Loneliness as a risk factor for metabolic syndrome: results from the HUNT study

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 941-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Ekeberg Henriksen ◽  
Roy M Nilsen ◽  
Ragnhild Bjarkøy Strandberg
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
County Population ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Hunt Study ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

ObjectiveMetabolic syndrome (MetS) includes hyperglycaemia, hypertension, central adiposity, elevated triglyceride levels and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. All factors are identified as risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality. This longitudinal study examined whether loneliness, which has been shown to predict a range of negative health outcomes, increases the risk for MetS.MethodsWe used data from ‘the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study’ (HUNT) which is a large longitudinal health study based on a Mid-Norway county population (n=26 990). Self-reports, physical examinations and blood samples were analysed to evaluate the associations between loneliness and incidents of MetS after 10 years (follow-up survey conducted during 2006–2008). We also investigated the role of depression as a potential mediating factor.ResultsIndividuals who reported higher levels of loneliness had a higher odds for MetS (adjusted OR 1.09 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.16); p=0.007). This effect was mediated through depression.ConclusionsFindings suggest that loneliness may be an important factor that increases the risk for MetS. The effect of loneliness on MetS is mediated through depressive symptoms. Reducing loneliness may help prevent the incidence of MetS and related diseases.

scholarly journals Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Indices for Metabolic Syndrome in Japanese Women: One-Year Follow-Up Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 3280-3287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyo Nakajima ◽  
Masanobu Yamada ◽  
Masako Akuzawa ◽  
Sumiyasu Ishii ◽  
Yasuhiro Masamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
The Relationship

Context: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) increase with age; however, their relationship remains unclear. Objective: Our objective was to investigate the relationship between SCH and indices of metabolic syndrome and follow up subjects for 1 year. Design: Cross-sectional and longitudinal follow-up studies of cases were collected from Takasaki Hidaka Hospital between 2003 and 2007. Participants: Overall, 11 498 participants of health checkups were analyzed. The mean age was 48 ± 9 years. Main Outcome Measures: The relationship between SCH and indices of MetS were examined. Results: Serum free T4 levels were lower in women than men in most of the age groups, and the prevalence of SCH, 6.3% in women vs 3.4% in men, increased with age, reaching 14.6% in 70-year-old women. Multivariate logistic-regression analyses revealed that waist circumference and the serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were significantly higher in subjects with SCH than without among women. Reflecting these findings, the adjusted odds ratio of MetS in patients with SCH was higher than in the euthyroid subjects in women with an odds ratio of 2.7 (95% confidence interval 1.1–5.6; P = .017) but not in men. Furthermore, progression from euthyroid into SCH resulted in a significant increase in the serum triglyceride levels but not low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in women. Conclusion: Japanese women exhibited a high prevalence of SCH associated with low free T4 levels. There was a strong association between SCH and several indices of metabolic syndrome in women. SCH may affect serum triglyceride levels and be a risk factor for metabolic syndrome.

Abstract P175: High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Mortality Prior to Age 90 in a Cohort of Male Physicians

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Rahilly-Tierney ◽  
Howard D Sesso ◽  
J. Michael Gaziano ◽  
Luc Djousse
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
High Density ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cvd Mortality

BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined prospectively the relationship between baseline high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and longevity. OBJECTIVES: We sought to examine whether higher HDL levels were associated with lower risk of all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), and non-CVD mortality prior to age 90 in the Physicians’ Health Study (PHS). METHODS: We considered a baseline cohort of 1351 PHS participants who provided bloods between 1997 and 2001 and were old enough to reach age 90 by March 4, 2009. Included subjects had complete baseline data on HDL and total cholesterol; lifestyle factors including smoking, exercise, alcohol consumption, and BMI; and comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, cancer, and stroke. We used Cox proportional hazards to determine the HRs and 95% CIs for all-cause, CVD, and non-CVD mortality prior to age 90, adjusting for baseline age, co-morbidities, and non-HDL cholesterol. RESULTS: At baseline, the cohort had a mean (SD) age of 81.9 (2.9) years and a mean (SD) HDL cholesterol of 44.8(16.5) mg/dL. After a mean follow-up of 6.8 years (maximum 12.3 years), 501 (37.1%) of men died prior to age 90. In multi-variable adjusted analyses, men in the highest HDL-C quartile (≥54.1 mg/dL) had a 28% lower risk (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.55-0.95) of all-cause mortality prior to age 90 compared to men in the lowest HDL-C quartile (<32.8 mg/dL). From the lowest to highest HDL quartile, age-adjusted HR(95%CI) for CVD mortality prior to age 90 were 0.66 (0.44-0.99), 0.58 (0.38-0.90), and 0.53 (0.34-0.82) (p for trend 0.004). There was no significant association between baseline HDL cholesterol and non-CVD death. CONCLUSION: In a cohort of older male physicians with long-term follow-up, baseline HDL cholesterol was inversely associated with the risk of dying prior to age 90, largely explained by an inverse association between HDL and CVD mortality.

Abstract 14088: Pro-neurotensin/neuromedin N is Associated With Incident Metabolic Syndrome

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles D Nicoli ◽  
April P Carson ◽  
Timothy B Plante ◽  
Leann Long ◽  
Leslie A McClure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Neuromedin N

Introduction: The tridecapeptide neurotensin increases dietary fatty acid uptake and is implicated in insulin resistance in animal models and—through plasma levels of its stable precursor pro-neurotensin/neuromedin N (pro-NT/NMN)—with human diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. We evaluated the association of pro-NT/NMN with incident metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: This analysis included a subcohort of 2,770 Black and White participants without prevalent MetS at baseline (2003-2007) from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke study who had fasting plasma pro-NT/NMN measured by immunoassay and completed a second assessment from 2013-2016. Incident MetS was defined as ≥3 harmonized criteria at follow-up: impaired glycemic control, high systolic blood pressure, high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and increased waist circumference. Four sequential weighted logistic regression models were fitted to incident MetS overall and for each criterion separately, incorporating demographic factors, metabolic risk factors, HOMA-IR, and diet scores. Results: Over mean 9.4 (standard deviation [SD] 1.0) years follow up, 564 participants developed MetS. Median [IQR] plasma pro-NT/NMN was 160 [118-218] pmol/L. In the overall group, higher log pro-NT/NMN was associated with incidence of lower HDL (odds ratio [OR] per SD pro-NT/NMN 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.35) and impaired glycemic control (1.25, 95% CI 1.11-1.40), but not other MetS components. Each SD higher log pro-NT/NMN was associated with a 22% increased odds of incident MetS, adjusted for demographics (Table); this was not significant when controlling for HOMA-IR in all but the White subgroup (race p -interaction 0.05). No differences by sex were observed. Conclusions: Higher neurotensin likely augments insulin resistance to increase odds of incident metabolic syndrome through impaired glycemic control and lower HDL.

scholarly journals Prospective Study of Sex-Specific Adiponectin Changes and Incident Metabolic Syndrome: The ARIRANG Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 599
Author(s):  
Ji Hye Huh ◽  
Tae Woong Yoon ◽  
Dae Ryong Kang ◽  
Jang Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Adiponectin Level ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Clinical Role ◽  
High Baseline ◽  
The Individual

We investigated whether changes in adiponectin levels over time predict incident metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a population-based prospective study. In total, 1110 subjects were categorized into four groups according to their sex-specific median baseline adiponectin levels and the change in adiponectin levels at follow-up: low baseline adiponectin and decreased adiponectin during follow-up (LB&DF), low baseline adiponectin and increased adiponectin during follow-up (LB&IF), high baseline adiponectin and decreased adiponectin during follow-up (HB&DF), and high baseline adiponectin and increased adiponectin during follow-up (HB&IF). During the median 2.4-year follow-up period, 180 (16.2%) subjects developed MetS. Compared to the LB&DF group, the fully adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for incident MS was the lowest in the HB&IF group (0.33, (0.17–0.63)), followed by the HB&DF group (0.58, (0.40–0.84)) and LB&IF group (0.63, (0.41–0.93)). This phenomenon was more prominent in men than in women. Among the individual MetS components, increased adiponectin levels during follow-up were significantly associated with lower risks of incident low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and incident high blood pressure. This finding suggests that a change in adiponectin level, as well as the baseline adiponectin level, might have a clinical role in the development of MetS among men.

