scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome and Neurocognitive Function among older Hispanics/Latinos with HIV

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 669-670
Author(s):  
Maria Marquine ◽  
Lily Kamalyan ◽  
David Yassai-Gonzalez ◽  
Mariana Cherner ◽  
Ronald Ellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Neurocognitive Function ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Hispanic Ethnicity ◽  
Disease Characteristics ◽  
Plasma Rna ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Neurocognitive impairment is prevalent among persons with HIV (PWH), particularly among Hispanics/Latinos/as/x (henceforth Hispanics). We examined disparities in HIV-associated neurocognitive function between older Hispanic and non-Hispanic White PWH, and the potential role of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in explaining these disparities. Participants included 116 community-dwelling PWH ages 50-75, who were enrolled in a cohort study in southern California (58 Hispanic [53% Spanish-speaking] and 58 age-comparable non-Hispanic White; Overall group: Age: M=57.9, SD=5.7; Education: M=13, SD=3.4; 83% male, 58% AIDS, 94% on antiretroviral therapy [ART], 4% detectable plasma RNA). A global neurocognition score was derived from T-Scores on a comprehensive neurocognitive battery, with separate demographic adjustments for English and Spanish-speakers. MetS was ascertained via standard criteria that considered central obesity, elevated triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and elevated fasting glucose, as well as current medical treatment for these conditions. Covariates examined included sociodemographic, psychiatric, substance use and HIV-disease characteristics. Hispanics had higher rates of MetS (56%) than non-Hispanic Whites (37%; p<.05). A stepwise regression model on global neurocognition including ethnicity and covariates that differed between ethnic groups, selected only Hispanic ethnicity as a significant predictor (B=-3.82, SE=1.27, p<.01). A comparable model also including MetS showed that both Hispanic ethnicity (B=-3.39, SE=1.31, p=.01) and MetS (B=-2.73, SE=1.31, p=.04), were significantly associated with worse global neurocognition. Findings indicate that MetS does not fully explain disparities in neurocognitive function between Hispanic and non-Hispanic White older PWH, but rather is an independent predictor of neurocognitive function along with Hispanic ethnicity.

scholarly journals The role of inflammation in metabolic syndrome

SURG Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-90
Author(s):  
Cristina Cuda
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Common Component ◽  
Signalling Molecules

The metabolic consequences of obesity have made this highly prevalent condition one of the most common risk factors for type 2 diabetes, hypertension and atherosclerosis. Simultaneous occurrence of these conditions can be explained through the manifestations of metabolic syndrome [MetS]. Clinical indication of MetS is characterized by a clustering of risk factors for complex chronic diseases which all feature metabolic deterioration as a common component. Diagnosis of MetS can be made if a patient exhibits three of the identified risk factors, some of which include: elevated waist circumference, elevated triglycerides, low high density lipoprotein levels, hypertension and elevated blood glucose. The progression from obesity to MetS involves an alteration in body metabolism mediated by cytokines- signalling molecules that coordinate the inflammatory response. Increased visceral adipose tissue contributes to augmented secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines which can activate several transcription factors, including NF-κB, which promote these inflammatory conditions and lead to increased oxidative stress. Exacerbation of the condition then ensues as oxidative stress results in oxidized low density lipoprotein, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension and atherogenesis. This review will not only focus on the role of inflammation in the manifestations of MetS, but also outlines some lifestyle and nutritional treatments that can be used to treat the condition and reduce the risk of chronic disease.

Chronic condition as a mediator between metabolic syndrome and cognition among community-dwelling older adults: The moderating role of sex

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1914-1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Foh Foong ◽  
Tengku Aizan Hamid ◽  
Rahimah Ibrahim ◽  
Sharifah Azizah Haron ◽  
Suzana Shahar
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Moderating Role

scholarly journals Antibodies against phosphorylcholine in hospitalized versus non-hospitalized obese subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amra Jujić ◽  
J. Korduner ◽  
H. Holm ◽  
G. Engström ◽  
E. Bachus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
History Of ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractObesity associates with reduced life expectancy, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease, and is characterized by chronic inflammation. Phosphorylcholine (PC) is an epitope on oxidized low-density lipoprotein, dead cells and some microorganisms. Antibodies against PC (anti-PC) have anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we explored the role of anti-PC in hospitalized versus non-hospitalized obese. One-hundred-and-twenty-eight obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) individuals (59.8 (± 5.5) years, 53.9% women) from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cardiovascular Cohort were examined and IgM, IgG1 and IgG2 anti-PC were analyzed by ELISA. Individuals with at least one recorded history of hospitalization prior to study baseline were considered hospitalized obese (HO). Associations between IgM, IgG1 and IgG2 anti-PC and HO (n = 32)/non-hospitalized obese (NHO) (n = 96), but also with metabolic syndrome and diabetes were analysed using logistic regressions. Both IgM and IgG1 anti-PC were inversely associated with HO, also after controlling for age and sex. When further adjusted for waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, glucose levels and smoking status, only IgG1 anti-PC remained significantly associated with HO. In multivariate models, each 1 standard deviation of increment in anti-PC IgG1 levels was inversely associated with prevalence of HO (odds ratio 0.57; CI 95% 0.33–0.98; p = 0.044). IgG2 anti-PC did not show any associations with HO. Low levels of IgM and IgG1 anti-PC are associated with higher risk of being a HO individual independent of sex and age, IgG1 anti-PC also independently of diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The anti-inflammatory properties of these antibodies may be related to inflammation in obesity and its complications.

