scholarly journals Retirement and Suicidal Behaviours: A Review of the International Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 526-526
Author(s):  
Leigh Wilson ◽  
Kylie Crnek-Georgeson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global Literature ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Retirement Transition ◽  
Improve Health

Abstract This scoping review maps published literature on retirement patterns and the effect retirement has on individuals. Recommendations are provided for future research, including changes to retirement policies, to decrease the prevalence of suicidal behaviours for older adults. A literature search (2014 - 2020) was conducted in Medline, PubMed, Cinahl and Scopus, using the terms retirement, transition, redundancy, and pathways. A rapid review of global literature was undertaken, identifying 204 articles, with 27 papers chosen for full review. Search terms included retirement, transition, redundancy and pathways to retirement. Themes arising from the data were experience of retirement, planning, health (physical and psychological), and levels of social participation. This review provides information for policy makers, health workers and employers to assist individuals with retirement, emphasising the need to maintain competency in a complex set of skills to improve health literacy and decrease psychological stress/ suicidal behaviours in older adults.

A state-of-the-art review of the socio-ecological correlates of volunteerism among older adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Peiyi Lu ◽  
Cai Xu ◽  
Mack Shelley
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Western Country ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global Literature ◽  
Older Volunteers ◽  
Supportive Environment ◽  
The North

Abstract The health and social benefits of volunteering behaviours by older adults are well acknowledged. However, few review articles have been concerned with the correlates/dimensions of older adults’ volunteerism. Some focused only on the North American context or reviewed studies only up to 2008. This study reviewed the recent global literature in the past decade about the correlates of older adults’ volunteerism. We carried out a literature search in PsycINFO, Social Services Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts and Google Scholar to identify empirical journal publications about the correlates of older adults’ (age 60+) volunteerism from 2008 to 2019. Among 112 initially eligible papers, 41 were selected. Findings were synthesised using the framework of the Socioecological Model. Existing studies mainly have used quantitative methodologies and were conducted within the context of a single Western country. Motivations included higher education, morale and mentality, previous experiences, social network, community cohesion and organisational management. Major barriers were health and financial constraints. Few studies focused on macro-level correlates. Irrelevant and confounding correlates were also discussed. We suggest practitioners recruit and retain older volunteers by identifying their needs and optimising management within the organisation. Policy makers should create a supportive environment and increase resource accessibility. Future research could conduct cross-cultural comparisons, use diverse methodologies and embrace more correlates, especially at the macro-level.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 Concerns on the Mental Health of Older Adults: A Rapid Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 727-728
Author(s):  
Sophia Perez ◽  
Alexandria Nuccio ◽  
Ashley Stripling
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
English Language Journal ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic continues to drastically impact older adults. Despite COVID-19 being linked to increased social isolation and loneliness, more research is needed on the psychological effects associated with older adults’ concerns of the pandemic. The current review explores associations between the COVID-19 Pandemic and older adults’ mental health to increase awareness and understanding. For this rapid review, empirical peer-reviewed source documents were identified through a computerized search using APA PsycInfo and Google Scholar bibliographical databases covering the years 2019 to 2021. The following keywords and combinations were used: “older adults,” “COVID-19,” and “mental health effects.” Relevant exclusion criteria were applied, and all related English-language journal articles were read. 47 articles met inclusion criteria. Eight associated COVID-19 stress with loneliness, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, and poor psychological well-being, with three additional articles reporting elevations in women. Three articles revealed mixed findings regarding the impact of age on psychological variables. 13 articles evaluated changes among those with psychological/psychiatric diagnoses, and six explored physical activity and depression. Of the remaining articles, two concentrated on nutrition; seven examined routines, behaviors, and societal or risk perceptions; two evaluated coping mechanisms; and three examined emotional distress changes. Understanding COVID-19’s psychological impact on older adults will take time. This rapid review revealed mixed findings regarding COVID-19 related concerns on older adults’ psychological well-being, with multiple demographic variables uniquely impacting these outcomes. It is imperative that future research explore older adults’ risks and develop interventions related to the psychological impact of COVID-19.

