scholarly journals Convalescent plasma does not provide adequate replacement of C1-Inhibitor and complements in COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 156 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S2-S3
Author(s):  
Maxwell Roth ◽  
Mohammad Barouqa ◽  
Morayma Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Complement Activation ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
C1 Inhibitor ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intravascular Coagulopathy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Esterase Inhibitor ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract The rationale of Convalescent Plasma (CP) is to provide passive immunity to acutely ill COVID-19 patients. However, there are other pathologies of COVID disease that may be alleviated by CP. COVID-19 coagulopathy has been hypothesized to be a form of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, a type of thrombotic microangiopathy. Complement activation has also been implicated in COVID-19 coagulopathy. An alternative hypothesis for additional benefits of CP is replacement of inhibitors of complements. C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) is a major regulator of complement activation. We hypothesized that COVID-19 patients have decreased C1-INH and that CP transfusion would restore intravascular C1-INH and complement levels. We studied serial C1-INH and complement levels in COVID-19 patients before and after CP transfusion (200 mL) and their association with overall mortality. Methods: We identified COVID-19 patients (n=91) that received CP within the first 72 hours after admission. We collected serum and/or plasma samples at day prior and post-day 1, 3, and 10. C1 inhibitor, C3 and C4 were tested in these samples as well as in the respective CP unit given to each patient. Results: C1-INH levels day before transfusion were increased in COVID-19 patients (201.5% +/- 53%) in comparison to CP (93.2% +/- 26.2%). C1-INH transiently increased post CP transfusion and remained relatively high through day 10. No statistical difference was observed in C1-INH between survivors (n=53) and non-survivors (n=39) at any time point before or after transfusion. C3 was higher in COVID-19 patients in comparison to CP (161.5 +/-47.0 vs. 89.6 +/-15.3 mg/dL). However, C3 levels were significantly lower in non-survivors compared to survivors the day before transfusion (131.9 +/- 38.0 vs. 180.9 +/- 45.1 mg/dL, p=2.8E-06). Following transfusion, C3 levels decreased and remained steady afterwards; at all subsequent time points C3 levels were significantly lower in non-survivors compared to survivors (post-day 1: 130.6+/- 33.0 vs. 158.5 +/- 51.5 mg/dL, p=0.006; post-day 3: 116.6+/-46.5 vs. 146.2+/-42.8 mg/dL, p=0.01; post-day 10: 120.8+/-40.9 vs. 150.3+/- 45.9 mg/dL, p=0.03). C4 levels trended lower in non-survivors compared to survivors the day before transfusion (30.8+/- 15.3 vs. 37.9 +/- 16.7 mg/dL, p=0.08). The day following CP, there was a significant decrease in C4 across the entire cohort (35.1+/- 16.4 vs. 27.9+/- 18.3 mg/dL, p=0.01); subsequent levels remained steady. In conclusion, a single CP transfusion does not appear to restore C1-INH, C3 and C4 levels in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. CP transfusion is associated with a transient increase in C1-INH and decreasing C3 and C4 levels. Contrary to our hypothesis, C1-INH levels are increased in COVID-19 patients. The relationship between C1-INH and complements in COVID-19 remains to be fully elucidated. Prospective studies are needed to further delineate these relationships especially in the context of ongoing clinical trials of recombinant C1-INH in COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Eosinophilia and cellular cytokine responsiveness in hemodialysis patients.

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 1244-1252
Author(s):  
J Hertel ◽  
P L Kimmel ◽  
T M Phillips ◽  
J P Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Complement Activation ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cytokine Responsiveness ◽  
Individual Responsiveness ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Eosinophil Counts

Eosinophilia in hemodialysis (HD) patients has been associated with allergy to dialyzers and exaggerated activation of complement during HD. Its etiology, however, remains unknown. Complement activation can lead to cytokine production, and interleukin-2 (IL-2) administration has been shown to cause eosinophilia. Because abnormalities in cellular cytokine production in renal patients were previously demonstrated, the relationship between dialysis-associated eosinophilia and IL production in this HD population was studied. Twelve patients on chronic HD therapy with normal eosinophil counts (mean, 0.23 +/- 0.03 cells/nL) were compared with nine patients with eosinophilia (mean, 0.85 +/- 0.17 cells/nL). Measurements of cellular IL-1 and IL-2 production were performed before (pre) and after (post) HD with cuprammonium dialyzers. In patients with eosinophilia, stimulated cellular IL-1 production increased by 117 +/- 40% (P < 0.01) when post-HD measurements were compared with pre-HD values and IL-2 production increased by 127 +/- 65% (P < 0.05). In contrast, there was no difference in stimulated cellular cytokine production when values before and after HD were compared in patients without eosinophilia. Individual responses were reproducible during subsequent dialysis. It was concluded that cellular cytokine production in response to HD is not uniform. Eosinophilia is a clinically useful marker of exaggerated HD-associated cytokine production. Cytokine production depends on individual responsiveness and is probably related to atopy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Nonimmune Hydrops Fetalis: Report of 22 Cases Including Three Siblings

