scholarly journals Sustainable Materials Used as Lightweight Aggregate :(An Overview)

2022 ◽  
Vol 961 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
Abdulrasool Thamer Abdulrasool ◽  
Safaa S. Mohammed ◽  
Noor R. Kadhim ◽  
Wail Asim Mohammad Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Standard Construction ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Lower Bulk Density

Abstract Lightweight aggregates (LWA) are building materials with a lower bulk density than standard construction aggregates. In recent years, the contribution of industry to the circular economy has become a serious concern. Among these, the mining sector is confronted with significant problems relating to the management of a huge quantity of generated waste. The major contemporary task is to address a number of interconnected challenges, including waste management and recycling, conservation of scarce natural resources, reduction of energy use, and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Natural aggregates are consumed by the construction materials industry in the range of 8 to 12 billion tons per year. According to reports, the construction materials sector consumes the most energy and scarce natural resources (rocks, aggregates, and water) while also emitting greenhouse gases. In general, using waste material as lightweight aggregate decreases the concrete’s overall weight. The materials used as lightweight aggregate in concrete are discussed in this study. According to research, utilizing trash as a lightweight aggregate not only improves the characteristics of concrete but also gives a sustainable approach to minimize global waste.

scholarly journals Mortars with Recycled Aggregates from Building-Related Processes: A ‘Four-Step’ Methodological Proposal for a Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2756
Author(s):  
Federica Vitale ◽  
Maurizio Nicolella
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
By Products

Because the production of aggregates for mortar and concrete is no longer sustainable, many attempts have been made to replace natural aggregates (NA) with recycled aggregates (RA) sourced from factories, recycling centers, and human activities such as construction and demolition works (C&D). This article reviews papers concerning mortars with fine RA from C&D debris, and from the by-products of the manufacturing and recycling processes of building materials. A four-step methodology based on searching, screening, clustering, and summarizing was proposed. The clustering variables were the type of aggregate, mix design parameters, tested properties, patents, and availability on the market. The number and the type of the clustering variables of each paper were analysed and compared. The results showed that the mortars were mainly characterized through their physical and mechanical properties, whereas few durability and thermal analyses were carried out. Moreover, few fine RA were sourced from the production waste of construction materials. Finally, there were no patents or products available on the market. The outcomes presented in this paper underlined the research trends that are useful to improve the knowledge on the suitability of fine RA from building-related processes in mortars.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of earth-based construction materials to fungal proliferation: laboratory and in situ assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 140-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Simons ◽  
Alexandra Bertron ◽  
Christophe Roux ◽  
Aurélie Laborel-Préneron ◽  
Jean-Emmanuel Aubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Microbial Density ◽  
Microbial Proliferation ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Ecological Construction ◽  
The Impact

The impact of building materials on the environment and the health of occupants is nowadays a priority issue. Ecological construction materials such as earthen materials are currently experiencing a regain of interest due to both ecological and economic factors. The microbial proliferation on indoor materials can induce a deterioration of the building air quality and lead to an increase of health risks for the occupants. The issue of indoor air quality raises questions about the use of earthen building materials and their possible susceptibility to fungal development. The microflora of earthen materials and their ability to grow on such support are indeed poorly studied. This study focused on the quantification of both bacterial and fungal microflora along the manufacturing process. The impact of extreme humidity, simulating a hydric accident, on microflora development was analyzed on the surface and inside earthen bricks. The initial microflora of these materials was dramatically reduced during the manufacturing process, especially after heat treatment for drying. Proliferation of remaining microorganisms was only observed under high humidity condition, in particular for earthen materials with vegetal aggregates. Moreover, in situ samplings were performed on naturally dried earthen materials used in buildings. The characterization of the microbial density revealed a higher microbial density than on manufactured specimens, while microbial concentration and detected taxa seemed mainly related to the room use and building history. These results provide a better understanding of microbial proliferation on these materials.

scholarly journals PENYULUHAN DAN PERCONTOHAN PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH PLASTIK UNTUK MATERIAL BAHAN BANGUNAN DI LINGKUNGAN RPTRA, JAKARTA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Kurniawati ◽  
Lisa Oksri Nelfia ◽  
Ade Okvianti Irlan ◽  
Indrawati Sumeru
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Processing ◽  
Public Road ◽  
House Construction ◽  
The People ◽  
Natural Aggregates

