS model. Data will be managed using NVivo software and coded using the domains of community engagement as a framework to understand community assets and potential for engagement.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the University of York’s Health Sciences Research Governance Committee and the Ghana Health Service Ethics Review Committee. The results of this study will guide the scale-up of CHPS across urban areas in Ghana, which will be disseminated through journal publications, community and government stakeholder workshops, policy briefs and social media content. This study is also funded by the Medical Research Council, UK.

SISTEM HUNIAN MASA DEPAN BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI UNTUK KEBUTUHAN MANUSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Albert Utama ◽  
Sutarki Sutisna
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Livestock Animal ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
The Times

The Living Bot is a project where future residential buildings will adapt to the times. In the coming year, the human population will continue to grow, so that it will use the land as a place for various needs such as shelter, activities, and other things. Along with this increase in human population, the land will also shrink while the land itself is needed so that humans can meet their food needs either from farming (plants), or through livestock (animal). Therefore, The Living Bot created a system in which human implementation begins to adapt to the life in which they live by implementing a residential system that can produce their own food with plantings that maximize vertical land. This form of shelter can be used as a system so that its application can be carried out. Adaptations that are carried out are by changing the lifestyle of humans to the use of technology. The lifestyle that must adapt is by farming, assisted by A.I. technology. because humans in urban areas do not have a background in growing a food crop. Therefore technology is present in helping urban communities, also assisted by modern planting methods such as using hydroponics, aquaponics, aeroponics, and indoor planting techniques assisted by artificial light such as LEDs. Keywords: Adaptation; Techonology Abstrak The Living Bot merupakan sebuah proyek dimana bangunan hunian pada masa depan akan beradaptasi dengan perkembangan zaman. Pada tahun yang akan datang, populasi manusia akan terus bertambah, sehingga akan menggunakan lahan sebagai tempat untuk berbagai macam kebutuhan seperti tempat tinggal, aktivitas, dan hal lainnya. Seiring dengan pertambahan populasi manusia ini, lahan juga akan semakin menyempit sedangkan lahan sendiri diperlukan agar manusia dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pangannya baik dari hasil bertani (tumbuh-tumbuhan), ataupun melalui peternakan (hewani). Maka dari itu The Living Bot membuat suatu sistem yaitu dimana implementasi manusia mulai beradaptasi dengan kehidupan tempat tinggalnya dengan menerapkan sistem hunian yang dapat menghasilkan makanannya sendiri dengan penanaman-penanaman yang memaksimalkan lahan secara vertikal.Bentuk hunian seperti ini dapat dijadikan sebuah sistem sehingga penerapannya dapat dilakukan di berbagai hunian Adaptasi yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengubah gaya hidup manusia sampai kepada pengunaan teknologi. Adapun gaya hidup yang harus beradaptasi adalah dengan bercocok tanam, dengan dibantu oleh teknologi A.I. karena manusia yang ada di perkotaan tidak memiliki latar belakang dalam menanam sebuah tanaman pangan. Maka dari itu teknologi hadir dalam membantu masyarakat kota, juga dibantu oleh metode menanam yang modern seperti menggunakan hidroponik, akuaponik, aeroponik, dan teknik penanaman indoor yang dibantu oleh cahaya buatan seperti LED.

scholarly journals Elements of Opportunity and Poultry Farms Performance in Delta State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Rodney A. Isiorhovoja
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Poultry Farmers

The paper examines the existence, if any, of differences in gross margin between rural and urban areas in Delta State, Nigeria. Data were collected from all 275 poultry farmers registered with the Delta State Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock Department. The null hypotheses was that there is no significant difference in poultry farm gross margin between locations in terms rural and urban areas; managers with formal education in agriculture and managers who have no formal education in agriculture; and managers who have and who do not have prior experience in poultry business. Data were collected from all 275 poultry farmers registered with the State Ministry Agriculture using copies of a structured questionnaire and were analyzed using frequency counts, means and T-test. Amongst the findings were: Majority of poultry business operators have low level formal education in disciplines not related to agriculture; there was a significant difference in the mean number of years of schooling and courses studied between rural and urban areas but that there was no significant difference in number of years of prior experience. The T-test results failed to reject the three null hypotheses. The study concluded that indeed elements of opportunity may vary from place to place but the ability to exploit the benefits may moderate or accentuate performance. Entrepreneurial capacity building was recommended for poultry business operators’ state wide.

