Safety at Work

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudela Grote
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Risk Propensity ◽  
Team Processes ◽  
Safety Compliance ◽  
Set Up ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
The Individual

Psychological research on safety at work aims at understanding people’s attitudes and behaviors in relation to hazards for their own and others’ health and well-being. Important safety-related behaviors are safety compliance and safety participation, which address rule-following and proactive safety improvements. These behaviors are influenced by individual cognitive and motivational processes as well as team processes, such as coordination and communication. Relevant antecedents of these processes are characteristics of the job (e.g., job demands), the individual (e.g., risk propensity), the team (e.g., leadership), and the organization (e.g., organizational culture). How individuals and teams are supported in adequately handling hazards also depends on the safety management systems set up in their organizations. Important components of such management systems are, for instance, safety training and incident reporting and investigation. Interventions aimed at improving safety always have to consider cultural factors in the organization, which impact attitudes toward risk and uncertainty.

scholarly journals RELAÇÃO ENTRE A PERCEPÇÃO DA AUTOEFICÁCIA ACADÈMICA E O ENGAGEMENT DE ESTUDANTES DE ENGENHARIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Alexandra R. Costa ◽  
Alexandra M. Araújo ◽  
Leandro S. Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Engagement Assessment ◽  
Education Academic ◽  
The Individual

Abstract:Self-efficacy reflects the belief that the individual has in his/her own capabilities to organize and execute actions that are needed to accomplish certain goals. On the other hand, Engagement refers to a positive psychological and motivational state, which is associated with individual well-being. This investigation aims to examine the relationship between these two variables, presenting the hypothesis that there is a positive association between self-efficacy and engagement, of engineering students in Higher Education. The sample was composed of 361 students (M = 20.54; SD = 4.24). Self-efficacy and engagement assessment was conducted through a questionnaire administered to students in classroom. Results show a positive and significant association between the variables, being the strongest association between the behavioral dimension of engagement and self-efficacy, which are, in turn, positively associated with academic performance variables. In this study we present and discuss these results and their implications for psychological research and practice.Keywords: Higher Education; Academic Self-Efficacy; Engagement; Academic SuccessResumo:A autoeficácia refere-se às crenças que o indivíduo tem nas suas próprias capacidades para organizar e executar as ações necessárias à concretização de determinados objetivos. Por seu lado, engagement refere-se ao estado psicológico positivo e motivacional, relacionado com o bem-estar individual. Nesta investigação procurou-se estabelecer a relação entre estas duas variáveis, assumindo uma hipótese de associação positiva entre a autoeficácia e o engagement, tomando estudantes do Ensino Superior de diferentes ramos da Engenharia. A amostra foi constituída por 361 estudantes (M = 20.54; DP = 4.24). A avaliação da autoeficácia e do engagement foi realizada através da aplicação dos questionários aos estudantes em sala de aula. Os resultados revelam uma associação positiva e significativa, sendo maior a associação encontrada entre a dimensão comportamental do engagement e a autoeficácia, estando também estas duas variáveis positivamente associadas ao rendimento académico. Nesta comunicação apresentam-se e discutem-se estes resultados e as suas implicações na investigação e prática psicológica.Palavras-chave: Ensino superior; Autoeficácia académica; Engagement; Sucesso académico.

scholarly journals Risk Management of Hazardous Materials in Manufacturing Processes: Links and Transitional Spaces between Occupational Accidents and Major Accidents

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Brocal ◽  
Cristina González ◽  
Genserik Reniers ◽  
Valerio Cozzani ◽  
Miguel Sebastián
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Transitional Spaces ◽  
The Individual

Manufacturing processes involving chemical agents are evolving at great speed. In this context, managing chemical risk is especially important towards preventing both occupational accidents and major accidents. Directive 89/391/EEC and Directive 2012/18/EU, respectively, are enforced in the European Union (EU) to this end. These directives may be further complemented by the recent ISO 45001:2018 standard regarding occupational health and safety management systems. These three management systems are closely related. However, scientific literature tackles the researching of these accidents independently. Thus, the main objective of this work is to identify and analyse the links and transitional spaces between the risk management of both types of accident. Among the results obtained, three transitional spaces can be pointed out which result from the intersection of the three systems mentioned. Similarly, the intersection of these spaces gives shape to a specific transitional space defined by the individual directives linked to Directive 89/391/EEC. These results are limited from a regulatory and technical perspective. Thus, the results are a starting point towards developing models that integrate the management systems studied.

scholarly journals Adult GH deficiency throughout lifetime

2009 ◽  
Vol 161 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S97-S106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia D J Thomas ◽  
John P Monson
Keyword(s):  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Post Marketing Surveillance ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Post Marketing ◽  
Added Benefit ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual

It is now accepted that adults with severe GH deficiency (GHD) demonstrate impaired physical and psychological well-being and may benefit from replacement with recombinant human GH. Post-marketing surveillance surveys, such as the Pfizer International Metabolic Database (KIMS), were initially set-up to provide safety data on long-term treatment but have the added benefit of providing ongoing observational data on the effect of GH replacement on body composition, lipid and glucose status, hypertension, bone density and quality of life. These data demonstrate that although GHD has clinical impact at all ages, the individual consequences of this condition may take on greater significance at different stages in life. At all ages, accurate, safe diagnosis and appropriate GH dosing are necessary to provide the individual with the best possible outcome.

scholarly journals SOME ASPECTS OF DEPENDENCE PSYCHO-EMOTIONAL CONDITION PATIENTS AGAINST MANY TYPES OF MALOCCLUSION AND CONDITIONS INDIVIDUAL TEETH

