scholarly journals The membrane lipid metabolism in horticultural products suffering chilling injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-min Liang ◽  
Jian-fei Kuang ◽  
Shu-juan Ji ◽  
Qin-fang Chen ◽  
Wei Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Refrigerated Storage ◽  
Primary Event ◽  
Physiological Disorder ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Horticultural Products ◽  
And Function

Abstract Horticultural commodities suffer chilling injury following exposure to extremely low temperatures, which results in visible symptoms and considerable quality loss. Therefore, it is of significance to understand the mechanism of this physiological disorder and to develop effective strategies to control it. Chilling stress causes alteration in structure and function of the plasma membrane, which is assumed to be the primary event in response to cold stress. During this process, the membrane lipid metabolism plays a pivotal role in membrane fluidity and stability. In this review, we summarized the possible roles of membrane lipid metabolism in the development of chilling injury, having the potential for developing effective strategies to alleviate chilling injury in horticultural products under refrigerated storage in practice.

scholarly journals Cold shock treatment alleviates chilling injury in peach fruit by regulating antioxidant capacity and membrane lipid metabolism

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqing Ma ◽  
Shunqing Hu ◽  
Guifang Chen ◽  
Yonghua Zheng ◽  
Peng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Membrane Fatty Acid ◽  
Relative Gene Expression ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Relative Gene

Abstract Objectives The work intended to reveal the effect of cold shock (CS) treatment on chilling injury (CI), antioxidant capacity, and membrane fatty acid of peach fruit. Materials and methods Peaches were soaked in ice water (0 °C) for 10 min and stored at 5 °C for 28 days for determination, except CI, and then stored for 3 days at 20 °C, only CI was measured. The electrolyte leakage (EL) was measured by conductivity meter. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and peroxidase) and key enzymes of membrane lipid metabolism (phospholipase D, lipase, and lipoxygenase) as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS; O2·– and H2O2) were measured with a spectrophotometer. An ELISA kit and gas chromatography were used to determine membrane lipids and membrane fatty acids. The relative gene expression was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Results The results showed that CS treatment effectively delayed CI, suppressed the increase of EL and malondialdehyde content. Meanwhile, CS-treated fruit exhibited lower level of ROS and higher activities of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, CS treatment inhibited the activities as well as the relative gene expression of key enzymes in membrane lipid metabolism. CS-treated fruits maintained higher membrane fatty acid unsaturation and lower phosphatidic acid content. Conclusions These results indicated that CS treatment effectively alleviated CI and maintained the integrity of cell membranes by inducing antioxidant-related enzyme activity and maintaining a higher ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids.

scholarly journals Alleviation of Postharvest Chilling Injury of Carambola Fruit by γ-aminobutyric Acid: Physiological, Biochemical, and Structural Characterization

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine Ngaffo Mekontso ◽  
Wenhui Duan ◽  
El Hadji Malick Cisse ◽  
Tianye Chen ◽  
Xiangbin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Lower Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Physiological Disorder

Chilling injury is a physiological disorder affecting the quality of carambola fruit. In the present study, the effect of exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on CI development in carambola fruit during storage at 4°C for 15 days was investigated. The results showed that 2.5-mM GABA reduced CI index, maintained pericarp lightness, and decreased the electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde content (MDA) while increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities. Endogenous GABA content was significantly higher in the treated fruit than in the control fruit during the whole storage. Besides, the treatment promoted the accumulation of proline and ascorbic acid (AsA) under chilling stress. Compared to the control, GABA-treated fruit exhibited a higher activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and total phenolic compounds, and a lower activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO). In addition, the Safranin O/fast green staining revealed via microscopic images that the GABA treatment reduced the cell walls degradation of carambola fruit. Moreover, the results displayed a lower activity of phospholipase D (PLD) and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes, which coincided with a higher content of oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2n6), and α-linolenic acid (C18:3n3) after 15 days of treatment, leading to the maintenance of the integrity and prevention of the membrane of the rapid softening of carambola fruit. The findings of the present work showed particularly new insights into the crosstalk between GABA and fatty acids. GABA might preserve the pericarp of carambola fruit by increasing the content of the unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) γ-linolenic acid and reducing the saturated fatty acid (SFA) such as caproic acid (C6:0), caprylic acid (C8:0), myristic acid (C14:0), and palmitic acid (C16:0) progressively. GABA can be used as an appropriate postharvest technology for improving the quality of carambola fruit during low-temperature storage.