Construction is growing rapidly nowadays. Buildings, housing, industry/business centers and highways will require natural aggregates which are natural resources that cannot be renewed. Therefore, we need replacement materials able to replace these natural aggregate. The large amount of plastic waste in fields, based on existing data, causes environmental pollution through it can be reused and useful for building and road construction. Most of communities don’t even know the plastic waste processing technology that allow their use in the construction of house construction such as floors, walls, roofs, and hinges and also road construction with not heavy road loads. The purpose of this activity is to provide the knowledge to the people of RPTRA related to technology for the use of plastic waste for building materials and also road construction in the area in the RPTRA environment considering it is not a public road and hence, with not heavy vehicle. The method used is firstly observation and interview of several houses visited. Then activities about using different types of plastic waste as construction materials. Finally, evaluation of the progress of the project by conducting a survey to people who had met the criteria of being a member of the plastic waste program. The success of this program will be the people’s understanding and a significate growing of any highvalue plastic use as construction material. The benefit of this community service is to increase the knowledge and insight of the people of RPTRA, South Meruya, and West Jakarta City, related to environmentally friendly technologies such as plastic waste processing.

Study of Density and Modulus of Elasticity of Lightweight Concrete with Brazilian Aggregate

2013 ◽  
Vol 467 ◽  
pp. 257-261
Author(s):  
Andressa Fernanda Angelin ◽  
Lubienska Cristina L.J. Ribeiro ◽  
Marta Siviero Guilherme Pires ◽  
Rosa Cristina Cecche Lintz ◽  
Leandro Mouta Trautwein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Concrete Production

Concrete is one of the oldest building materials and applying known to humankind. From 1800s, with the advent of Portland cement concrete has taken a prominent place among the construction materials due to large values of strength, durability and versatility it offered compared to other products, allowing the molding of the various architectural forms. Until the early 80s, the modern concrete remained only as a mixture of cement, aggregates and water, however, in recent decades, due to the development of new techniques and products, the concrete has been undergoing constant changes [. This article discusses the application of technology of lightweight aggregates for concrete production, for use in building elements such as structural panels or fence. Developed an experimental program for the analysis of concrete, with the primary objective to characterize the properties of the parts in the hardened state. The results showed that the lightweight aggregate concrete with Brazilian expanded clay are extremely suitable for the production of prefabricated elements slender, mainly due to the reduction in density and excellent performance in mechanical properties, especially modulus of elasticity, despite the low toughness of lightweight aggregate.

scholarly journals Strength, sustainability and affordability of bamboo and mud bricks as materials used in local construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leopold Mbereyaho ◽  
Jean de Dieu Mutabaruka ◽  
Abaho G. Gershome ◽  
Armel Ineza ◽  
Ezra Ngirabatware
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Mud Bricks ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Sisal Fibers

The construction industry is one of the rapidly growing and the cost analysis suggests that the materials cost is constantly increasing. The continuous extraction of aggregates intensively used in the field is negatively acting to the environment. Therefore research in construction materials should focus not only on discovering new alternative materials but also in appreciating the quality of those locally available for their better application. This research aimed at evaluating the performance of bamboo and mud bricks as two available local building materials, especially with regards not only to their strength but also to new performance concepts which are affordability, energy efficiency and environment friendly aspects. The study comprised mainly of laboratory tests of used materials and cost estimation analysis. Study results established that the considered bamboo and mud bricks, made in ordinary soils and reinforced by sisal fibers were reusable, environment friendly materials and energy efficient, with the bamboo showing the thermal conductivity equal to 0.1496 W/mK. Regarding the compressive strength, reinforced mud bricks with sisal fibers showed an increased value from 1.75 MPA to 4.29MPA, what was in line with related previous studies. The average compressive strength of the studied Arundinaria Alpine bamboo was established at 133,7MPA, while its tensile strength was 88.16MPA and these values were reasonable with comparison to other conventional materials. It is recommended that further research in checking the performance of other types of bamboo as well as about new construction technologies be undertaken in order to enhance the service life of both bamboo and mud bricks.Keywords: Affordability, Bamboo, Conventional concrete, Materials strength, Mud reinforced bricks, Sustainability

scholarly journals Material Ramah Lingkungan untuk Interior Rumah Tinggal

Humaniora ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dila Hendrassukma
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Ozone Layer ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Right

