scholarly journals Influence of fly ash addition on physical-mechanical properties of clay bricks – literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1209 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
I Vrdoljak
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
The Past ◽  
By Products

Abstract During the past years, due to the increase in the number of people and the increasing degree of industrialization, the amount of by-products produced, the so-called waste materials are becoming larger. As this problem grows with age, attempts are being made to find answers to the questions of how to use waste material purposefully in order to reduce the problem of disposing of large quantities of this type of material. One way to reduce the accumulation of waste material is to use it in construction materials. This literature review paper presents the research of the area dealing with the influence of fly ash application on properties of clay brick. The application of fly ash at various percentages in relation to the mass of clay and the influence of fly ash at different firing temperatures are studied.

scholarly journals Utilization of Waste Materials for the Strengthening of Pavement Subgrade-A Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S2) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Weak Soil ◽  
Agriculture Waste ◽  
Long Period

From a long period in road construction soil is used as subgrade, sub-base, and base material. While constructing a road in the weak soil areas or subgrade has poor strength, in such cases the improvement of soil is necessary. The improvement of the soil is thru by swapping by the stronger soil or stabilization with the waste material. Dispose of these waste materials is essential as these are causing hazardous effects on the environment. With the same intention, the literature review is undertaken on the utilization of waste materials for the stabilization of soils and their performance is discussed. The waste material is one of the best solutions to the improvement of submerged properties in an economical manner. This review paper presents a brief exposure to the stabilization of soil with waste material like agriculture waste, constructional waste, and industrial waste materials.

Shrinkage of Blended Cement Pastes with Mineral Additions

2013 ◽  
Vol 539 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
Wu Yao ◽  
Dan Jin
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
Mercury Intrusion ◽  
Mineral Additions ◽  
By Products

Mineral additions such as fly ash and silica fume are industrial by products, and play an important role in properties improvement for construction materials. In this work, the shrinkage of cement paste blended with fly ash and silica fume by different substitute ratio was studied. Pore structures of specimens at different ages were determined by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and shrinkage deformation was measured by standard shrinkage tests. The effects of mineral addtions on shrinkage were discussed. The results show that the fly ash was significantly effective on shrinkage at early ages. Based on the research, several suitable advices were offered to optimize the performances of materials and reduce the shrinkage.

A Review of the Utilisation of Recycled Waste Material as an Alternative Modifier in Asphalt Mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 42-60
Author(s):  
Abdalrhman Abrahim Milad ◽  
Ahmed Suliman B. Ali ◽  
Nur Izzi Md Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
The Road

The possibility of using waste materials in road construction is of great interest as their utilisation may contribute to reducing the problems of hazard and pollution and conserve natural resources. Thus, there is an urgent need to find a sustainable method for using waste materials as a substitute in the standard asphalt binders. There are several concerns about the physical and chemical properties and mechanical performance of asphalt pavements incorporated with waste material in the effort to reduce permanent deformation of the road surface. This review article presents a brief discussion of the asphalt mixtures modified with waste material, and the recycled materials used as a modifier in the asphalt mixture. The present paper summarises the use of crumb rubber, crushed concrete, steel slag, glass fibre and plastic waste in asphalt mixtures. The use of waste materials as a modifier in asphalt mixture resulted in improved asphalt pavement performance. Results advocate that rubberised asphalt mixture with desired properties can be designed as an additive with a friendly environmental approach in construction materials. The researches that adopted the influence of usage, recycle waste material to improve the performance of the asphalt of the road are still limited compared to other construction fields. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-SP(EMCE)-05 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals The Evolution and Models of Corporate Social Responsibility

2019 ◽  
pp. 1885-1892
Author(s):  
Prof. J. C. Visagie ◽  
Dr. V. Sibanda ◽  
Dr. R. Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
The Past ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Conceptual Evolution ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose: Consequently, the purpose of this review paper is to trace the historical and conceptual evolution of CSR. Design: Literature review Findings: Company must respond to meet demand in order to be more reputable and remain profitable. Contesting views have given birth to a myriad of theories on CSR over the past decades as a clear testimony that the concept of CSR is dynamic and continues to evolve. Practical implications: This paper traces the key milestones in the evolution of CSR from the earliest debates between Dodd and Berle in the 1930s followed by arguments on CSR by Friedman in the 1970s up to the current theories Social implications: Trends have moved from corporate social responsibility (CSR) programmes, to sustainable development, to sustainability, to social responsibility Original value: Since the 1950s, many scholars have been researching CSR from different points of view. In order to understand CSR’s impact on organisation behavior, it is necessary to comprehend its progression.