scholarly journals The association between metabolic syndrome and successful aging- using an extended definition of successful aging

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260550
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsuan Lin ◽  
Jeng-Min Chiou ◽  
Ta-Fu Chen ◽  
Liang-Chuan Lai ◽  
Jen-Hau Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objectives To examine the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and successful aging among community-dwelling older adults. Methods Adults aged ≥ 65 years who participated in the senior health checkup program at National Taiwan University Hospital during 2011–2013 were recruited (N = 467 at baseline). The participants were followed after 4 years and 6 years. MetS was assessed at baseline. Successful aging was evaluated at baseline, 4-year follow-up, and 6-year follow-up. We adopted an extended definition of successful aging, which was defined as three major domains: physiological, psychological, and sociological and economic domains. Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess the association between MetS and successful aging adjusting for time (follow-up years), age, sex, years of education, alcohol consumption and MetS×time interaction term. Results The mean age of the study population was 72.9 (SD 5.5) years. The absence of baseline MetS had a positive effect on the probability of successful aging over six years. The absences of abdominal obesity, hyperglycemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and hypertension were associated with the physiological successful aging. The absence of hypertension was the most significant predictor of physiological successful aging [aOR (95% CI) = 2.76 (1.67–4.58), p<0.001]. Significant increased trend was found in the overall and physiological successful aging across MetS status (No MetS, pre MetS, MetS; Ptrend <0.001). Conclusions We found that MetS is a risk factor of successful aging among community-dwelling older adults. Public health policy should aim at avoidance of MetS in order to facilitate successful aging in older population.

scholarly journals U-Shaped Relationship between Serum Leptin Concentration and Cognitive Performance in Older Asian Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cedric Annweiler ◽  
Guillaume Duval ◽  
Ching-Yu Cheng ◽  
Tien-Yin Wong ◽  
Ecosse Lamoureux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Alcohol Education ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Episodic Memories ◽  
The Relationship

The role of leptin (a hormone related to fat mass) in cognition remains equivocal. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between circulating leptin concentration and cognition in older adults, accounting for potential confounders. We categorized 1061 community-dwelling older participants ≥60 years (mean ± SD, 70.6 ± 6.4 years; 41.6% female) from the Singapore Kidney Eye Study according to quintiles of leptin concentration (≤2.64; 2.64–5.1; 5.2–8.6; 8.7–17.96; ≥18 ng/mL). Cognition was assessed using the total and domain scores of the Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT). Age, gender, body mass index, mean arterial pressure, smoking, alcohol, education, memory complaint, anxiodepressive disorders, circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, glycosylated hemoglobin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and estimated glomerular filtration rate were used as potential confounders. Participants within the lowest (Q1) and highest (Q5) leptin quintiles exhibited lower (i.e., worse) mean total AMT scores compared to those within the intermediate quintiles (Q2, Q3, and Q4). Compared to Q3 as the reference, Q1 and Q5 were associated with decreased total AMT score (respectively, β = −0.53 p = 0.018; β = −0.60 p = 0.036). Compared to Q3, Q5 was also associated with decreased subscores on anterograde (β = −0.19 p = 0.020) and retrograde episodic memories (β = −0.18 p = 0.039). We found a non-linear U-shaped relationship between circulating leptin and cognition, with both lower and higher concentrations of leptin being associated with more severe cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older Asians.

Toll-like Receptor as a Molecular Link between Metabolic Syndrome and Inflammation: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1264-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sok Kuan Wong ◽  
Kok-Yong Chin ◽  
Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Signal Propagation ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
Regulatory Circuits ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) involves a cluster of five conditions, i.e. obesity, hyperglycaemia, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and low High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. All components of MetS share an underlying chronic inflammatory aetiology, manifested by increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The pathogenic role of inflammation in the development of MetS suggested that toll-like receptor (TLR) activation may trigger MetS. This review summarises the supporting evidence on the interactions between MetS and TLR activation, bridged by the elevation of TLR ligands during MetS. The regulatory circuits mediated by TLR activation, which modulates signal propagation, leading to the state of chronic inflammation, are also discussed. Taken together, TLR activation could be the molecular basis in the development of MetS-induced inflammation.