scholarly journals Smart cities IOT & Digital network connectivity devices: Optimization on business in Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 064-071
Author(s):  
Makeri Yakubu Ajiji ◽  
Xi’an Jiaotong Victor Chang ◽  
Targio Hashem Ibrahim Abaker ◽  
Uzorka Afam ◽  
T Cirella Giuseppe
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
The Internet ◽  
City Development ◽  
Short Article ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Today the world is becoming connected. The number of devices that are connected are increasing day by day. Many studies reveal that about 50 billion devices would be connected by 2020 indicating that Internet of things have a very big role to play in the future to come Considering the perplexing engineering of Smart City conditions, it ought not to be failed to remember that their establishment lies in correspondence advancements that permit availability and information move between the components in Smart City conditions. Remote interchanges with their capacities speak to Smart City empowering advancements that give the open door for their fast and effective execution and extension as well. The gigantic weight towards the proficient city the board has triggered various Smart City activities by both government and private area businesses to put resources into Information and Communication Technologies to discover feasible answers for the assorted chances and difficulties (e.g., waste the executives). A few specialists have endeavored to characterize a lot of shrewd urban areas and afterward recognize openings and difficulties in building brilliant urban communities. This short article likewise expresses the progressing movement of the Internet of Things and its relationship to keen urban communities. Advancement in ICT and data sharing innovation are the drivers of keen city degree and scale. This quick development is changing brilliant city development with the beginning of the Internet of Things (IoT). This transformation additionally speaks to difficulties in building (Kehua, Li, and Fu ,Su et al.1). By knowing the attributes of specific advances, the experts will have the occasion to create proficient, practical, and adaptable Smart City frameworks by actualizing the most reasonable one.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Classes of University Students in Pakistan as Predictors of their Personality Traits: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-221
Author(s):  
Rafaqat Ali ◽  
Furrukh Bashir ◽  
Rashid Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Socioeconomic Class ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact

The current study was heading for determining the impact of Pakistani university students’ socioeconomic classes on their personality traits. Demographic and personality questionnaires were filled by available university students online. The stepwise regression technique facilitated to generate regression models to define impacts of different socioeconomic classes on students’ different personality traits. Different regression models highlighted the significant negative impacts of the middle upper socioeconomic class on Agreeableness, Extraversion and Neuroticism personality traits. The lower socioeconomic class was found to have positive impact on only one personality sub-trait self-discipline. Whereas, the upper lower socioeconomic class caused positive impacts on students’ trust sub-trait, Conscientiousness trait and negative impact on excitement seeking sub-trait of personality. The importance of these impacts of socioeconomic classes on different personality traits and the possible implications are discussed with respect to university students’ academic performance and academic behaviour.

scholarly journals Problematic of Rattan Resource Management: Conservation and Post-harvest Concerns in Bamenda Town and Its Environs

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
Gilbert Zechia Mofor ◽  
Nadine Yemelong Temgoua ◽  
Ndamsa Dickson Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
A Chain

The use of durable forest resources in urban areas has raised the question of link between conservation and usage patterns. Population growth in Cameroon urban areas has continued to trigger constant demand for forest resources notably for rattan resources. Owing to the thriving domestic use and trade indicators, it is observed that, the furniture processors have been experiencing considerable demand of rattan products. It was pathetic to observe that, though the whole chain of rattan dependable activities have become an integral part of livelihood strategy for many urban communities, it is without any regulatory rearmament. Such scenario has until recently been ostensibly clear that in Bamenda town is an epitome for non-awareness of the exact species used, ecological attitudes, post-harvest losses, innovative technologies and trade letdown. In the context of such lack of awareness, most socioeconomic and conservation benchmarks have remained trapped in inappropriate operations. It is in this light that, Bamenda town displays a range of concerns about the rattan resources management stakes and challenges. Thus, the main objective of this paper attempts to harness suitable socioeconomic and ecological strategies to ensure sustainability with significant potential for the rattan sources to the thriving investors’ livelihood. The study therefore, explores the stakeholders’ treasure on rattan resources derivatives and perceptions on conservation and socioeconomic standing in Bamenda town, which is a heavily dealing place. The study made use of primary and secondary sources to collect necessary data. The results indicate that, they are a chain of rattan resource investors, multiples sources of raw materials and local rattan workspaces. In addition, the paper established that, there are no conservation awareness and visions, no innovative technologies, insufficient basic knowledge about self-regulatory mechanism for informal trade on a sound rattan management as well as no veritable institutional support structures to strengthen the rattan sector. Therefore, imperiling this activity into a blur future given the gaps observed in the sector. Based on these challenges, the study has proposed pertinent concerns, which have some supportive regimented policies to awareness, sustainable conservation, production and trading trends management for livelihood of the rattan dealers in Bamenda town and beyond.

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