scholarly journals Energy and Macronutrient Intakes With Eating Occasions Consumed by European Children From Ages 3 to 8 Years: The EU Childhood Obesity Project Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 467-467
Author(s):  
Vanessa Jaeger ◽  
Dariusz Gruszfeld ◽  
Joaquín Escribano Subias ◽  
Verónica Luque ◽  
Pascale Poncelet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Quadratic Term ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Project Study ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Seventh Framework Programme ◽  
Eating Occasions ◽  
Framework Programme Project ◽  
Italian Children ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Objectives We characterized the distribution of energy and macronutrient intakes across eating occasions (EO) in a longitudinal study in children from 3 to 8 yrs in 5 European countries. Methods In the Childhood Obesity Project Study, 3-day weighed food records were collected at 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 yrs of age for children from Belgium, Germany, Italy, Poland and Spain. Food intakes were assigned to EO based on country-specific times of the day and EO size. A consistent pattern with 3 meals (breakfast, lunch, supper) and 2 snacks (morning, afternoon) was identified. We analyzed longitudinal changes in diurnal energy and nutrient intake with age and estimated mixed effects models with child-specific intercept and slope for age. Age was analysed as quadratic term. Results The analyzed food intakes of 740 children showed the proportion of energy consumed within the day as follows: lunch (30.3%±8.3, M ± SD), supper (25.3%±8.0), breakfast (18.6%±6.6) and snacks (afternoon (16.3%±7.2); morning (10.1%±6.7)). Italian children had the lowest intake during morning (5.4%± 3.8) and the highest proportion of skipping morning snack (49%). The portion of fat and protein (as % total energy intake per EO) was high at lunch (fat 36.3%±9.1; protein 18.1%±5.2) and supper (fat 39.1%±10.9; protein 17.7%±5.6) and for carbohydrates at snacks (61.6%±11.6) and breakfast (53.7%±11.7), respectively. In Spain, fat and protein intakes were above study average at all EO. Energy intakes at snacks varied significantly with age (morning βage = -36.22kcal, βage2 = 3.29kcal; afternoon βage = 28.37 kcal, βage2 = −3.21kcal; P >0.001). There were no diurnal energy and nutrient differences between sexes. Conclusions The studied children consumed the major portions of dietary energy, protein and fat at lunch and supper, while most carbohydrates were provided with snacks and breakfast. With increasing age, energy intakes varied with morning and afternoon snacks. Further studies should explore whether diurnal variation of dietary intakes is associated with health outcomes. Funding Sources Partial financial support was received from the Commission of the European Community, the EU Seventh Framework Programme, project EarlyNutrition, the EU H2020 project PHC-2014-DynaHealth and the European Research Council Advanced Grant META-GROWTH.

scholarly journals Exploring cross-border cooperation in Eastern Europe: What kind of initiatives have developed in the Romanian-Hungarian border area?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Elena Grad-Rusu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Border Area ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation ◽  
The Eu

Since the beginning, the European Union has believed and promoted the idea that an increase in cross-border cooperation contributes to enhanced European integration. This means that cross-border cooperation supports sustainable development along the EU’s internal and external borders, helps reduce differences in living standards and addresses common challenges across these borders. The aim of this paper is to examine the cross-border initiatives between Romania and Hungary with a special focus on the INTERREG projects, which have provided new sources of funding for cross-border activities and regional development in the RomanianHungarian border area. In this context, the cooperation has intensified in the last two decades, especially since Romania joined the EU in 2007. The research proves that cross-border projects and initiatives represent an important source of funding for this type of intervention, when no similar funding sources are available.

