scholarly journals Microclonal reproduction of common aspen (Populus tremula L.) genotypes in the Republic of Tatarstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 935 (1) ◽  
pp. 012003
Author(s):  
G A Petrova ◽  
N M Yatmanova ◽  
A R Mukhametshina ◽  
H G Musin ◽  
A Y Akhmetov
Keyword(s):  
Root Systems ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Reliable Difference ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Forestry Production

Abstract The research presents the results of an experiment on propagation of core rot-resistant aspen clones (Populus tremula L.) of diploid and triploid genotypes using microclonal propagation method and their introduction into forestry production in the Republic of Tatarstan. The expediency of using this method in the conditions of the Republic for obtaining healthy aspen planting material is proved, and the prospects of reproduction of clone No.35 with a triploid genotype are shown. The reliable difference of test tube regenerating plants of triploid forms in the height of the shoot and in the development of root systems is proved

scholarly journals Analysis of the Aspen Growth (Populus tremula L.) Obtained by in Vitro in the Republic of Tatarstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00148
Author(s):  
Guzel Petrova ◽  
Aigul Mukhametshina ◽  
Haris Musin ◽  
Renat Gafiyatov
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Forestry Production

The paper presents the results of an experiment on the propagation of aspen clones (Populus tremula L.) of diploid and triploid genotypes resistant to pith rot by methods of microclonal reproduction and their introduction into forestry production in the Republic of Tatarstan. The expediency of using this method for obtaining healthy aspen planting material has been substantiated, and the prospects for the reproduction of clone No. 35 with a triploid genotype have been shown.

scholarly journals Selection of Restoration Material for Abies koreana Based on Its Genetic Diversity on Mt. Hallasan

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Seung-Beom Chae ◽  
Hyo-In Lim ◽  
Yong-Yul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Target Distance ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Abies Koreana ◽  
Declining Populations ◽  
The Republic

The restoration of damaged or disrupted forests with genetically appropriate restoration planting material that can adapt to future environmental conditions will ensure the conservation of forest genetic resources. Abies koreana is endemic to the Republic of Korea, with declining populations under current environmental changes. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of its largest population growing on Mt. Hallasan to determine the sampling size of planting material from the population that will ensure 95% coverage of alleles in the population. We evaluated the genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure of three subpopulations of A. koreana on Mt. Hallasan. A total of 456 samples were evaluated using 10 microsatellites. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity were 0.538 and 0.614 at the population level, respectively. The differences among the subpopulations accounted for 4% of the total variance. Intervals between individuals of the sample to be extracted were based on the two-target distance (5 and 10 m) inferred from the spatial genetic structure. Through random sampling methods considering the target distance, we showed that genetic diversity can be captured by obtaining at least 35 individuals in the population of A. koreana on Mt. Hallasan.

scholarly journals Ufa forestry-technical school, of the Ministry of Forestry of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
F. V. Sadykova ◽  
E. G. Bilalova
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Technical School ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
The Republic

In the Republic of Bashkortostan, in the greenhouse of the year-round operation of the experimental farm of the state-run vocational training school "Ufa forestry-technical school" (Limonary in Ufa city), tropical and subtropical fruit crops have been cultivated for many years. The farm constantly monitors the agrochemical, physico-chemical, biochemical indicators of soil grounds. The agrochemical characteristics of soils during the cultivation of exotic fruit crops have been studied. For fertilizing all cultivated plants of the farm, organic and mineral macro- and micronutrient fertilizers are regularly added at regular intervals. When using fertilizers, the need for nutrient elements of crops is taken into account for successful growth and fruiting by periods of growth and agrochemical data. The study presents a comparative characteristic of soil grounds for 2016 and 2018, which shows: humus content, mobile forms of P2O5 and K2O, mineral forms of nitrogen, pH (salt). The results of agrochemical surveys allow you to adjust the dose of fertilizers for the cultivation of major crops, planting material and for the formation of the crop.

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics and efficiency of application of new drugs when growing planting material of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica) in the nursery of the educational and experimental suburban forestry of the Republic of Tatarstan.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Р. Мухаметшина ◽  
Г.А. Петрова ◽  
Х.Г. Мусин ◽  
И.К. Сингатуллин ◽  
Н.Ф. Гибадуллин
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Siberian Larch ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Critical Phases ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Root Treatment

