880Dietary inflammatory index and the risk of adult depression symptoms
Abstract Background The link between diet, inflammation and depressive symptoms (DepS) are of increasing interest. The study aims to assess the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and DepS using the North-West Adelaide Health Study (NWAHS) cohort and update the previous meta-analysis. Methods A total of 1743 (mean□SD age 56.6±13.6 years, 51% female) and 859 (mean□SD age 58.4±12.1 years, 52.6% female) of NWAHS participants were included for cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis respectively. DII was determined using food frequency questionnaires, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) assessed DepS. Log- and negative binomial regression were used to assess the association between quartiles of DII and DepS. Results In a fully adjusted model, higher DII score (i.e. pro-inflammatory diet) was associated with 79% increase in odds of reporting DepS (ORQuartile4vs1:1.79; 95% CI: 1.14-2.81; ptrend=0.026). Men with higher DII had two-fold higher odds of DepS (ORQuartile4vs1:2.27; 95% CI: 1.02-5.06; ptrend=0.089). Women with higher DII had an 81% increase in odds of DepS (ORQuartile4vs1:1.81; 95% CI: 1.01-3.26; ptrend=0.068). These associations were consistent in the longitudinal analysis. The meta-analysis (n = 12) showed that a pro-inflammatory diet was associated with a 45% increase in odds of having DepS (ORQuartile4vs1:1.45; 95% CI: 1.20,1.74, p-value<0.01). Conclusions A pro-inflammatory diet was positively associated with increased risk of DepS. Our findings support the current evidence that shows the role of pro-inflammatory diet in DepS. Key messages Increase the consumption of anti-inflammatory diet to reduce depressive symptoms