scholarly journals Lifetime duration of lactation and chronic inflammation among middle-aged women with a history of gestational diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001229
Author(s):  
Sylvia H Ley ◽  
Jorge E Chavarro ◽  
Stefanie N Hinkle ◽  
Mengying Li ◽  
Michael Y Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
History Of ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

IntroductionLonger duration of lactation is associated with lower cardiometabolic disease risk, but pathogenic pathways involved in the disease progression are unclear, especially among high-risk women. We aimed to examine the associations of lifetime lactation duration with cardiometabolic biomarkers among middle-aged women with a history of gestational diabetes (GDM).Research design and methodsWomen with a history of GDM participating in the Nurses’ Health Study II, a prospective cohort study, were identified and followed through biennial questionnaires beginning in 1991. Lactation history was asked in three follow-up questionnaires to calculate lifetime duration. In 2012–2014, fasting blood samples were collected through the Diabetes & Women’s Health Study to measure inflammatory (C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL) 6), liver enzyme (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase), and lipid biomarkers (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).ResultsAt follow-up blood collection, women were at median age 58.2 (95% CI 51 to 65) years and 26.3 (95% CI 15.7 to 34.1) years since GDM index pregnancy. After multiple adjustment including prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), longer duration of lactation was significantly associated with lower CRP (least squares (LS) mean 1.90 mg/L (95% CI 1.47 to 2.45) for 0-month lactation, 1.98 mg/L (95% CI 1.68 to 2.32) for up to 12-month lactation, 1.67 mg/L (95% CI 1.42 to 1.97) for 12–24 month lactation, and 1.39 mg/L (95% CI 1.19 to 1.62) for >24-month lactation; p trend=0.003) and IL-6 (1.25 pg/L (95% CI 0.94 to 1.68), 1.19 pg/L (95% CI 0.99 to 1.42), 1.04 pg/L (95% CI 0.87 to 1.25), and 0.93 pg/L (95% CI 0.78 to 1.11); p trend=0.04). Longer duration of lactation was associated with lower risk for chronic inflammation using CRP 3 mg/L cut-off in middle-aged women (OR 0.81 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.940 per 1-year increase) with multiple adjustment.ConclusionsLonger lifetime duration of lactation was associated with favorable inflammatory biomarker concentrations in middle-aged women with a history of GDM. Chronic inflammatory pathways may be responsible for previously reported associations between lactation and long-term risk for cardiometabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Prevalence of multimorbidity with frailty and associations with socioeconomic position in an adult population: findings from the cross-sectional HUNT Study in Norway

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e035070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Hestmann Vinjerui ◽  
Pauline Boeckxstaens ◽  
Kirsty A Douglas ◽  
Erik R Sund
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Occupational Group ◽  
Social Impairment ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
County Population ◽  
Hunt Study