Methodology for risk assessment of flash flood events due to climate and land-use changes: application to the Llobregat basin

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Velasco ◽  
À. Cabello ◽  
I. Escaler ◽  
J. I. Barredo ◽  
A. Barrera-Escoda
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Seventh Framework Programme ◽  
Local Risk ◽  
Framework Programme Project ◽  
Llobregat River

Global change, including climate, land-use and socio-economic changes, is expected to increase the stress on the entire water cycle. In the Mediterranean region, extreme events are likely to increase due to climate change. This work, framed in the EC Seventh Framework Programme project IMPRINTS, presents a methodology to obtain future flood risk maps using climate and land-use scenarios, identifying the new potential risk zones. The implementation of this methodology is applied to the Llobregat river basin case study. Two different special report on emission scenarios are used, and although the uncertainties are high, the results obtained are coincident: an increase of flood risk is observed in the whole Low Llobregat area. The climate changes affect the basin globally, increasing the risk homogeneously within the area considered. On the other hand, land-use changes represent urban growth in the floodplains, and hence, local risk increases are found in these spots.

scholarly journals Assessment of Dietary Intake and Food and Nutrition Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors of Collegiate Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1286-1286
Author(s):  
Leslie Redmond ◽  
Amanda Walch ◽  
Emily Thompson ◽  
Oksana Deyneka ◽  
Kimmy Laboca
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Objectives Proper nutrition is essential to athletic performance, yet many collegiate athletes fail to obtain adequate energy and nutrients to meet recommendations. Additionally, athletes’ healthy eating intentions do not always align with their actual dietary behaviors. The objective of this study is to assess the dietary intakes and the food and nutrition related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) of collegiate athletes at the University of [blinded]. Methods For this cross-sectional analysis, athletes will be recruited via email (goal sample size of n = 40) to complete a web-based survey consisting of demographic information, food and nutrition related KAB, and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The FFQ will be modified from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Food Questionnaire and ask about foods, beverages, and supplements consumed in the last 30 days. The KAB questions will focus on food and nutrition related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. The knowledge portion will consist of the validated Abridged Nutrition for Sport Questionnaire. The attitude and behavior sections will consist of questions created by a Dietetics and Nutrition (DN) graduate student, assessed by current DN faculty for content validity, and pilot-tested in a sub-sample of collegiate athletes at another institution. Survey respondents will have the option to receive a $5 discount code for use at the [blinded] Campus Store and/or be entered to win one of three test packages from the Human Performance Lab (HPL) at [blinded]. The test package will include one BOD POD test and one VO2max test. Data will be analyzed to assess the dietary intakes and the food and nutrition related KAB. Results N/A (study protocol). Conclusions Assessing the dietary intakes and the food and nutrition related KAB of collegiate athletes at [blinded] will help to inform the development of future nutrition education materials and programs. We also hope to strengthen interprofessional ties between the DN Department and [binded] Athletics and to establish a partnership for future opportunities for collaboration that will contribute to student and athlete success. Funding Sources Round 2, FY20 [blinded] Faculty Development Grant.

scholarly journals Effects of Environmental Factors on the Prevalence of Korean Obesity According to Hsp40/C6 Gene SNPs

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1263-1263
Author(s):  
Myoungsook Lee ◽  
Minjee Lee ◽  
Juhee Kim ◽  
Suyeon Lee ◽  
Miyoung Park
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Armitage Trend Test

Abstract Objectives Obesogenic environments (OE) to induce the fat accumulation are also risk factors of related chronic diseases. In previous studies, the metabolic rate for energy consumption such as BMR and RMR were significantly correlated with obesity prevalence. Our purpose was to find the scientific evidences of the connection among energy consumption (BMR or RMR), genomics related to BMR or RMR, and obesity prevalence in children and adults. Methods Using Affymetrix® Genome-Wide Human SNP 6.0 Array, genes related with BMR/RMR and BMI were screened in children (n = 512) from the cohort study, and adult subjects (N = 77) from the cross-sectional study. The correlation or association between SNPs of those genes and obesity prevalence or OE was estimated by Cochran-Armitage trend test and logistic regression. The data for family history, anthropometrics, blood biochemistry, dietary intakes and other OE were used in this study. Results Hsp40/C6 gene was highly associated with both of obesity (BMI) and (BMR/RMR) in children. However, Hsp40/C6 gene was not significantly confirmed in adults, and all significant genes derived from adults were not screened in children. We found that several OE and genes affect obesity prevalence in children or adults are different. We focused on the mutant types of five SNPs in Hsp40/C6 gene derived from children were associated with obesity by reducing energy consumption. Conclusions We discovered the different genes related to energy consumption in obese children and adults. The mutation of Hsp40/C6 may change energy consumption and eventually induce obesity. These findings will contribute to find the mechanism of Hsp40/C6 gene on the fat accumulation in future. Funding Sources This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIP) (2019R1A2C1008434).