Consequences of Driving Reduction or Cessation for Older Adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 1843 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodele Harrison ◽  
David R. Ragland
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Reduced Activity ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

The purpose of this study was to understand the adverse consequences of driving reduction or cessation among elderly adults. A comprehensive literature search was conducted for studies that ( a) included information on driving by an elderly population, ( b) included results from a qualitative or quantitative (or both) study of the elderly and driving cessation, and ( c) provided information to evaluate consequences surrounding driving reduction or cessation. The selected subjects of the studies included men and women over the age of 55 years. Driving reduction or cessation is associated with a number of adverse consequences, including reduced activity out of the home and decreased life satisfaction. However, determining causality of the associations is difficult because of unidentified third variables (such as health). Understanding the adverse consequences will aid researchers and policy makers to develop better strategies to help people anticipate and prepare for reduced driving and to develop and improve transportation alternatives.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Medical Cannabis Packaging and Labeling among Middle-Aged and Older Canadians

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 1049-1050
Author(s):  
Melissa O'Connor ◽  
Vanessa Christiuk ◽  
Megan Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Medical Cannabis ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Accidental Ingestion ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Hard Time

Abstract The use of cannabis for therapeutic purposes is becoming more popular in many countries, including the United States and Canada. In Canada, middle-aged and older adults make up the largest proportion of medical cannabis users. Canadian legislation mandates that medical cannabis be packaged in plain-looking containers with small labels, childproof caps, and required health warnings. This is meant to standardize the way cannabis products are distributed, as well as protect children from accidental ingestion. However, there is limited research on how these regulations affect cannabis users over age 45. In the present study, residents of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada aged 45 and older (n=40) were surveyed regarding their experiences with medical cannabis packaging and labeling. Half of the participants (50%) felt they had a hard time opening their medical cannabis container. A majority (60%) thought having an easy-open lid would be helpful. Most participants (78%) reported experiencing difficulties reading the label on their container, and 75% thought it would be helpful to have a printout of the label in a larger font. In addition, 89% of participants who took more than one kind of medical cannabis favored a symbol on their medication bottle that would indicate the type of medical cannabis contained inside. Implications for policy makers and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Co-Designing Health Interventions With Refugee Communities – A Scoping Review.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeccah Bartlett ◽  
Jessica Watterson ◽  
Jacqueline Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Collaborative Design ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Venn Diagram ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Improve Health

Abstract BackgroundAs of June 2020, there were more than 79.5 million people displaced from their homes globally. Despite significantly different lived experiences, health literacy is poor within most displaced communities, contributing to low awareness and uptake of healthcare services and poor health outcomes as a result. Co-designing health interventions with communities is not a new concept however it is experiencing a significant increase in interest and support within the global health movement and areas of health equity in particular. This scoping review examines the current literature and gaps related to co-designing health interventions with refugees in order to increase health literacy; provide health services; and/or build quantitative data on health needs specific to refugee communities.MethodsThe following three questions were drafted and incorporated into a PICO framework.1. What literature exists surrounding co-designing health interventions with refugee populations?2. What effect (if any) do existing co-designed health interventions have on health outcomes (as defined above) within refugee populations?3. What gaps persist in co-designing health interventions with refugee communities? Key search terms were developed aiming to locate academic literature located within a Venn diagram of three categories: health, refugees and co-design. ResultsCombined searches uncovered a total of 1,804 articles following removal of duplications. 1,750 articles were excluded following screening of title and abstract leaving a shortlist of 54 articles. Only 10 of these articles met PICO criteria and nine of these focused exclusively on co-designing health interventions with refugee populations applied qualitative techniques. Only one article addressed all three health outcomes listed in the inclusion criteria above and half the articles did not discuss intervention outcomes or include any form of process evaluation.ConclusionsThis scoping review presents an opportunity to explore the intersection of collaborative design and health innovation with refugee communities. To ensure health interventions improve health outcomes, communities directly affected by displacement must be supported to authentically participate in, and where possible lead, efforts to co-design within this context. Future research efforts should expand to focus on evaluating the outcomes of ethical, meaningful and representative collaboration.

scholarly journals The LIVE project: A Protocol for Rapid Living Reviews of HIV Implementation Research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Eshun-Wilson ◽  
Nathan Ford ◽  
Baral Stefan ◽  
Sheree Schwartz ◽  
Elvin H Geng
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Data Abstraction ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Hiv Cascade