scholarly journals Changes in Membrane Lipid Composition and Function Accompanying Chilling Injury in Bell Peppers

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ximan Kong ◽  
Baodong Wei ◽  
Zhu Gao ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Fei Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition ◽  
Bell Peppers ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Triple-Knockout, Synuclein-Free Mice Display Compromised Lipid Pattern

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3078
Author(s):  
Irina A. Guschina ◽  
Natalia Ninkina ◽  
Andrei Roman ◽  
Mikhail V. Pokrovskiy ◽  
Vladimir L. Buchman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Ether Lipid ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Synaptic Functions ◽  
Ethanolamine Plasmalogens ◽  
Lipid Pattern

Recent studies have implicated synucleins in several reactions during the biosynthesis of lipids and fatty acids in addition to their recognised role in membrane lipid binding and synaptic functions. These are among aspects of decreased synuclein functions that are still poorly acknowledged especially in regard to pathogenesis in Parkinson’s disease. Here, we aimed to add to existing knowledge of synuclein deficiency (i.e., the lack of all three family members), with respect to changes in fatty acids and lipids in plasma, liver, and two brain regions in triple synuclein-knockout (TKO) mice. We describe changes of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) and palmitic acid in liver and plasma, reduced triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in liver and non-esterified fatty acids in plasma of synuclein free mice. In midbrain, we observed counterbalanced changes in the relative concentrations of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cerebrosides (CER). We also recorded a notable reduction in ethanolamine plasmalogens in the midbrain of synuclein free mice, which is an important finding since the abnormal ether lipid metabolism usually associated with neurological disorders. In summary, our data demonstrates that synuclein deficiency results in alterations of the PUFA synthesis, storage lipid accumulation in the liver, and the reduction of plasmalogens and CER, those polar lipids which are principal compounds of lipid rafts in many tissues. An ablation of all three synuclein family members causes more profound changes in lipid metabolism than changes previously shown to be associated with γ-synuclein deficiency alone. Possible mechanisms by which synuclein deficiency may govern the reported modifications of lipid metabolism in TKO mice are proposed and discussed.

scholarly journals Lipid Remodeling Confers Osmotic Stress Tolerance to Embryogenic Cells during Cryopreservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 2174
Author(s):  
Liang Lin ◽  
Junchao Ma ◽  
Qin Ai ◽  
Hugh W. Pritchard ◽  
Weiqi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Embryogenic Cells ◽  
Osmotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Magnolia Officinalis

Plant species conservation through cryopreservation using plant vitrification solutions (PVS) is based in empiricism and the mechanisms that confer cell integrity are not well understood. Using ESI-MS/MS analysis and quantification, we generated 12 comparative lipidomics datasets for membranes of embryogenic cells (ECs) of Magnolia officinalis during cryogenic treatments. Each step of the complex PVS-based cryoprotocol had a profoundly different impact on membrane lipid composition. Loading treatment (osmoprotection) remodeled the cell membrane by lipid turnover, between increased phosphatidic acid (PA) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and decreased phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The PA increase likely serves as an intermediate for adjustments in lipid metabolism to desiccation stress. Following PVS treatment, lipid levels increased, including PC and PE, and this effectively counteracted the potential for massive loss of lipid species when cryopreservation was implemented in the absence of cryoprotection. The present detailed cryobiotechnology findings suggest that the remodeling of membrane lipids and attenuation of lipid degradation are critical for the successful use of PVS. As lipid metabolism and composition varies with species, these new insights provide a framework for technology development for the preservation of other species at increasing risk of extinction.