Loneliness as a risk factor for metabolic syndrome: results from the HUNT study

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 941-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Ekeberg Henriksen ◽  
Roy M Nilsen ◽  
Ragnhild Bjarkøy Strandberg
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
County Population ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Hunt Study ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

ObjectiveMetabolic syndrome (MetS) includes hyperglycaemia, hypertension, central adiposity, elevated triglyceride levels and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. All factors are identified as risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality. This longitudinal study examined whether loneliness, which has been shown to predict a range of negative health outcomes, increases the risk for MetS.MethodsWe used data from ‘the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study’ (HUNT) which is a large longitudinal health study based on a Mid-Norway county population (n=26 990). Self-reports, physical examinations and blood samples were analysed to evaluate the associations between loneliness and incidents of MetS after 10 years (follow-up survey conducted during 2006–2008). We also investigated the role of depression as a potential mediating factor.ResultsIndividuals who reported higher levels of loneliness had a higher odds for MetS (adjusted OR 1.09 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.16); p=0.007). This effect was mediated through depression.ConclusionsFindings suggest that loneliness may be an important factor that increases the risk for MetS. The effect of loneliness on MetS is mediated through depressive symptoms. Reducing loneliness may help prevent the incidence of MetS and related diseases.

Abstract 10909: LDL and HDL Particle vs. Cholesterol Concentration in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes for the Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease: The Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
David M Tehrani ◽  
Yanglu Zhao ◽  
Michael Blaha ◽  
Samia Mora ◽  
Rachel Mackey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Event Prediction ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: A more important role of both low and density lipoprotein (LDL-P and HDL-P) than cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C) concentration in predicting coronary heart disease (CHD) has been noted. However, the role of these factors and extent of particle-cholesterol discordance in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes (DM) for event prediction is unknown. Methods: In adults aged 45-84 from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, a prospective study of subjects without baseline cardiovascular disease, we defined percent discordance of LDL and HDL based on a subject’s difference between baseline particle and cholesterol percentiles. Separate Cox regressions adjusted for standard risk factors were performed to assess the relationship of the continuous lipoprotein discordance variables, as well as LDL-C, LDL-P, HDL-C, and HDL-P, to incident CHD events in those with DM, MetS (without DM), or neither condition. Results: Among 6,417 subjects (52.5% male, mean age 62.1) with 10 year follow-up, those with DM and MetS had significantly greater LDL and HDL discordance compared to those without these conditions (Figure). In discordance models, only LDL discordance [per standard deviation (SD)] within the MetS group was positively associated with CHD events [Hazard Ratio (HR) =1.25, p<0.01]. In models with individual particle/cholesterol variables (per SD), within the DM group, HDL-P was negatively (HR=0.71, p<0.05) and LDL-C positively (HR=1.47, p<0.05) associated with CHD. In those with MetS, only LDL-P was positively associated with CHD (HR=1.34, p<0.05). In those with neither disease, only LDL-C was positively associated with CHD (HR=1.27, p<0.05). Conclusion: LDL discordance (mainly through higher LDL-P) in those with MetS and higher LDL-C with lower HDL-P in those with DM predicts CHD risk. These results support a potential role for examining lipoprotein particles and discordances in persons with MetS and DM to better assess CHD risk.

Metabolic syndrome and cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents: the role of obesity as a mediator

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelia González-Gálvez ◽  
Jose Rodriguez ◽  
Jorge Mota
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Pressures

Abstract Objectives To analyse the prevalence and association between metabolic syndrome (MetS), clustered cardiometabolic risk (CCMR), obesity (body mass index [BMI], fat mass [FM] and waist circumference [WC]), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF); and to assess whether obesity (BMI, FM, and WC) acts as a mediator between CRF and MetS or CCMR. Methods This cross-sectional study included a subsample of the AFINA-te Study (n = 209; 11.51 ± 0.72 years old). BMI, FM, and WC were assessed. The Course-Navette test was used to assess CRF. MetS was calculated following the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definitions, and assessed using WC, triglycerides (TGs), high density lipoprotein (HD), fasting glucose (FG), and systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP/DBP). CCMR was calculated based on the sex and age-specific z score. Results The prevalence of overweightness, obesity, MetS, and CCMR were 17.22, 1.44, 5.74, and 18.36%, respectively. After including BMI, FM, or WC into the model, the association between CRF and MetS was no longer significant, and the association between CRF and CCMR was only significant when it was mediated by BMI (β = −0.006; p = 0.026). The rest of the analysis of the mediation did not show a direct effect, although a significant indirect effect with a significant value for the Sobel test was observed (all p < 0.001). Conclusions BMI, FM, and WC act as full mediators in the association between CRF and MetS; FM and WC act as full mediators in the association between CRF and CCMR; and BMI acts as a partial mediator. The use of FM or WC as obesity variables is recommended.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document