scholarly journals Optimisation of Polymer Addition Using the Plackett-Burman Experiment Plan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022003
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Mazurek ◽  
Marcin Podsiadło
Keyword(s):  
Softening Point ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Mixing Speed ◽  
Modification Process ◽  
Waste Polymer ◽  
Bitumen Modification

Abstract At the present time, the utilization of waste polymer materials belongs to one of the most important challenges where global economies have to tackle. This article concerned the modification of petroleum road bitumen with waste polymer. The bitumen modification process with the use of polymeric materials was carried out considering a number of other quantitative factors, such as: mixing time, mixing speed, bitumen temperature and qualitative factors such as: waste polymer content, type of grain size, type of neat bitumen and type of waste polymer. Two kinds of waste polymers (PET, PP) were used in the research, which served as a modifier. Two petroleum bitumens were used: 20/30 (hard) and 70/100 (soft). Based on the divalent Plackett-Burman experiment plan, the number of variables and the number of combinations of mixtures were determined, which were required to determine the final response surface model. The following features were tested as the output variables: penetration, softening point, Fraass breaking point, dynamic viscosity 60oC, 90oC, 135oC, deformation energy and maximum elongation. The use of the experimental design methodology allowed to identify the factors that had the greatest impact on the bitumen modification process. The assessment of the significance of the parameters also allowed to identify a significant model allowing to find the optimal bitumen and waste polymer composition. Based on the test results, it was shown that the consistency of the modified bitumen was influenced by the type of bitumen, its amount, mixing speed and mixing time. With regard to the softening point, the type of polymer was also an important factor. Ultimately, the optimization process allowed for the determination of such a combination of both qualitative and quantitative input factors, which resulted in bitumen showing higher utility than input 20/30 and 70/100 bitumens. Moreover, it was found that the increase in mixing time did not result in an excessive increase in bitumen stiffness caused by the mixing process. Thus, the low-temperature properties left unchanged significantly

scholarly journals Structure and Properties of Heterocomposite Polymeric Materials and Coatings from them Obtained by Heliotechnological Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3S) ◽  
pp. 399-402
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Polymer Coatings ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Polymer Composition ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Hydroabrasive Wear ◽  
Composite Casting

The paper presents the results of the study of the creation of new hetero-composite casting polymer materials and coatings from them. The effect of ambient temperature on microhardness and impact strength of polymer coatings is studied. It has been found that treatment of the polymer composition with solar radiation is an effective way of controlling the curing reaction, saving energy in the preparation of high viscosity epoxy compositions, which is important for their practical implementation in the industry for process equipment and products operating under conditions of corrosive hydroabrasive wear.

scholarly journals Recycled Polymer Materials as Aggregates for Concrete and Blocks

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Md Akhtarul Islam ◽  
Mainuddin Ahmed ◽  
Md Abdus Salam
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Floating Structures ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Waste Polymer ◽  
Recycled Waste ◽  
Recycled Polymer

The potential of recycled waste polymeric materials as a substitute for aggregates in concrete has been investigated in the study. Two different types of waste polymer, namely polyurethane formaldehyde (PUF) based packaging waste and high density polyethylene (HDPE) were recycled and used in the experiment. Concrete and masonry poly block specimens were prepared using recycled polymer materials, and test specimens were characterized. The effects of waste polymer materials on the mechanical, physical and morphological properties of concrete and poly blocks have been investigated. The result shows that the inclusion of waste polymer materials decreases density, porosity and water absorption of concrete and poly blocks significantly. Polyurethane formaldehyde (PUF) based block exhibited lower density than that of HDPE-based concrete. Due to exceptionally low density, recycled polymer modified blocks and concrete can be used in non-load bearing structures, floating structures and where light weight materials recommended. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jce.v27i1.15859 Journal of Chemical Engineering, IEB Vol. ChE. 27, No. 1, June 2012: 53-57

Possibilities of using biodegradable polymeric materials in the agricultural sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Raisa A. Alekhina ◽  
Victoriya E. Slavkina ◽  
Yuliya A. Lopatina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Biodegradable Polymers ◽  
Biodegradable Polymer ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Biodegradable Materials ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

The article presents options for recycling polymers. The use of biodegradable materials is promising. This is a special class of polymers that can decompose under aerobic or anaerobic conditions under the action of microorganisms or enzymes forming natural products such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water, biomass, and inorganic salts. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in reviewing biodegradable materials that can be used for the manufacture of products used in agriculture. (Materials and methods) The study are based on open information sources containing information about biodegradable materials. Research methods are collecting, studying and comparative analysis of information. (Results and discussion) The article presents the advantages and disadvantages of biodegradable materials, mechanical properties of the main groups of biodegradable polymers. The article provides a summary list of agricultural products that can be made from biodegradable polymer materials. It was found that products from the general group are widely used in agriculture. Authors have found that products from a special group can only be made from biodegradable polymers with a controlled decomposition period in the soil, their use contributes to increasing the productivity of crops. (Conclusions) It was found that biodegradable polymer materials, along with environmental safety, have mechanical properties that allow them producing products that do not carry significant loads during operation. We have shown that the creation of responsible products (machine parts) from biodegradable polymers requires an increase in their strength properties, which is achievable by creating composites based on them. It was found that the technological complexity of their manufacture and high cost are the limiting factors for the widespread use of biodegradable polymers at this stage.