scholarly journals Matched Case-Control Study of Beans Intakes and Breast Cancer Risk in Urbanized Nigerian Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 310-310
Author(s):  
Galya Bigman ◽  
Sally Adebamowo ◽  
Clement Adebamowo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Funding Sources

Abstract Objectives To examine the association between dietary intake of beans and breast cancer in Nigerian women. Methods Overall 630 newly diagnosed patients with primary invasive breast cancer were age-matched (±5 years) with 630 controls from the Nigerian Integrative Epidemiology of Breast Cancer (NIBBLE) Study from 01/2014 to 07/2016. Dietary intakes were collected using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to derive daily intake of beans. The daily bean intakes included intakes of beans alone, bean porridge, bean cake (akara), bean pudding (moinmoin), beans and corn (adalu) and bean soup (gbegiri). We categorized the daily bean intake into low, medium and high equally based on the distribution. Additional covariates included occupation, education, wealth index, contraceptive use, menopause status, number of pregnancies, breastfeeding,  Body Mass Index, Waist to Hip Ratio and physical activity. Conditional logistic regression models were utilized to estimate the crude and adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) of total beans intake per day and breast cancer. Results The mean (SD) age of the cases was 42.5 (10.1) and controls was 41.5 (9.2) years. Among controls, almost 36% consume a high intake of total bean compared to 30% among cases, whereas among the cases 37.3% consumed the low intake of total bean compared to 31.6% among controls. In the multivariable, we found a significant association between total beans intakes and breast cancer (OR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.74–0.97, p-value = 0.02). Comparing the highest category (approximately two portions or more a day) with the lowest category (less than one portion a day), the adjusted OR was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.52–0.98, p-value for trend = 0.04). Conclusions We found a significant association between high intakes of beans and reduce risks for breast cancer. Future studies are needed to evaluate the causality of this relationship and the specific component of beans that is responsible for this reduction. Funding Sources National Human Genome Research Institute of the National Institutes of Health's African Collaborative Center for Microbiome and Genomics Research grant, Award Number U54HG006947; the Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health's Training Program in Nigeria for Non-communicable Diseases Research (TRAPING NCD), Award Number D43TW009106, the Maryland Department of Health's Cigarette Restitution Fund Program.

scholarly journals Correlates of childhood obesity in Athens, Greece

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 940-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Areti Lagiou ◽  
Maria Parava
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Patterns ◽  
Eating Occasions

AbstractObjectiveChildhood obesity is a growing public health problem. We have examined the association between sociodemographic profile and eating and physical activity patterns with overweight among primary-school students in Athens, Greece.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingEleven primary schools in the greater Athens area, Greece.SubjectsA total of 633 children aged 10–12 years (50 % boys, 50 % girls) were interviewed in person during spring 2003. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association between eating and physical activity patterns and overweight (≥85th sex- and age-specific BMI centile). Results are presented as odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals.ResultsOverweight was more common among girls than among boys (OR=1·73; 95% CI 1·11, 2·69) and substantially less common among children born outside Greece (OR=0·46; CI 0·22, 0·95). Reported physical activity (per 1·5 h per day) was unrelated to overweight (OR=0·97; CI 0·85, 1·12) but patent physical inactivity, operationalised as time spent watching television or working/playing with the computer (per 1·5 h per day) was a highly significant predictor of overweight (OR=1·20; CI 1·05, 1·36). Composition of diet was unrelated to overweight but the daily number of eating occasions, controlling for total energy intake, was significantly inversely associated with overweight (OR=0·61; CI 0·48, 0·76).ConclusionsThe principal factor underlying overweight among children in Athens appears to be the extended inactivity imposed by modern childhood lifestyles. An intriguing finding is that spreading a given energy intake over several eating occasions was inversely associated with the likelihood of childhood obesity.

