scholarly journals 12. Global Growth, Inequality, and Poverty: The Globalization Argument and the ‘Political’ Science of Economics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hunter Wade
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
The Political ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Global Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Growth

This chapter examines the globalization argument, which warns that mutual benefits will be at risk if countries start to backslide on market liberalization. It begins with a discussion of trends in globalization over the past century, and the kind of evidence provided by mainstream economists to support the globalization argument. It then considers global-level trends in economic growth, income inequality, and poverty over the past few decades. It also explains why the consensus among economists about the virtues of globalization has been so resilient. It concludes by outlining some challenges for economists, especially in the field of professional ethics. The chapter argues that the evidence for the globalization argument is not as robust as the policy mainstream presumes.

How to Get There

2019 ◽  
pp. 202-234
Author(s):  
Lane Kenworthy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Public Insurance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Government Role ◽  
The Right ◽  
Organized Interest

Abstract: The lesson of the past one hundred years is that as the United States gets richer, we are willing to spend more in order to safeguard against loss and enhance fairness. Advances in social policy come only intermittently, but they do come. And when they come, they usually last. The expansion of public insurance that has occurred over the past century is what we should expect for the future. I consider an array of potential obstacles, including Americans’ dislike of big government, Democrats’ centrism, Democrats’ electoral struggles, the shift to the right in the balance of organized interest group strength, the structure of America’s political system, racial and ethnic diversity, slowing economic growth, and more. None of these is likely to derail America’s slow but steady movement toward an expanded government role in improving economic security, enhancing opportunity, and ensuring decent and rising living standards for all.

Political Science in the International Field

1923 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pitman B. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Organization ◽  
Speculative Thought

Political science, like all other branches of social science, has, in the past century, become increasingly inductive in method. Attempts to deduce conclusions regarding the details of political organization and practice by speculative thought concerning the nature of man, of liberty, of authority, of society, and so on, have now largely ceased. In their place we have efforts to collect as much data as possible concerning actual forms of state organization and governmental methods, and efforts to analyze that data and discover therein the main lines of causation and the fundamental principles of politics.This is all a matter of common knowledge. It is, moreover, a change which most of us regard with approval. The reason for calling attention to it here, therefore, is principally to point out its effect upon the study of the international field by political scientists.There are several consequences which flow from the placing of political science upon the basis of inductive method. The consequence of which we think most frequently is that of rendering our conclusions more certain and secure, and of reducing as much as possible the element of subjective personal judgment therein.

scholarly journals Productivity Growth and Machinery Investment: A Long-Run Look, 1870–1980

1992 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bradford De Long
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
History Of Technology ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Long Run ◽  
History Of ◽  
Good Proxy

Over the past century in six major economies, economic growth has been strongly associated with machinery investment, as is the case for a larger group of nations since 1950. Both macroeconomic patterns and narratives of the history of technology suggest that this association is causal—that a high rate of machinery investment appears to be a necessary prerequisite for rapid long-run growth—and points away from possibilities that rapid growth is the cause of high machinery investment or that a high rate of machinery investment is a good proxy for other factors that are important causes of growth.

scholarly journals Can Reducing Income Inequality Decouple Economic Growth from CO2 Emissions?

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 237802311877271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Alexander McGee ◽  
Patrick Trent Greiner
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
National Income ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
The Past ◽  
Socioeconomic Drivers ◽  
Advance Research ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distribution Of Income

In the past two decades, income inequality has steadily increased in most developed nations. During this same period, the growth rate of CO2 emissions has declined in many developed nations, cumulating to a recent period of decoupling between economic growth and CO2 emissions. The aim of the present study is to advance research on socioeconomic drivers of CO2 emissions by assessing how the distribution of income affects the relationship between economic growth and CO2 emissions. The authors find that from 1985 to 2011, rising income inequality leads to a tighter coupling between economic growth and CO2 emissions in developed nations. Additionally, the authors find that increases in the top 20 percent of income earners’ share of national income have resulted in a larger association between economic growth and CO2 emissions, while increases in the bottom 20 percent of income earners’ share of national income reduced the association between economic growth and CO2 emissions.