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-332
Author(s):  
P. C. Etches ◽  
James A. Lemons
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Hydrops Fetalis ◽  
Electrolyte Imbalance ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy ◽  
Intravascular Coagulopathy ◽  
Minor Anomalies ◽  
Disease Entities ◽  
Nonimmune Hydrops ◽  
Clinical Problems ◽  
Overall Mortality

Twenty-two cases of nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) seen over a three-year period are described. Eight cases were associated with major congenital anomalies, seven cases with minor anomalies or other disease entities, and seven idiopathic cases. The overall mortality rate was 50%, greatest in those cases complicated by major anomalies. The clinical problems commonly encountered in management of these patients are reviewed, and include prenatal detection, perinatal asphyxia, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, and respiratory difficulty. A review of the literature for those entities found in association with NIHF is also included. The case studies of three consecutive siblings with NIHF born to the same parents are briefly analyzed.

Enhancing Spatial Ability Through Sport Practice

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Moreau ◽  
Jérome Clerc ◽  
Annie Mansy-Dannay ◽  
Alain Guerrien
Keyword(s):  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Spatial Representations ◽  
Mental Rotation Test ◽  
Sport Training ◽  
Sport Practice ◽  
Undergraduate University Students ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cognitive Plasticity ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Relationship

This experiment investigated the relationship between mental rotation and sport training. Undergraduate university students (n = 62) completed the Mental Rotation Test ( Vandenberg & Kuse, 1978 ), before and after a 10-month training in two different sports, which either involved extensive mental rotation ability (wrestling group) or did not (running group). Both groups showed comparable results in the pretest, but the wrestling group outperformed the running group in the posttest. As expected from previous studies, males outperformed women in the pretest and the posttest. Besides, self-reported data gathered after both sessions indicated an increase in adaptive strategies following training in wrestling, but not subsequent to training in running. These findings demonstrate the significant effect of training in particular sports on mental rotation performance, thus showing consistency with the notion of cognitive plasticity induced from motor training involving manipulation of spatial representations. They are discussed within an embodied cognition framework.

Klein with Lacan: A Study on the Reception of Lacanian Ideas in Uruguay and Its Effects on Clinical Practices (1955–82)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-361
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Grau-Pérez ◽  
J. Guillermo Milán
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Discursive Approach ◽  
The Way ◽  
Clinical Cases

In Uruguay, Lacanian ideas arrived in the 1960s, into a context of Kleinian hegemony. Adopting a discursive approach, this study researched the initial reception of these ideas and its effects on clinical practices. We gathered a corpus of discursive data from clinical cases and theoretical-doctrinal articles (from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s). In order to examine the effects of Lacanian ideas, we analysed the difference in the way of interpreting the clinical material before and after Lacan's reception. The results of this research illuminate some epistemological problems of psychoanalysis, especially the relationship between theory and clinical practice.

STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARASITIC INFECTION AND KNOWLEDGE, HYGIENIC PRACTICAL MEASURES OF PARASITIC INFECTIOUS PREVENTION IN VINH THAI COMMUNITY

2017 ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
Intestinal Parasite Infection ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Parasite Infections ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Intestinal parasite infections werecommonintropical country such as Vietnam. Having good knowledge of parasitic infectious prevention and changing risk behaviors can decrease the infection rate. Objective: To evaluate the parasitic infectious rate in Vinh Thai community before and after being health education and the changing of knowledge of parasitic infectious prevention and risk behaviors. Materials and methods: 60 households in Vinh Thai commune were interviewed their knowledge of parasitic infectious prevention and examined intestinal parasite infection by Kato technique and then trained the knowledge of parasitic infectious prevention. The interview and examination parasite infectiousrate were carried out after 6 months to evaluating their knowledge. Result: Before health education, the rate of intestinal parasite infection was 17.4% with the prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, whipworm, pinworm, small fluke worm and co-infection with A. lumbricoides - whipworm, hookworm-whipworm were 0.1%; 8.0%; 5.8%; 0.6%; 0.3%; 1.2% and 3.0% respectively. Six months later the rate of intestinal parasite infection was decreased in 12.6% even though not statistical significantly. However, there were no case of small fluke worm and co-infection with hookworm-whipworm. Receiving health education, their knowledge of parasitic infectious prevention was higher significantly but their risk behaviors were not changed so much. Conclusion: Health education can change the rate of parasite infection with higher knowledge of parasitic infectious prevention but it was necessary continuous study to change the risk behaviors. Key words: intestinal parasite, health education

Sunlight exposure: the effects on the performance of paragliding fabric

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (05) ◽  
pp. 381-389
Author(s):  
MENGÜÇ GAMZE SÜPÜREN ◽  
TEMEL EMRAH ◽  
BOZDOĞAN FARUK
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dark Blue

This study was designed to explore the relationship between sunlight exposure and the mechanical properties of paragliding fabrics which have different colors, densities, yarn counts, and coating materials. This study exposed 5 different colors of paragliding fabrics (red, turquoise, dark blue, orange, and white) to intense sunlight for 150 hours during the summer from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. for 5 days a week for 5 weeks. Before and after the UV radiation aging process, the air permeability, tensile strength, tear strength, and bursting strength tests were performed. Test results were also evaluated using statistical methods. According to the results, the fading of the turquoise fabric was found to be the highest among the studied fabrics. It was determined that there is a significant decrease in the mechanical properties of the fabrics after sunlight exposure. After aging, the fabrics become considerably weaker in the case of mechanical properties due to the degradation in both the dyestuff and macromolecular structure of the fiber