The removal of As(V) ions by lime-modified fly ash and reuse of the exhausted adsorbent as an additive for construction material

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Karanac ◽  
Maja Đolić ◽  
Vladimir Pavićević ◽  
Aleksandar Marinković
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products ◽  
Modified Fly Ash

<p>Coal thermal power plants (TPP) actively generate numerous solid combustion by-products, including fly ash and bottom ash. These TPP by-products have already found use in a variety of civil engineering applications, such as a substitute for sand and gravel in structures, as well as a binding component in certain types of cement (generally, concrete and masonry). Furthermore, such by-products have become a subject of increasing interest in environmental engineering as a low-cost and effective adsorbent for the removal of organic pollutants and heavy metals from wastewaters.</p><p>In order to minimize the impact of material cost, novel solutions for the development of a high capacity and long-term adsorbent have provided a high performance adsorbent for practical applications. This study is focused on the use of modified fly ash (MFA) activated by lime (Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>) as an effective and low-cost adsorbent for the removal of As(V) ions. The adsorption capacity of the MFA adsorbent was found to be 35.40 mg g<sup>-1</sup>, while the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters indicated a spontaneous and endothermic process. Due to the low desorption potential of the exhausted adsorbent (MFA/As(V), their effective further material reuse was established to be feasible. The reuse of the exhausted adsorbent was obtained through pozzolanic MFA particles and Ca(OH)<sub>2, </sub>thereby formulating a construction material of a cementitious calcium-silicate hydrate. The toxicity leaching test (TCLP) and mechanical properties of the new construction material containing exhausted MFA (CM-MFA/As(V)) confirm its safe use in the laboratory as well as its semi-industrial application.</p><p>The specific objectives of this study have been: (i) to improve the adsorption performance of the MFA; (ii) to evaluate the material’s equilibrium, as well as the process’ kinetic and thermodynamic aspects, including  estimating its limiting step; and (iii) to investigate the possible reuse of the exhausted adsorbent in the production of construction materials. The kinetic data were successfully fitted by a pseudo-second-order equation and the Weber-Morris model. The metal-desorption experiments performed on the exhausted FA and MFA indicate a low recovery of the selected pollutants.</p><p>The major outcome of this study, indicates that double-valorization of fly ash opens new directions for waste management toward reuse in effective practical applications; i.e., for actual water –purification systems, as well as in the production of construction material.</p>

Fundamentals of Geopolymers and Related Alkali Activated Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 144-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Temuujin ◽  
A. Minjigmaa ◽  
U. Bayarzul ◽  
Ts. Zolzaya ◽  
B. Davaabal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Materials Chemistry ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Pond Ash ◽  
Sustainable Usage ◽  
By Products ◽  
Alkali Activated

With the increasing rate of depletion of natural raw materials for production of building materials, their sustainable usage is clearly an important topic for consideration. For instance, 1 tonne ordinary Portland cement (OPC) requires 1.7 tonnes of raw materials, 1.0 tonne of coal and 100 kWh of electricity. One tonne of cement emits 0.8 - 1 tonne of CO2 into atmosphere globally contributing ~5% of total manmade carbon dioxide. Therefore, the development of new, sustainable, low carbon footprint construction materials is an important task for materials scientists and civil engineers. One type of binder that is attracting particular attention around the world is alkali-aluminosilicate chemistry based material the so-called geopolymers. In this presentation we will discuss the fundamentals of geopolymer chemistry and the similarities to and differences from conventional alkali activated materials chemistry. Particular attention will be given to our latest results on the preparation of geopolymer type paste and concrete from fly ash. Mechanical activation of fly ash caused a decrease in porosity with a partial amorphisation of the crystalline constituents. Geopolymer type paste prepared from 30 minute milled Darkhan pond ash showed increase in 7 day compressive strengths by 7 times reaching of 15.4 (4.6) MPa. Keywords: Geopolymer binder, alkali-activated materials, coal combustion by products

scholarly journals Mixture Optimization of Concrete Paving Blocks Containing Waste Silt