Housing is one of the biggest contributors in polluting the ozone layer and consuming the natural resources in making one. Home interior takes part in the over-produced material used for covering the interior elements, such as floor, wall, ceiling, and furniture. The article conducting is to study the green aspect of building materials to find alternative material to beautify the house that is not harming the earth. The result is options of eco material to be used in the making of greener home interior. It is materials that can be renewed, recycled, and low in embodied energy. Materials used in home interior have impact to the natures. Thus, awareness in choosing the right material to decorate the house is very important. 

scholarly journals Progress of Building Materials and Foundation Engineering in Ancient Iraq

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 220-241
Author(s):  
Al Taie Entidhar ◽  
Al Ansari Nadhir ◽  
Sven Knutsson
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Foundation Engineering ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Ancient Mesopotamia ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Engineering Practices

Humans realised the importance of housing since the dawn of history. The first man used the caves as shelter. When agricultural activities dominated the life style of humans, villages started to be constructed. Later these were developed into cities. The dawn of civilization started in Iraq. The inhabitants in that time used the available natural materials in their construction. Reviewing the progress of engineering practices of ancient Iraq, reveals the facts that the inhabitants were aware of the principles of construction and engineering. The materials used and the design of the buildings were very suitable from both environmental and engineering perspectives. This work is a critical review of the progress and development of engineering practices and construction materials used in ancient Mesopotamia

scholarly journals Evaluation of Building Materials Based on Sustainable Development Indicators

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Mona Baglou ◽  
Parviz Ghoddousi ◽  
Mohsen Saeedi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Concrete Block ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Sustainable Development Indicators ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
The Impact

Construction industry regarded as one of the key aspects of achieving the goals of sustainable development in communities. In this regard, the choice of building materials is one of the key challenges in order to improve project performance with respect to sustainable development indicators and the use of sustainable materials, is an effective step towards achieving sustainable construction. This research uses information and evidence, interview and questionnaire prepared (by five points Likert scale method). Also, it has provided expert opinions related indicators widely used in a construction materials, manufacturing process and defining the impact of the production of these materials on sustainable development deals. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires were also performed (with Cronbach's alpha method). As a result of this research, Cement was identified as the most unsustainable material, after that Steel and then Brick and Glass were located with a wide margin. So Light concrete block, Gypsum, Stone, Lime, and Concrete were identified as the most sustainable materials according to existing indicators respectively. The consequences of this study can help the project executors in order to promote the use of sustainable building materials in construction and also industries will be aware of the impact of the sustainability indicators on their products.

scholarly journals Micropalaeontology reveals the source of building materials for a defensive earthwork (English Civil War?) at Wallingford Castle, Oxfordshire

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian P. Wilkinson ◽  
Alison Tasker ◽  
Anthony Gouldwell ◽  
Mark Williams ◽  
Matt Edgeworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
English Civil War ◽  
The West ◽  
Road Base ◽  
River Thames ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract. Microfossils recovered from sediment used to construct a putative English Civil War defensive bastion at Wallingford Castle, south Oxfordshire, provide a biostratigraphical age of Cretaceous (earliest Cenomanian) basal M. mantelli Biozone. The rock used in the buttress – which may have housed a gun emplacement – can thus be tracked to the Glauconitic Marl Member, base of the West Melbury Marly Chalk Formation. A supply of this rock is available on the castle site or to the east of the River Thames near Crowmarsh Gifford. Microfossils provide a unique means to provenance construction materials used at the Wallingford site. While serendipity may have been the chief cause for use of the Glauconitic Marl, when compacted, it forms a strong, almost ‘road base’-like foundation that was clearly of use for constructing defensive works. Indeed, use of the Glauconitic Marl was widespread in the area for agricultural purposes and its properties may have been well-known locally.

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