Development of a psychological empowerment measure for youth in rural Guatemala

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bakal ◽  
Maureen Lahiff ◽  
Julianna Deardorff
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Community Action ◽  
Instrument Design ◽  
Youth Participation ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Classroom Observations ◽  
School Based

Summary Psychological empowerment (PE) is conceptualized as a context-dependent construct, yet few have studied its applicability to youth in international settings. The current study used a participatory approach to design a measure of empowerment for youth from a rural, Indigenous community in Guatemala and aimed to compare this new measure to extant measures. Youth co-researchers (aged 19–22) collaborated in the development of four culturally relevant empowerment scales through a formative process involving classroom observations and focus groups. Newly developed scales and two widely used, extant scales were administered to a school-based sample of 273 youth (mean age = 14.7, SD = 1.6). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) showed that one of the newly developed PE scales called Self-Efficacy for Community Action (SECA), which was moderately correlated with the extant scales, appeared to more effectively capture empowerment in the local context than the extant measures. These results support the notion that PE is contextually dependent and suggest that youth participation may aid in instrument design.

Participatory development of the food literacy intervention “GUSTO” for older adults in Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Zastrow ◽  
K Neher ◽  
H Hassel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Food Literacy

Abstract Background Healthy aging is one of the major challenges currently faced by an aging population. Food literacy (FL) refers to the ability to apply knowledge and practical skills regarding healthy and sustainable nutrition into everyday life. The project “GUSTO” is sponsored by the Bavarian State Ministry of Health and Care and aims to contribute to enjoyable aging by developing the nutritional skills of people aged 65 and over. This community-based program comprises independent working groups of older adults guided by peer moderators. The FL intervention is developed in cooperation with the target group. Methods The nutritional situation of older adults was first established through a literature research. The results of this research were compared to the “self-perceived food literacy scale” by Poelman et al. (2018) and the “nutritional framework for literacy courses” by Johannsen et al. (2019). The resulting data provided a basis for focus group discussions carried out in six municipalities, supported by local practice partners. In six guided focus group discussions, a number of recurring themes were identified and summarized. Results The focus groups consisted of a total of 44 people between 62 and 88 years of age (average age: 73.1 ± 6.1 years). 22.7 % were men. The group discussions revealed resources used and barriers encountered in terms of FL and interests of older adults. It was evident that, due to the high density of information available, the participants found it difficult to identify reliable information and to implement it in their everyday life. At the request of the focus groups, topics such as the best before date and the use of food waste were added to the intervention. Conclusions Older adults find it challenging to identify reliable nutritional information and implement it in their everyday life. With the help of the participatory approach outlined in this study, target group-related issues can be identified and taken into account in the intervention. Key messages Older adults can be involved in the development of an FL intervention. A participatory approach allows target group-related issues and specific needs to be taken into account in the intervention.

scholarly journals High School Students Voice Regarding School-based Physical Activity: Perceived Barriers and Facilitating Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Dubuc ◽  
Seira Fortin-Suzuki ◽  
Sylvie Beaudoin ◽  
Felix Berrigan ◽  
Sylvain Turcotte
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
School Students ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
School Based ◽  
Facilitating Factors

Objective: To contribute to the development of tailored school-based physical activity interventions, in this study, we aimed to identify the perceived facilitating factors and barriers of high school students toward their physical activity in the school environment. Methods: A total of 139 students from 4 different high schools completed an online questionnaire comprising open-ended questions on their perceived facilitating factors and barriers toward their physical activity at school. Thereafter, 100 of these students participated in one of the 16 focus groups designed to deepen students’ responses regarding their perceived facilitating factors and barriers. Qualitative content analysis was performed to classify data according to the Social-Ecological Model. Results: Through questionnaires, students mostly identified intrapersonal elements as facilitating factors and barriers to their practice of physical activity, as opposed to institutional factors during the focus groups. Girls strongly valued the characteristics of the interventions and of the involved school stakeholders. Conclusions: Our results allow us to qualify the current understanding of high school students’ perceived facilitating factors and barriers toward school-based physical activity and strengthen the relevance of surveying students prior to the development and implementation of physical activity interventions.

Conducting classroom observations in school-based research.