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Abbas Solouki ◽  
Piergiorgio Tataranni ◽  
Cesare Sangiorgi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Washing Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Tensile Splitting Strength ◽  
By Products

Most of the waste materials recycled for the production of new construction materials are by-products of various manufacturing processes, such as the aggregate washing process. Recycling such materials is of paramount importance since it could reduce the adverse environmental impacts resulting from landfilling. Various studies have attempted to recycle different types of waste materials and by-products into concrete paving blocks. However, the availability of literature on concrete paving blocks containing waste silt is quite scarce. Thus, the current paper focuses on mix design optimization and production of concrete paving blocks containing high amounts of waste silt resulting from the aggregate production process. Using the mixture Design of Experiments (DOE), 12 sets of concrete paving blocks with different aggregate blends were produced to optimize the mix design. Once the final mix design was achieved, the physical and mechanical properties of the concrete paving blocks were investigated following the EN 1338 standard. Shape and dimension measurements and various tests, including water absorption, tensile splitting strength, abrasion resistance, and slip/skid resistance were conducted on the experimental concrete paving samples. Overall, the produced concrete paving blocks showed promising properties for future applications in pedestrian walking paths.

A Review on Fly Ash as a Raw Cementitious Material for Geopolymer Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1661-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aissa Bouaissi ◽  
Long Yuan Li ◽  
Ligia Mihaela Moga ◽  
Ioan Gabriel Sandu ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
By Products ◽  
Made In

This paper presents a review on fly ash as prime materials used for geopolymer. Due to its advantages of abundant resources, less in cost, great workability and high physical properties which lead to achieve high mechanical properties. Fly ash is considered as one of the largest generated industrial solid wastes or so-called industrial by products, around the world particularly in China, India and USA. The characteristics of fly ash allow it to be a geotechnical material to produce geopolymer cement or concrete as an alternative of Ordinary Portland cement. Many efforts are made in this direction to formulate a suitable mix design of fly ash based-geopolymer by focusing on fly ash as the main prime material. The physical properties, chemical compositions and chemical activation of fly ash are analysed and evaluated in this review paper. Reference has been made to different ASTM, ACI standards and other researches work in geopolymer area.

Investigation of use of coal fly ash in eco-friendly construction materials: fired clay bricks and silica-calcareous non fired bricks

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 4400-4412 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Eliche-Quesada ◽  
J.A. Sandalio-Pérez ◽  
S. Martínez-Martínez ◽  
L. Pérez-Villarejo ◽  
P.J. Sánchez-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Fired Bricks

scholarly journals Parametric Study on Eco-Friendly Bricks

10.29007/dskr ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavin Dhonde ◽  
Vijay R. Panchal ◽  
Dr. Janki Thakker
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
The World ◽  
By Products ◽  
Made In

Every year about 1.3 trillion bricks are manufactured in, and the world of which at least 10% are made in coal fired kilns, releasing about 800 million tons of CO2 annually. Eco-friendly bricks help to reduce the emission of CO2 in environment. Another aspect is to utilize waste materials and by products such as fly-ash, rice-husk, chopped straw etc., which are cheaper and easily available. These materials should help to achieve better properties for bricks. Another aim is to reduce the shrinkage problem in present eco-friendly bricks by adding waste products and increase in the strength and serviceability of present eco-friendly bricks. In this study we utilize different materials with varying percentage to produce eco-friendly bricks with improved properties. Shrinkage of the present eco- friendly bricks was reduced by adding rice-husk (RH) and chopped-straw (CS). The highest strength of the brick was achieved.

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