Abstract Background: HIV implemention research evolves rapidly and is often complex and poorly characterized, making synthesis of data on HIV implementation strategies inherently difficult. This is further compromised by prolonged data abstraction processes, restrictions on study design and delays in publication of review findings, at times resulting in outdated and irrelevant systematic reviews. The LIVE project aims to overcome some of these challenges by conducting rapid living systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Methods: The LIVE team will generate a series of systematic reviews exploring implementation strategies targeted at improving HIV cascade outcomes. We will search Embase and Medline databases for studies conducted after 2004, using predefined search terms to identify studies conducted in any age group or setting, and using implementation strategies - targeting policy makers, society, health organizations, health workers, and patients and their families - to prevent HIV, increase HIV testing, increase ART linkage and retention, and improve viral suppression rates and survival. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies will be identified through optimized searches conducted six-monthly and features of the implementation strategies and methodological quality will be assessed using recognized tools. Review teams will publish living systematic review protocols on PROSPERO. Review results will be presented on a publically facing dashboard, with review updates conducted on a six monthly basis, and publication in peer reviewed journals supporting living review processes.Discussion: Living reviews based on both pragmatic and explanatory HIV implementation research and supported by an ongoing data abstraction process will generate rapid reviews in the HIV field which are current, relevant and maximally useful to patients, health workers and policy makers.

Refining Evidence-Based Treatments for Late-Life Depression

GeroPsych ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Grace C. Niu ◽  
Patricia A. Arean
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments

The recent increase in the aging population, specifically in the United States, has raised concerns regarding treatment for mental illness among older adults. Late-life depression (LLD) is a complex condition that has become widespread among the aging population. Despite the availability of behavioral interventions and psychotherapies, few depressed older adults actually receive treatment. In this paper we review the research on refining treatments for LLD. We first identify evidence-based treatments (EBTs) for LLD and the problems associated with efficacy and dissemination, then review approaches to conceptualizing mental illness, specifically concepts related to brain plasticity and the Research Domain Criteria (RDoc). Finally, we introduce ENGAGE as a streamlined treatment for LLD and discuss implications for future research.

Addressing Social Isolation To Improve the Health of Older Adults: A Rapid Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Veazie ◽  
Jennifer Gilbert ◽  
Kara Winchell ◽  
Robin Paynter ◽  
Jeanne-Marie Guise
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Rapid Review

Political psychology in the digital (mis)information age: A model of news belief and sharing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Joseph Van Bavel ◽  
Elizabeth Ann Harris ◽  
Philip Pärnamets ◽  
Steve Rathje ◽  
Kimberly Doell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
The Social

The spread of misinformation, including “fake news,” propaganda, and conspiracy theories, represents a serious threat to society, as it has the potential to alter beliefs, behavior, and policy. Research is beginning to disentangle how and why misinformation is spread and identify processes that contribute to this social problem. We propose an integrative model to understand the social, political, and cognitive psychology risk factors that underlie the spread of misinformation and highlight strategies that might be effective in mitigating this problem. However, the spread of misinformation is a rapidly growing and evolving problem; thus scholars need to identify and test novel solutions, and work with policy makers to evaluate and deploy these solutions. Hence, we provide a roadmap for future research to identify where scholars should invest their energy in order to have the greatest overall impact.

Uitbraak COVID-19 in de verpleeghuiszorg

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Facilities

Long-term care for older adults is highly affect by the COVID-19 outbreak. The objective of this rapid review is to understand what we can learn from previous crises or disasters worldwide to optimize the care for older adults in long term care facilities during the outbreak of COVID-19. We searched five electronic databases to identify potentially relevant articles. In total, 23 articles were included in this study. Based on the articles, it appeared that nursing homes benefit from preparing for the situation as best as they can. For instance, by having proper protocols and clear division of tasks and collaboration within the organization. In addition, it is helpful for nursing homes to collaborate closely with other healthcare organizations, general practitioners, informal caregivers and local authorities. It is recommended that nursing homes pay attention to capacity and employability of staff and that they support or relieve staff where possible. With regard to care for the older adults, it is important that staff tries to find a new daily routine in the care for residents as soon as possible. Some practical tips were found on how to communicate with people who have dementia. Furthermore, behavior of people with dementia may change during a crisis. We found tips for staff how to respond and act upon behavior change. After the COVID-19 outbreak, aftercare for staff, residents, and informal caregivers is essential to timely detect psychosocial problems. The consideration between, on the one hand, acute safety and risk reduction (e.g. by closing residential care facilities and isolating residents), and on the other hand, the psychosocial consequences for residents and staff, were discussed in case of other disasters. Furthermore, the search of how to provide good (palliative) care and to maintain quality of life for older adults who suffer from COVID-19 is also of concern to nursing home organizations. In the included articles, the perspective of older adults, informal caregivers and staff is often lacking. Especially the experiences of older adults, informal caregivers, and nursing home staff with the care for older adults in the current situation, are important in formulating lessons about how to act before, during and after the coronacrisis. This may further enhance person-centered care, even in times of crisis. Therefore, we recommend to study these experiences in future research.

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