scholarly journals Impact of Membrane Lipids on UapA and AzgA Transporter Subcellular Localization and Activity in Aspergillus nidulans

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 514
Author(s):  
Mariangela Dionysopoulou ◽  
George Diallinas
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Lipid Biosynthesis ◽  
Transport Kinetics ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Function

Recent biochemical and biophysical evidence have established that membrane lipids, namely phospholipids, sphingolipids and sterols, are critical for the function of eukaryotic plasma membrane transporters. Here, we study the effect of selected membrane lipid biosynthesis mutations and of the ergosterol-related antifungal itraconazole on the subcellular localization, stability and transport kinetics of two well-studied purine transporters, UapA and AzgA, in Aspergillus nidulans. We show that genetic reduction in biosynthesis of ergosterol, sphingolipids or phosphoinositides arrest A. nidulans growth after germling formation, but solely blocks in early steps of ergosterol (Erg11) or sphingolipid (BasA) synthesis have a negative effect on plasma membrane (PM) localization and stability of transporters before growth arrest. Surprisingly, the fraction of UapA or AzgA that reaches the PM in lipid biosynthesis mutants is shown to conserve normal apparent transport kinetics. We further show that turnover of UapA, which is the transporter mostly sensitive to membrane lipid content modification, occurs during its trafficking and by enhanced endocytosis, and is partly dependent on autophagy and Hect-type HulARsp5 ubiquitination. Our results point out that the role of specific membrane lipids on transporter biogenesis and function in vivo is complex, combinatorial and transporter-dependent.

scholarly journals Impact of obesity and SARS-CoV-2 infection: implications for host defence - a living review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Clemens Richter ◽  
Aljawharah Alrubayyi ◽  
Alicia Teijeira Crespo ◽  
Sarah Hulin-Curtis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Immune Alterations ◽  
And Function

Abstract The role of obesity in the pathophysiology of respiratory virus infections has become particularly apparent during the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, where obese patients are twice as likely to suffer from severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) than healthy weight individuals. Obesity results in disruption of systemic lipid metabolism promoting a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. However, it remains unclear how these underlying metabolic and cellular processes promote severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Emerging data in SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A virus (IAV) infections show that viruses can further subvert the host’s altered lipid metabolism and exploit obesity-induced alterations in immune cell metabolism and function to promote chronic inflammation and viral propagation. In this review, we outline the systemic metabolic and immune alterations underlying obesity and discuss how these baseline alterations impact the immune response and disease pathophysiology. A better understanding of the immunometabolic landscape of obese patients may aid better therapies and future vaccine design.

scholarly journals Physiological and transcriptome changes induced by exogenous putrescine in anthurium under chilling stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangli Sun ◽  
Zebin Yuan ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Liping Zheng ◽  
Jianzhong Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Chilling Tolerance ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Differential Gene ◽  
Anthurium Andraeanum ◽  
Chilling Response

Abstract Background Chilling stress is the major factor limiting plant productivity and quality in most regions of the world. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of putrescine (Put) and polyamine inhibitor d-arginine (d-arg) on the chilling tolerance of anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum). Results Anthurium seedlings were pretreated with five different concentrations of Put solution or d-arg solution. Subsequently, the seedlings were subjected to chilling stress at 6 °C for 3 days, followed by a recovery at 25 °C for 1 day. Relative permeability of the plasma membrane, as well as physiological and morphologic parameters was assessed during the experiments. Additionally, transcriptome sequencing and patterns of differential gene expression related to chilling response were analyzed by qRT-PCR in 1.0 mM Put-treated and untreated anthurium seedlings. Results indicated that the supplementation of exogenous Put decreased the extent of membrane lipid peroxidation and the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), promoted the antioxidant activities and proline content and maintained the morphologic performances compared with the control group. This finding indicated that the application of exogenous Put could effectively decrease the injury and maintain the quality of anthurium under chilling conditions. In contrast, the treatment of d-arg exhibited the opposite effects, which confirmed the effects of Put. Conclusions This research provided a possible approach to enhance the chilling tolerance of anthurium and reduce the energy consumption used in anthurium production.

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