Les débuts de la science politique dans les milieux chrétiens

Res Publica ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-520
Author(s):  
Rudolf Rezsohazy
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Nineteen Eighties ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Catholic University ◽  
The Social ◽  
Learned Societies

The social problem incites the Belgian catholics to study scientifically the human collectivity. As early as the nineteen-eighties learned societies are ouded, seminars, congresses, lectures are organized, a review is launched. At the Catholic University of Louvain the School of Political and Social Sciences is inaugurated in 1892. The sociological approach of the problems becomes wide-spread.All this movement is prepared by the work of a pioneer : Edouard Ducpétiaux (1804-1868) . He opens the way by his numerous publications and realizations in as various fields as the social inquiries, statistics, sociography, social economics, political science, criminology... The article analyses his methodology and shows place of E. Ducpétiaux among the main intellectual currents of the past century.

The Precarious Life and Slow Death of the Mixed Courts of Egypt

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
The Political ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Court System ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Turmoil

Over the past century, most states of the Middle East have attempted to strengthen and centralize their legal systems, often following European models. Egypt undertook one of the first steps in that direction with its mixed-court system. These courts, which had jurisdiction in civil and commercial cases that involved a foreigner, however remotely, operated from 1876 until 1949. That this system could survive the political turmoil of those years, far outliving the circumstances which brought it into being, is remarkable.

RECONSIDERING THE IRISH ACT OF UNION

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
The Political ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point

AbstractTHE political, administrative and social consequences of the union of Great Britain and Ireland, and even more the eventual unravelling of the structures it created, have for the greater part of the past century provided Irish historians with a major theme. By contrast the measure itself has received little sustained analysis or discussion. F.R. Bolton's monograph, first published in 1966, remains – more than three decades later – the standard reference. In part this is a tribute to the depth, breadth and penetration of Bolton's account. But there is also at least the suggestion that the negotiation and passage of the union legislation, during 1799–1800, is to be seen as unproblematic, a relatively straightforward event providing a terminus or a starting point for discussion of the more complex and challenging periods on either side.

The Political Economy of the Resource Curse

1999 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Resource Wealth ◽  
New Research ◽  
Natural Resource Wealth

How does a state's natural resource wealth influence its economic development? For the past fifty years, versions of this question have been explored by both economists and political scientists. New research suggests that resource wealth tends to harm economic growth, yet there is little agreement on why this occurs. This article reviews a wide range of recent attempts in both economics and political science to explain the “resource curse.” It suggests that much has been learned about the economic problems of resource exporters but less is known about their political problems. The disparity between strong findings on economic matters and weak findings on political ones partly reflects the failure of political scientists to carefully test their own theories.

Reviving Albert Camus: Nonviolence and Pro-Independence PR Activism in Catalonia

2020 ◽  
pp. 000276422098111
Author(s):  
Jordi Xifra
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Albert Camus ◽  
The Political ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Spanish Society ◽  
The Past ◽  
Separatist Movement ◽  
Activist Groups ◽  
Nationalist Parties

In recent years, the electoral situation in Spain, has been marked by the issue of Catalan independence, which has conditioned the electoral agenda of all parties and the frames of political discourse. Against the idea of a violent movement that the Spanish nationalist parties and government want to transmit to Spanish society about the separatist movement, the nationalist parties’ and Catalan government turn to nonviolent discourse and action. This nonviolent behavior is based on what in the past century was defended by some public intellectuals, such as Albert Camus. Indeed, Camus is our exemplar because he also raises issues that continue to be relevant, especially in advocating principles and methods of nonviolent political action. Furthermore, Camus did so in situations of war and injustice through tactics typical of political communication the of activist groups. This article wants to show how current and how effective the ideas of Camus are today, when it is 60 years since his death, in some national electoral discourses and actions, and serve for activism PR purposes in the political communication frame.

Great Escapes and Great Divergences

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Extreme Poverty ◽  
The Past ◽  
World Income

This article highlights ambiguities and indeterminacies in our knowledge about growth, inequality, and poverty, stemming in particular from measurement difficulties and from differences in measures of what is ostensibly the same thing (“poverty,” “inequality”). It examines global income distribution, patterns of economic growth, the movement of countries in the global income hierarchy, trends in income distribution between countries and between individuals or households, and trends in the incidence of “extreme” and “ordinary” poverty. The article begins with a snapshop of world income and population distribution, followed by a discussion on growth and geographical distribution. It then considers income inequality within countries, along with income inequality between countries and all people. It shows that the global income distribution is still highly polarized and that the proportion of the world’s population living in the degree of poverty which kills—“extreme poverty”—has probably fallen over the past several decades.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document