scholarly journals Fish and Dietary Fish Oil Are Associated with a Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults (P08-024-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunhee Choi ◽  
Seoeun Ahn ◽  
Kyungho Ha ◽  
Hyojee Joung
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Fisheries Science ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Dietary Fish ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Objectives Several epidemiological studies have examined the association between fish and dietary fish oil intake and metabolic syndrome in a population. However, few studies have investigated fish and dietary fish oil intake and its association with the risk of metabolic syndrome in the Korean population. Methods Using data from the 2013–2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a total of 14,519 adults (6,135 men and 8,384 women) aged ≥ 19 years were involved in this study. Dietary intakes of fish and fish oil including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were estimated by a 24-h dietary recall. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The odds ratios (ORs) for the presence of metabolic syndrome according to the tertile of fish and fish oil intakes were calculated using a multiple logistic regression model. Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the participants was 9.18%. The mean intake (standard error, SE) of fish, EPA and DHA was 123.35 (2.67) g/day, 103.43 (2.48) mg/day and 179.21 (4.75) mg/day for the study participants, respectively. Dietary intakes of fish and fish oil were not associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, however, they were associated with the prevalence of several metabolic abnormalities. Men in the highest tertile of energy adjusted DHA intake from fish showed a 20% decreased risk of hypertriglyceridemia (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67–0.96, p for trend, 0.0274), compared with those in the lowest tertile. However, Women in the highest tertile of fish intake showed a higher prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.24–2.33) than those in the lowest tertile. Conclusions Our findings suggest that a higher intake of dietary fish oil might be associated with a lower risk of hypertriglyceridemia in Korean men. Thus, further prospective studies are needed to examine the association of fish and fish oil with metabolic syndrome. Funding Sources This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2018R1A2B6007070) and the National Institute of Fisheries Science (R2019051).

scholarly journals Comparing diet composition and growth of children living in two limitary Greek islands (Samos and Corfu)

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1284-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria G Grammatikopoulou ◽  
Efstratia Daskalou ◽  
Margarita Hatzopoulou ◽  
Loukia Sourtzinou ◽  
Maria Tsigga
Keyword(s):  
Diet Composition ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Eastern Border ◽  
Border Areas ◽  
Italian Children

AbstractObjectiveThe study aimed to assess differences in dietary intake and growth of pre-schoolers and schoolchildren living in two limitary Greek islands; Samos, situated on the eastern border, and Corfu, situated on the western border.DesignCross-sectional two-site study.MethodsA total of 248 children aged 3–12 years from the two islands participated in the survey. Body weight and height were recorded and Z-scores were calculated. A 3 d food record was collected for each child, computer-analysed and compared with the Recommended Daily Allowances (RDA). Intakes ≤70 % of the RDA were considered inadequate.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight in participants from Samos and Corfu was 10·7 % and 6·5 % respectively, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. In Corfu, the diet comprised 52 % carbohydrate, 34 % fat and 14 % protein, all different from the composition of the Samian diet (42 % carbohydrate, 39 % fat, 19 % protein; P ≤ 0·05). Inadequacies in micronutrient intake were evident only in the diet of Samos and concerned folate and P of the pre-schoolers and biotin of the school-aged participants. The diet in Corfu was more similar to the overall Mediterranean pattern as well as that of Italian children. Growth and overweight trends in Corfu resembled the ones in Italy, whereas in Samos, similarities were identified with trends from Turkey.ConclusionsBorder areas at a distance from the mainland exhibit different dietary intakes compared with rest of the country; thus when designing nutrition surveys the setting should also include such limitary areas.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed food consumption and its correlates among Italian children, adolescents and adults from the INHES cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Emilia Ruggiero ◽  
Simona Esposito ◽  
Simona Costanzo ◽  
Augusto Di Castelnuovo ◽  
Chiara Cerletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Processed Meats ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Italian Children