APPLICATION OF THE ATP-BIOLUMINESCENCE METHOD TO ASSESS THE QUALITY OF SANITATION OF MILKING EQUIPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-472
Author(s):  
P.A. Popov ◽  
◽  
D.V. Gruznov ◽  
S.V. Tokarev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Atp Bioluminescence ◽  
Microbial Number ◽  
Proportional Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Bioluminescence Method

The article presents the results of determining the relationship between the total microbial number and microbial ATP on the surface of milking equipment before and after treatment with neutral anolyte ANK-SUPER. The possibility of using the ATP-bioluminescence method to control the quality of sanitation of milking equipment on dairy farms is shown. Laboratory studies revealed a proportional relationship between the level of bacterial ATP and the number of bacteria on the surface of milking equipment before and after sanitation.

scholarly journals Post-Drive Standing Balance of Vehicle Passengers Using Wearable Sensors: The Effect of On-Road Driving and Task Performance

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 4997
Author(s):  
Victor C. Le ◽  
Monica L. H. Jones ◽  
Kathleen H. Sienko
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Real Time Traffic ◽  
Balance Exercises ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

Postural sway has been demonstrated to increase following exposure to different types of motion. However, limited prior studies have investigated the relationship between exposure to normative on-road driving conditions and standing balance following the exposure. The purpose of this on-road study was to quantify the effect of vehicle motion and task performance on passengers’ post-drive standing balance performance. In this study, trunk-based kinematic data were captured while participants performed a series of balance exercises before and after an on-road driving session in real-time traffic. Postural sway for all balance exercises increased following the driving session. Performing a series of ecologically relevant visual-based tasks led to increases in most post-drive balance metrics such as sway position and velocity. However, the post-drive changes following the driving session with a task were not significantly different compared to changes observed following the driving session without a task. The post-drive standing balance performance changes observed in this study may increase vulnerable users’ risk of falling. Wearable sensors offer an opportunity to monitor postural sway following in-vehicle exposures.

scholarly journals Reduction in mobility and COVID-19 transmission

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Nouvellet ◽  
Sangeeta Bhatia ◽  
Anne Cori ◽  
Kylie E. C. Ainslie ◽  
Marc Baguelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Strict Control ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Proxy Measure ◽  
Lower Transmission ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn response to the COVID-19 pandemic, countries have sought to control SARS-CoV-2 transmission by restricting population movement through social distancing interventions, thus reducing the number of contacts. Mobility data represent an important proxy measure of social distancing, and here, we characterise the relationship between transmission and mobility for 52 countries around the world. Transmission significantly decreased with the initial reduction in mobility in 73% of the countries analysed, but we found evidence of decoupling of transmission and mobility following the relaxation of strict control measures for 80% of countries. For the majority of countries, mobility explained a substantial proportion of the variation in transmissibility (median adjusted R-squared: 48%, interquartile range - IQR - across countries [27–77%]). Where a change in the relationship occurred, predictive ability decreased after the relaxation; from a median adjusted R-squared of 74% (IQR across countries [49–91%]) pre-relaxation, to a median adjusted R-squared of 30% (IQR across countries [12–48%]) post-relaxation. In countries with a clear relationship between mobility and transmission both before and after strict control measures were relaxed, mobility was associated with lower transmission rates after control measures were relaxed indicating that the beneficial effects of ongoing social distancing behaviours were substantial.

scholarly journals ACE Inhibitory and Antihypertensive Activities of Wine Lees and Relationship among Bioactivity and Phenolic Profile

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 679
Author(s):  
Raúl López-Fernández-Sobrino ◽  
Jorge R. Soliz-Rueda ◽  
Maria Margalef ◽  
Anna Arola-Arnal ◽  
Manuel Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Phenolic Profiles ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
The Relationship

Wine lees (WL) are by-products generated in the winemaking process. The aim of this study was to investigate the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory (ACEi) activity, and the blood pressure (BP) lowering effect of WL from individual grape varieties. The relationship among their activities and phenolic profiles was also studied. Three WL, from Cabernet, Mazuela, and Garnacha grape varieties, were firstly selected based on their ACEi properties. Their phenolic profiles were fully characterized by UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS. Then, their potential antihypertensive effects were evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). BP was recorded before and after their oral administrations (2, 4, 6, 8, 24, and 48 h) at a dose of 5 mL/kg bw. Cabernet WL (CWL) exhibited a potent antihypertensive activity, similar to that obtained with the drug Captopril. This BP-lowering effect was related to the high amount of anthocyanins and flavanols present in these lees. In addition, a potential hypotensive effect of CWL was discarded in normotensive Wistar–Kyoto rats. Finally, the ACEi and antihypertensive activities of CWL coming from a different harvest were confirmed. Our results suggest the potential of CWL for controlling arterial BP, opening the door to commercial use within the wine industry.

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