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 329-332
Author(s):  
N. E Mitin ◽  
V. E Tikhonov ◽  
Maksim Igorevich Grishin
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual

The aesthetic problems associated with defects in appearance and wearing orthodontic appliances in the malocclusion, the negative impact on the psyche of the patient in all age groups. Malocclusion disturb the aesthetic appearance of the patient, causing functional disorders and pathological changes. The problem ofprevention and treatment ofdentoalveolar anomalies has not only medical, but also a social value. Many patients understand the needfor timely treatment to the dentist. Beautiful and straight teeth have become part of modern life, his well-being, health and social status. Any abnormalities always affect the psyche. Patients with dental system pathology suffer from changes in appearance, violations of phonetics, chewing function and this formed the difficulties in communication. Mental and emotional state plays an important role in human life, which affects the predictions of success and the development of treatments. Do not unimportant role in the treatment plays a dentist, his mood affects the man, and he has concluded on the basis of suggestion or self-hypnosis. The mood doctor can specifically change the whole picture of the disease, and set up a patient in a positive way. Therefore, the physician should become familiar with the individual characteristics of the patient and adjust it to the correct understanding of the disease that would yield results.

Les archives d’architecture privees du XXe siecle: sauvegarde et mise en valeur

1990 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Maurice Culot
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Architectural Drawings ◽  
Architectural Practice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Architectural Styles ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual

The architectural heritage of the 20th century is peculiarly vulnerable; partly because modern architecture broke with tradition, it is less easily recognised as being historic and worthy of preservation. Furthermore, efforts to secure public appreciation of contemporary architecture have concentrated too narrowly on the ‘International Modern’ style at the expense of the actual diversity of this century, on certain architects at the expense of others, and on the individual building, seen by itself, at the expense of the larger environment of which it is part. To see twentieth century architecture whole, it is necessary to depend on not only buildings themselves (insofar as they survive in something like their original condition), and not only on publications (which have tended to reflect the promotion of Modernism), but also on archival sources and above all, on the private archives of architects. The value of such archives derives not only from handsome architectural drawings, which institutions are always eager to acquire, but also from account books, publicity material, models, photographs, and notebooks, and from the integrity and coherence of all this material which belongs together; it is probably the challenge represented by such a range of material which accounts for the paucity of architectural archives in the public sphere. Fortunately, a new climate of interest in architecture, which has seen the establishment of several museums of architecture and the emergence of ‘l’archivisme’ – a re-interpreting of architectural styles of the past, drawing on archival sources and influencing contemporary architectural practice via exhibition design in particular – augurs well for the future of architectural archives. In France, the Institut Français d’Architecture has been responsible for archives of 20th century architecture since 1980, and since 1988 has operated an information centre for private architectural archives in Paris and the surrounding area. Other regional architectural archives are being set up; it is to be hoped that the resulting network will help to foment a spirit which will lead to the establishment of a museum of architecture in Paris, while at the same time providing a safety-net to ensure the well-being of private architectural archives.

Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Oberhauser ◽  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Eva-Marie Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

On the Individual

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
School Psychologist ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

A description of two cases from my time as a school psychologist in the middle of the 1950s forms the background to the following question: Has anything important happened since then in psychological research to help us to a better understanding of how and why individuals think, feel, act, and react as they do in real life and how they develop over time? The studies serve as a background for some general propositions about the nature of the phenomena that concerns us in developmental research, for a summary description of the developments in psychological research over the last 40 years as I see them, and for some suggestions about future directions.

Perceived Mutual Understanding (PMU)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Burtscher ◽  
Jeannette Oostlander
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Team Cognition ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Team Processes ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Item Parameters ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Individual

Abstract. Team cognition plays an important role in predicting team processes and outcomes. Thus far, research has focused on structured cognition while paying little attention to perceptual cognition. The lack of research on perceptual team cognition can be attributed to the absence of an appropriate measure. To address this gap, we introduce the construct of perceived mutual understanding (PMU) as a type of perceptual team cognition and describe the development of a respective measure – the PMU-scale. Based on three samples from different team settings ( NTotal = 566), our findings show that the scale has good psychometric properties – both at the individual as well as at the team-level. Item parameters were improved during a multistage process. Exploratory as well as confirmatory factor analyses indicate that PMU is a one-dimensional construct. The scale demonstrates sufficient internal reliability. Correlational analyses provide initial proof of construct validity. Finally, common indicators for inter-rater reliability and inter-rater agreement suggest that treating PMU as a team-level construct is justified. The PMU-scale represents a convenient and versatile measure that will potentially foster empirical research on perceptual team cognition and thereby contribute to the advancement of team cognition research in general.

Patient Scheduling — (Bibliography)

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O. Köhler ◽  
G. Wagner ◽  
U. Wolber
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Patient Scheduling ◽  
Individual Scientist ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Literature ◽  
Current Systems

The entire field of information processing in medicine is today already spread out and branched to such an extent that it is no longer possible to set up a survey on relevant literature as a whole. But even in narrow parts of medical informatics it is hardly possible for the individual scientist to keep up to date with new literature. Strictly defined special bibliographies on certain topics are most helpful.In our days, problems of optimal patient scheduling and exploitation of resources are gaining more and more importance. Scientists are working on the solution of these problems in many places.The bibliography on »Patient Scheduling« presented here contains but a few basic theoretical papers on the problem of waiting queues which are of importance in the area of medical care. Most of the papers cited are concerned with practical approaches to a solution and describe current systems in medicine.In listing the literature, we were assisted by Mrs. Wieland, Mr. Dusberger and Mr. Henn, in data acquisition and computer handling by Mrs. Gieß and Mr. Schlaefer. We wish to thank all those mentioned for their assistance.

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