Успешность применения средств защиты растений во многом зависит от обеспеченности их элементами питания. Одним из эффективных способов является использование некорневой обработки различными препаратами, которая восполняет дефицит питательных веществ именно в критические фазы роста и развития растений. Кроме этого, препараты данной группы способствуют многократному снижению норм расхода дорогостоящих удобрений. Объектом полевого исследования являются посевы лиственницы сибирской в естественном очаге поражения шютте (возбудитель – гриб Meria Laricis Vuill.). Первые признаки болезни проявляются на двухлетних сеянцах в конце мая – начале июня. В 2019 году на территории питомника учебно-опытного Пригородного лесхоза Республики Татарстан было проведено изучение влияния фунгицидов и некорневой подкормки на сеянцы лиственницы сибирской. Опыты были заложены в посевах второго года выращивания. Обработку сеянцев фунгицидами «Ракурс, СК», «Азорро, КС» и некорневой обработки препаратами «Эмистим, Р», «Агростимул», «Интермаг» проводили двукратно в течение вегетационного периода – в первой и второй половине июля. Положительный эффект от опрыскивания двухлетних сеянцев наблюдался уже после первой обработки. Наилучший результат был выявлен в варианте с применением стимулятора роста «Эмистим, Р» на фоне фунгицида «Азорро, КС». По состоянию на 27 июня распространенность шютте в этом варианте опыта составила 18,0%, что значительно ниже (на 13,0%) значений контрольного варианта (47,0%). В целом распространенность шютте в контрольном варианте без обработки фунгицидами варьирует в пределах 37,0–47,0%. Самый высокий процент здоровых сеянцев обеспечили варианты с некорневой обработкой различными препаратами на фоне опрыскивания фунгицидами – от 90,0 до 97,0%. The success of the application of plant protection products in many respects depends on the availability of their nutrients. One of the most effective methods is the use of non-root treatment with various drugs, which makes up for the lack of nutrients in critical phases of plant growth and development. In addition, the expediency of their use is determined by a multiple reduction in the consumption rates of expensive fertilizers. The object of the field study is crops of Siberian larch in the natural lesion of Schutte (the pathogen is the fungus Meria Laricis Vuill.). The first signs of the disease appear on two-year-old seedlings in late may or early June. In 2019, the study of the effect of fungicides and non-root feeding on Siberian larch seedlings was carried out on the territory of the nursery of the educational and experimental suburban forestry of the Republic of Tatarstan. The experiments were laid in the crops of the second year of cultivation. Treatment of seedlings with fungicides «Rakurs, SK», «Zorex» and non-root treatment with the drug «Emistim, P», «Agrostimul», «Intermag» was performed twice during the growing season – in the first and second half of July. The positive effect of spraying two-year-old seedlings was observed after the first treatment. The best result was found in the application of growth stimulator «Emistim» against the background of the fungicide «azorro, CS». As of June 27, the prevalence of «Schutte» in this variant of the experiment was 18.0%, which is significantly lower (by 13,0%) than the values of the control variant (47.0%). In General, the prevalence of Schutte in the control version without treatment with fungicides varies between 37.0-47.0%. The highest percentage of healthy seedlings was provided by options with non-root treatment with various drugs on the background of spraying with fungicides-from 90.0 to 97.0%.

SYSTEMS OF NURSERY MANAGEMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
S. Zh. Kazybayeva ◽  
M. V. Urazaнeva ◽  
A. A. Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Stability ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Nursery Management ◽  
Li Bai ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Quality Categories ◽  
Northern Tien Shan

The article outlines the ways for the development of horticulture in the Republic of Kazakhstan, provides data on the study of apple, pear, cherry and plum rootstocks. The results of many years of research in order to optimize scion-rootstock combinations suitable for setting up intensive plantings are analyzed. The original plants isolated as a result of such observations should be propagated without disturbing productivity and genetic stability, and mother planting and field repositories should be established with the resulting planting material of the highest quality categories. To obtain basic seedlings, it is necessary, first of all, to use seedlings of the Sievers apple tree (Malus siversi) and the Niedzwetzky apple tree (Malus niedzwetzkyana), growing in the forests of the northern Tien Shan, and for the pear, seedlings of low-growing rootstocks of the East Asian group: Xiang Li, Tszy Li, Yue li, Bai li, Chang bai li, because the seeds of pome crops are free from harmful viruses. Before harvesting stone fruit seeds, it is necessary to test trees, since a harmful viral infection is transmitted with pollen.

scholarly journals Features of regeneration and growth of stem cuttings of decorative forms of the genus Juniperus L., promising for green construction in Belarus

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
H. F. Kelko ◽  
U. I. Torchyk ◽  
G. A. Kholopuk
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Gold Coast ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Urban Gardening ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
The Republic

Modern urbanization processes lead to the need to introduce new approaches to urban gardening in the practice of green building, which in turn requires the renewal and expansion of the range of ornamental plants that are used, characterized by their compactness and high resistance to environmental factors. An important role in this is given to plant introduction, designed at the first stage to assess the prospects of introductions and draw conclusions about the advisability of their further use in gardening. This article presents the results of primary introductory tests of 10 cultivars of 4 species of the genus Juniperus L., conducted in 2008–2018. It is established that the cultivars studied are characterized by a stable rhythm of shoot growth, which begins in late April and ends in the first half of September, which ensures the success of their wintering in the open ground. The evaluation of the regenerative capacity of stem cuttings made it possible to identify among the objects as hard-to-root forms (J. horizontalis ‘Emerald Spreader’ and ‘Monber’, J. sabina ‘Tam No Blight’ and J. chinensis ‘Gold Coast’) and medium- (J. horizontalis ‘Prince of Wales’, ‘Limeglow’ and ‘Glacier’, J. conferta ‘Shlager’) and easily rooted (J. horizontalis ‘Winter Blue’ and ‘Yukon Belle’). Satisfactory ability of stem cuttings to root formation allows to organize the production of planting material on the territory of the republic.