Abstract Objective: To assess ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and its sociodemographic, psychosocial and behavioural correlates in a general population of Italian children, adolescents and adults. Design: Cross-sectional telephone-based survey Setting: Italy, 2010-2013 Participants: 9,078 participants (5-97 y), from the Italian Nutrition & HEalth Survey (INHES). Dietary intakes were collected by a one-day 24-h dietary recall. UPF was defined by the NOVA classification and expressed as percentage of total calories. Results: Average energy intake from UPF (95% confidence interval) was 17·3% (17·1%, 17·6%) among adults and 25·9% (24·8%, 27·0%) in children/adolescents. Top sources of UPF were processed meats (32·5%) and bread substitutes (16·7%). Among adults, age (β=−3·10; 95%CI: −4·40, −1·80 for >65 y vs 20-40 y; βs are dimensionless) and residing in Southern Italy (β=−0·73; −1·32, −0·14 vs Northern) inversely associated with UPF. Screen view during meals was directly linked to UPF, as well as poor self-rated health (β=5·32; 2·66, 7·99), adverse life events (β=2·33; 1·48, 3·18) and low sleep quality (β=2·34; 1·45, 3·24). Boys consumed 2-point percent more UPF of the total energy than girls (β=2·01; 0·20, 3·82). For all ages, a Mediterranean diet was inversely associated with UPF (β=−4·86; −5·53, −4·20 for good vs poor adherence in adults and β=−5·08; −8·38, −1·77 for kids). Conclusions: UPF contribute a modest proportion of energy to the diets of Italian adults while being one quarter of the total calories in children/adolescents. UPF was associated with several psychosocial factors and eating behaviours. Increased adherence to Mediterranean diet would possibly result in lower UPF consumption.

scholarly journals The Health and Housing Study: Nutrition-Related Outcomes Among Low- to Moderate-Income Individuals Living in or Seeking to Live in New Subsidized Chinatown-Based Housing

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
Ana Maafs-Rodríguez ◽  
Jennifer Pustz ◽  
Mehreen Ismail ◽  
Laurie Goldman ◽  
Peter Levine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
California Health Interview Survey ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Housing Status ◽  
Funding Sources

Abstract Objectives Housing stability, food security and healthy eating are interrelated. In 2015, a housing lottery for newly developed subsidized housing in Chinatown, Boston, MA was held for low- and moderate- income families who were randomly selected from a waitlist. Four years later (19/20), our study explores the associations between housing status (living in the new subsidized building (NSB) or being on the lottery waitlist) and Food Insecurity (FI); use of food safety net programs (SN), defined as use of SNAP, WIC and/or food pantries; weekly fruit and vegetable consumption (FV); weekly soda consumption; and monthly fast food consumption (FF). Methods Questionnaire links were sent to NSB (n = 95) and waitlist (n = 2498) households. Logistic regression was used to explore the association between housing status and (1) FI (2-item screener) and (2) use of SN (self-reported use in the past year). Linear regression with robust standard error estimation was used to explore the association between housing status and weekly consumption of (1) FV, (2) soda, and (3) monthly consumption of FF, (assessed through health behavior questions from the California Health Interview Survey). Models were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, household size, education, income, employment status and distance to grocery store. Results 138 respondents completed the survey; NSB = 36, waitlist = 102. The two housing status groups were demographically similar. Respondents in the NSB showed non-statistically significant lower odds of experiencing FI (OR 0.65, 95% CI [0.3, 1.6]) and of using SN (OR 0.45, 95% CI [0.1, 1.6]). Respondents in the NSB showed non-statistically significant higher weekly consumption of FV (β 2.03, 95% CI [−1.5, 5.6]); lower weekly consumption of soda (β −0.39, 95% CI [−1.9, 1.1]) and lower monthly consumption of FF (β −1.19, 95% CI [−3.9, 1.5]), when compared to respondents on the waitlist. Conclusions In this small sample, main outcomes were not significantly different. Dietary intakes among NSB residents were consistently positive compared to waitlist residents. Future studies should continue to explore mechanisms through which living in a NSB may impact nutrition and health outcomes. Funding Sources Tufts Collaborates Seed Grants. Conclusions do not represent any U.S. Department of Agriculture office or Government determination. This research was not part of MI's work at USDA.

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