2009 ◽  
pp. 79-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget K. Hamre ◽  
Robert C. Pianta ◽  
Lia Chomat-Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Observations ◽  
School Based

scholarly journals Perceptions of eating practices and physical activity among Malaysian adolescents in secondary schools: a qualitative study with multi-stakeholders

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shooka Mohammadi ◽  
Tin Tin Su ◽  
Angeliki Papadaki ◽  
Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin ◽  
Maznah Dahlui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Rural Schools ◽  
School Based ◽  
Adolescent Participation ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Malaysian Adolescents

Abstract Objective: To conduct formative research using qualitative methods among stakeholders of secondary schools to explore their perceptions, barriers and facilitators related to healthy eating and physical activity (PA) among Malaysian adolescents. Design: A qualitative study involving eight focus groups and twelve in-depth interviews. Focus groups and interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. An inductive thematic analysis approach was used to analyse the data. Setting: Four secondary schools in Perak and Selangor states (two urban and two rural schools) in Malaysia. Participants: Focus groups were conducted with seventy-six adolescents aged 13–14 years, and in-depth interviews were conducted with four headmasters, four PA education teachers and four food canteen operators. Results: Stakeholders thought that adolescents’ misperceptions, limited availability of healthy options, unhealthy food preferences and affordability were important challenges preventing healthy eating at school. Low-quality physical education (PE) classes, limited adolescent participation and teachers’ commitment during lessons were perceived as barriers to adolescents being active at school. Affordability was the main challenge for adolescents from rural schools. Stakeholders perceived that a future school-based intervention should improve the availability and subsidies for healthy foods, provide health education/training for both adolescents and PE teachers, enhance active adolescent participation in PE and develop social support mechanisms to facilitate engagement with PA. Conclusions: These findings provide important insights into developing school-based lifestyle interventions to improve healthy eating and strengthening PA of Malaysian adolescents.

scholarly journals Impact of a school-based food garden on attitudes and identification skills regarding vegetables and fruit: a 12-month intervention trial

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn Somerset ◽  
Katherine Markwell
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Dietary Behaviours ◽  
School Based ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
Attitudinal Changes ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

AbstractObjectiveTo determine changes in ability to identify specific vegetables and fruits, and attitudes towards vegetables and fruit, associated with the introduction of a school-based food garden.DesignA 12-month intervention trial using a historical control (controln132, interventionn120), class-based, self-administered questionnaires requiring one-word answers and 3-point Likert scale responses.SettingA state primary school (grades 4 to 7) in a low socio-economic area of Brisbane, Australia.InterventionThe introduction of a school-based food garden, including the funding of a teacher coordinator for 11 h/week to facilitate integration of garden activities into the curriculum.Main outcome measuresAbility to identify a series of vegetables and fruits, attitudes towards vegetables and fruit.AnalysisFrequency distributions for each item were generated andχ2analyses were used to determine statistical significance. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to detect major trends in data.ResultsThe intervention led to enhanced ability to identify individual vegetables and fruits, greater attention to origins of produce (garden-grown and fresh), changes to perceived consumption of vegetables and fruits, and enhanced confidence in preparing fruit and vegetable snacks, but decreased interest in trying new fruits.ConclusionsThe introduction of this school-based food garden was associated with skill and attitudinal changes conducive to enhancing vegetable and fruit consumption. The ways in which such changes might impact on dietary behaviours and intake require further analysis.

Mediating Role of Self-Determination Constructs in Explaining the Relationship Between School Factors and Postschool Outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karrie A. Shogren ◽  
Mauricio Garnier Villarreal ◽  
Kyle Lang ◽  
Hyojeong Seo
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Transition Services ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
School Factors ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Postschool Outcomes ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
School Based ◽  
The Relationship

Secondary data analysis using the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 data set was conducted to examine the degree to which autonomy, psychological empowerment, and self-realization (3 of 4 essential characteristics of self-determination) play a mediating role in the relationship between school-based factors and postschool outcomes. The results suggest that autonomy, psychological empowerment, and self-realization play a large and significant role in mediating the relationship between school-based factors and postschool outcomes. With over 50% of the indirect effects (i.e., the aggregated effects of the school-based factors on the outcome constructs through the self-determination constructs) significant, this provides support for the essential role of self-determination in secondary transition services and supports. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

Strategies for School-Based Response to Loss: Proactive Training and Postvention Consultation

Crisis ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Grossman ◽  
Jay Hirsch ◽  
Dorothea Goldenberg ◽  
Sharon Libby ◽  
Michael Fendrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Community Action ◽  
High Rate ◽  
First Year ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
School Based ◽  
Autopsy Data ◽  
Medical Examiners