scholarly journals Biological potential of the Carmen apple variety in the South of Dagestan

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
R. A. Shakhmirzoev ◽  
M-R. A. Kaziev
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
The South ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Dwarf Rootstocks

The article provides a pomological estimation of the Carmen apple variety cultivated in the southeastern foothill sub-province of Dagestan. The purpose of the research is to study the biological potential of the variety and to reveal the best in productivity apple scion/stock combinations that combine high adaptive capabilities for constructing intensive-type orchards in the commercial horticultural zone. The establishment of such orchards is associated with high material costs; therefore, improving the technology plays a crucial role. Especially important is the selection of scion/stock combinations in the production of apple planting material, which in the intensive horticulture should be characterized by precocity, stable productivity, high fruit quality and environmental sustainability. In Dagestan, fruit zones are sharply heterogeneous in terms of soil and climate conditions, which prevents the unification of the technology of intensive apple plantations. The most promising for the development of commercial horticulture is the South-Eastern foothill sub-province. Among the unfavorable environmental factors that negatively affect the vital activity of fruit crops in Dagestan, the first place is occupied by recurrent cold in spring and early frosts in autumn. In accordance with the Program of scientific research of the Federal Agrarian Scientific Center of the Republic of Dagestan, it is planned to study the influence of different stocks – dwarf M9, SK7 and medium-tall SK2, MM106 on the productivity of the Carmen variety. Based on the research results, biometric parameters of tree growth in a young orchard were studied depending on the design of the plantings. It is noted that at the three-year-old, the condition of the trees estimated on a 5-point scale is good. The height of the trees, depending on the stock, reached an average of 1.9 to 2.6 m. On dwarf rootstocks M9 and SK7, the diameter of the tree stem in the Carmen variety was 3.0-3.3 cm; on stocks SK2 and MM106, respectively 3.6-4.0 cm. The most prominent growth activity of trees of various scion/stock combinations reflects the total length of shoots. The smallest shoot length was observed in stands with dwarf rootstocks M-9 and SK-7, the largest – on medium-sized rootstocks MM-106. The largest number of fruit formations was on the dwarf rootstock SK7 (24.7 PCs.), with a planting scheme of 3.0×1.5 m; per square meter of food area, the number of fruit formations was 4.3-5.4 PCs./m2, and on stocks SK-2 and MM-106 with a planting scheme of 5.0×2.0 m their number was 2.1-2.2 PCs./m2.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Karyological Analysis of a Rampant Aspen Populus tremula L. (Salicaceae) Clone

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Politov ◽  
Yuri S. Belokon ◽  
Anna V. Shatokhina ◽  
Maryana M. Belokon ◽  
Nail A. Khanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Populus Tremula ◽  
Dna Identification ◽  
Model Trees ◽  
Karyological Analysis ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Maternal Tree ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Root Suckers

A rampant highly heterozygous aspen (Populus tremula L.) clone “Meshabash” has been revealed in course of population genetic diversity analysis in a native stand in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. Here we report the results of karyological analysis showing that this highly vigorous clone is diploid (2n=38) while typically triploid aspen demonstrates increased growth rate and resistance to aspen trunk rot caused by fungus Phellinus tremulae. By means of DNA identification of a series of model trees using 14 SSR loci we outlined the area occupied by this clone (at least 1.94 ha) and demonstrated that its ramets constitute 40 out of 48 genotyped trunks on the plot with the maximal distance between ramets 254 m. Since aspen is able to regenerate after cutting or die-off of maternal tree by root suckers at a distance up to 20–35 m this assumed that current stand appeared as a result of such spreading from an ortet tree during at least 5 generations. Trunk rot damage in the wood of model trees indicated low influence of this pathogen on viability and performance of the studied clone that can be associated with its extreme heterozygosity level (0.926) exceeding all the studied trees in this research plot and in three other control samples.

scholarly journals Agrobiological Assessment of Varieties and Some Methods of Growing Garlic in the Forest-steppe Zone of the Republic of Ingushetia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
B B Galaev ◽  
M A Bazgiev ◽  
K Sh Badurgova ◽  
I A Gutseriev ◽  
M Kh Gandarov
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
The North ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
The Republic

Increasing production and improving the quality of garlic products is an important production problem. Under the conditions of the vertical zonality of the North Caucasus with varying agroecological conditions, the yield of this crop largely depends on the technology of cultivation and the level of its intensity. Important factors determining the yield and quality of garlic products are varieties adapted to these agro-climatic conditions, quality planting material, cultivation technology that meets the requirements of the crop and the agro-climatic conditions of the region. Currently, the potential productivity of the varieties used in the republic is realized only by 30-40 percent. This is due to the insufficient development of technologies for their cultivation, taking into account the specific environmental conditions of the region. In this regard, research aimed at studying the basic laws of the formation of yield and product quality varieties of garlic is a pressing issue.

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