LA-ICP-MS analysis of waste polymer materials

2010 ◽  
Vol 398 (1) ◽  
pp. 415-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Stehrer ◽  
J. Heitz ◽  
J. D. Pedarnig ◽  
N. Huber ◽  
B. Aeschlimann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Waste Polymer

Light-Driven Integration of Graphitic Carbon Nitride into Polymer Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Cansu Esen ◽  
Baris Kumru
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Present Contribution

As a metal-free polymeric semiconductor with an absorption in the visible range, carbon nitride has numerous advantages for photo-based applications spanning hydrogen evolution, CO2 reduction, ion transport, organic synthesis and organic dye degradation. The combination of g-C3N4 and polymer networks grants mutual benefit for both platforms, as networks are upgraded with photoactivity or formed by photoinitiation, and g-C3N4 is integrated into novel applications. In the present contribution, some of the recently published projects regarding g-C3N4 and polymeric materials will be highlighted. In the first study, organodispersible g-C3N4 were incorporated into a highly commercialized porous resin called poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) through suspension photopolymerization, and performances of resulting beads were investigated as recyclable photocatalysts. In the other study, g-C3N4 nanosheets were embedded in porous hydrogel networks, and so-formed hydrogels with photoactivity were transformed either into a ‘hydrophobic hydrogel’ or pore-patched materials via secondary network introduction, where both processes were accomplished via visible light. Since g-C3N4 is an organic semiconductor exhibiting sufficient charge separation under visible light illumination, a novel method for the oxidative photopolymerization of EDOT was successfully accomplished. As a result of the absence of dissolved anions during polymerization, so-formed neutral PEDOT is a highly viscous liquid that can be processed and post-doped easily, and grants facile coating processes.

scholarly journals SOME EFFECTS OF THE SVM GENERATOR ON MELTS OF METALS AND POLYMER MATERIALS

Metaphysics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
V. F Panov ◽  
A. E Boyarshinov ◽  
A. V Klyuev ◽  
S. A Kurapov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Material Processing ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymer Materials

The paper presents the latest results of the effect of SVM generators on melts of metals and polymeric materials, as well as the effect on metals during heat treatment. Shown is a block diagram of an installation for SVM material processing. Made an attempt to theoretically substantiate the use of SVM generators in metallurgy based on relational physics, quantum theory, and real relativity.

scholarly journals The Reducing Approaches of Scattering Losses in Polymer Planar Optical Waveguides

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
T. Radzievskaya ◽  
N. Ivanov ◽  
S. Tarasov
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
High Speed Data ◽  
Scattering Losses ◽  
Planar Optical Waveguides

The article presents the development prospects of planar optical waveguides for high-speed data transmission systems optoelectronic buses by polymer materials. The advantages and disadvantages of using non-specialized polymeric materials for general use are revealed. The polymer planar optical waveguides fabrication technologies are proposed. The main losses types in planar optical waveguides, the reasons for their occurrence, as well as approaches to their reduction are determined. Using the example of PDMS polymer and soft lithography technology, the technological process critical stages of polymer planar optical waveguides production are noted, which contribute to an scattering losses increase. For each stage, algorithms are proposed to prevent an scattering losses increase. These algorithms were implemented in practice in the manufacture of layouts of polymer planar optical waveguides of the optical-electronic data transmission bus.

scholarly journals Recent Applications of Advanced Atomic Force Microscopy in Polymer Science: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuong Nguyen-Tri ◽  
Payman Ghassemi ◽  
Pascal Carriere ◽  
Sonil Nanda ◽  
Aymen Amine Assadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Nanoscale Characterization

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been extensively used for the nanoscale characterization of polymeric materials. The coupling of AFM with infrared spectroscope (AFM-IR) provides another advantage to the chemical analyses and thus helps to shed light upon the study of polymers. This paper reviews some recent progress in the application of AFM and AFM-IR in polymer science. We describe the principle of AFM-IR and the recent improvements to enhance its resolution. We also discuss the latest progress in the use of AFM-IR as a super-resolution correlated scanned-probe infrared spectroscopy for the chemical characterization of polymer materials dealing with polymer composites, polymer blends, multilayers, and biopolymers. To highlight the advantages of AFM-IR, we report several results in studying the crystallization of both miscible and immiscible blends as well as polymer aging. Finally, we demonstrate how this novel technique can be used to determine phase separation, spherulitic structure, and crystallization mechanisms at nanoscales, which has never been achieved before. The review also discusses future trends in the use of AFM-IR in polymer materials, especially in polymer thin film investigation.

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