The suicide of a student or staff member is one of the most difficult crises confronting a high school. This article describes the first year of a school-based postvention program to train and consult with crisis personnel in a structured response to this crisis. Responding to Loss (RTL) is one program offered by Community Action for Youth Survival, a project of the Ronald McDonald Children's Charities. Serving a contiguous three county urban area, this program integrates public health, epidemiological, psychiatric, and prevention paradigms to provide a comprehensive approach to the aftermath of adolescent suicide. RTL provides an interdisciplinary model for comprehensive, school-based postvention programs based on the guidelines developed by the Centers for Disease Control and national and local psychological autopsy data. It highlights the significance of responding to increased rates of suicide in minority youth, suicide witnessed by peers, and suicide victims who have dropped out of school. Organizational issues, such as systematic school entry, development of a computerized school database, proactive training, and collaboration with the offices of medical examiners and coroners, are described. Initial evaluation data from year 1 indicate significant gains in participants' knowledge and skills, as well as a high rate of consumer satisfaction.

scholarly journals The Novel Paradigm of Economics Driven for Local Smart Sustain Cities Modeling Using Exploratory Factor Analysis and Planning Technique Using Fuzzy Evaluation Decision Making

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Mode Vasuaninchita ◽  
Varin Vongmanee ◽  
Wanchai Rattanawong
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Fuzzy Evaluation ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Planning Technique ◽  
Evaluation Decision

The Smart Cities (SCs) models currently widely employed are identical and inconsiderate of Economics Driven (ED), Local Context (LC), and Sustainability (St) factors. These are key factors to driving, constructing, and developing smart cities. This paper presents a process wherein “the Local Smart Sustain Cities Model (LSSCsM)” is combined and modeled with Exploratory Factor Analysis technique (EFA) to design a smart city that fits the local features of a given area. This particular process creates a Smart Cities Model (SCsM) that has unique sustainability and local context factors. This paper also presents the smart cities Priority Action Ranking (PAR) process using Fuzzy Logic Decision Making (FLDM) to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each smart city economics driver and characteristic and prioritize the direction planning of each factor and characteristic. The resulting smart cities model can then be used as the foundation of sustainable smart cities that avoid the pitfall of using incompatible smart cities models as the base and consequently failing, thus avoiding the extravagant costs associated with an unsuccessful project of such scale.

CONCEPTUALISING COMMUNICATION MEDIA AND FARMER’S REACTION IN PROBLEM SOLVING

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Idris Bin Ismail ◽  
Rosidayu Sabran ◽  
Yahya Bin Mohamed Ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Information Delivery ◽  
Communication Media ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Governance Reform ◽  
New Research

Purpose: Agricultural Extension Services (AES) under structural governance reform that aimed to curb AES situational problem like insufficient of information delivery, suggested communication media principally radio as a tool for farmers to keep up with newest idea and information about agriculture technology and practices. It shows that, radio role is still pertinent on delivery of information for production output. Beyond that, this study is to examine radio as new concept that allow feedback and influence farmer’s information behavior in dealing with AES problem. Methodology: This study propose the reaction of Malaysian paddy farmers could be shape to view insufficient of information delivery within AES as being intervention in increasing farmers’ utilization of communication media such radio. Drawing upon Kim and Grunig (2011) Situational Theory Problem Solving (STOPS) as the framework, aside from looking at the perception of publics towards certain problem. This study  construct a quantitative measure of radio through exploratory factor analysis using principal components with varimax rotation to assess the performance of each item in measuring their respective variables and to be examined within STOPS. An extensive reviews of literature then produced preliminary factor and items that were tested through a survey distributed among 110 respondents. Findings: Exploratory factor analysis found the items fell into common factor group and finalized with seven (7) items of measurement for future study. Practical Implications: These results offer initial guidance into the relevance of radio effected farmer’s reaction in problem solving within the proposed model of the STOPS especially at local context. Social Implications: Study forwarded the idea of communication method that assisted public to be connected towards identified problem. Radio can be used to create awareness, share information and give a voice to the community Research Limitations: New research to further investigate other needs of famers through the use of combination of media not specifically on radio only. Originality Value: Study examined the role of radio in farmer’s reaction in problem solving towards insufficient information delivery to fill the gap of knowledge within the framework of the STOPS.

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