ObjectivesTo explore prevalences and occupational group inequalities of two measures of multimorbidity with frailty.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThe Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), Norway, a total county population health survey, 2006–2008.ParticipantsParticipants older than 25 years, with complete questionnaires, measurements and occupation data were included.Outcomes≥2 of 51 multimorbid conditions with ≥1 of 4 frailty measures (poor health, mental illness, physical impairment or social impairment) and ≥3 of 51 multimorbid conditions with ≥2 of 4 frailty measures.AnalysisLogistic regression models with age and occupational group were specified for each sex separately.ResultsOf 41 193 adults, 38 027 (55% female; 25–100 years old) were included. Of them, 39% had ≥2 multimorbid conditions with ≥1 frailty measure, and 17% had ≥3 multimorbid conditions with ≥2 frailty measures. Prevalence differences in percentage points (pp) with 95% confidence intervals of those in high versus low occupational group with ≥2 multimorbid conditions and ≥1 frailty measure were largest in women age 30 years, 17 (14 to 20) pp and 55 years, 15 (13 to 17) pp and in men age 55 years, 15 (13 to 17) pp and 80 years, 14 (9 to 18) pp. In those with ≥3 multimorbid conditions and ≥2 frailty measures, prevalence differences were largest in women age 30 years, 8 (6 to 10) pp and 55 years, 10 (8 to 11) ppand in men age 55 years, 9 (8 to 11) pp and 80 years, 6 (95% CI 1 to 10) pp.ConclusionMultimorbidity with frailty is common, and social inequalities persist until age 80 years in women and throughout the lifespan in men. To manage complex multimorbidity, strategies for proportionate universalism in medical education, healthcare, public health prevention and promotion seem necessary.

scholarly journals Intake of multivitamin supplements and incident asthma in Norwegian adults: the HUNT study

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 00036-2015
Author(s):  
Lin Jiang ◽  
Ben Brumpton ◽  
Arnulf Langhammer ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Xiao-Mei Mai
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cod Liver Oil ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Hunt Study ◽  
Incident Asthma ◽  
Multivitamin Supplements ◽  
Regular Intake

Although intake of multivitamin supplements is becoming increasingly popular, the relationship between intake of multivitamin supplements and incident asthma remains unclear. Prospective studies in adults with long-term follow-up are especially scarce. Our objective was to investigate the association between intake of multivitamin supplements and asthma development in Norwegian adults.We followed 16 952 adult subjects from the second survey of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (1995–1997) up to 2006–2008, who, at baseline, were free of asthma and provided information on their intake of multivitamin supplements and cod liver oil. Regular intake of multivitamin supplements or cod liver oil was defined as daily intake for ≥3 months during the year prior to baseline. Incident asthma was defined as reported new-onset asthma after the 11-year follow-up.Intake of multivitamin supplements only was associated with an increased odds ratio for incident asthma (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.12–2.13) after adjustment for a number of common confounding factors (model I). Similar odds ratios were found for intake of cod liver oil only and for intake of both supplements (1.59 and 1.73, respectively).Regular intake of multivitamin supplements was associated with an increased odds ratio for incident asthma in Norwegian adults.

scholarly journals Lack of gene–diuretic interactions on the risk of incident gout: the Nurses’ Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1394-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Bao ◽  
Gary Curhan ◽  
Tony Merriman ◽  
Robert Plenge ◽  
Peter Kraft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Predisposition ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
P Values ◽  
Follow Up Study

BackgroundDiuretic-induced gout might occur only among those with a genetic predisposition to hyperuricaemia, as suggested by a recent study with 108 self-reported gout cases.MethodsWe examined the role of urate genes on the risk of diuretic-induced incident gout in 6850 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and in 4223 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS). Two published genetic risk scores (GRSs) were calculated using urate-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms for 8 (GRS8) and 29 genes (GRS29).ResultsOur analyses included 727 and 354 confirmed incident gout cases in HPFS and NHS, respectively. The multivariate relative risk (RR) for diuretic use was 2.20 and 1.69 among those with GRS8 < and ≥ the median (p for interaction=0.27). The corresponding RRs using GRS29 were 2.19 and 1.88 (p for interaction=0.40). The lack of interaction persisted in NHS (all p values >0.20) and in our analyses limited to those with hypertension in both cohorts. SLC22A11 (OAT4) showed a significant interaction only among women but in the opposite direction to the recent study.ConclusionsIn these large prospective studies, individuals with a genetic predisposition for hyperuricaemia are not at a higher risk of developing diuretic-induced gout than those without.

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