scholarly journals PSVI-12 Phosphorous digestibility of corn ethanol co-products, from Brazil and USA, in growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 200-200
Author(s):  
Vinicius R C Paula ◽  
Natália C Milani ◽  
Cândida P F Azevedo ◽  
Gabriel A G Casarotti ◽  
Leonardo A Granja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Corn Ethanol ◽  
P Values ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Corn Coproducts

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P, and their respective digestible values, of two high protein (HP) corn dried distillers’ grains (DDG) and of two corn DDG with solubles (DDGS), from Brazil and USA, in pigs. Fifty crossbred barrows (38.3±5.2kg BW) were fed a semi-purified P-free basal diet (BD), used to determine endogenous P losses, or four diets composed of 40% of each ingredient, as the only source of P, substituting for starch in BD: Brazilian HP DDG (BHP); USA HP DDG (UHP); Brazilian DDGS (BDG) and USA DDGS (UDG). Animals were fed at 2.8 x maintenance (110 kcal of DE per kg of BW0.75) for 9 d (7 d adaptation and 2 d of partial feces collection). Titanium dioxide was used as an indigestible marker (0.3%) for digestibility calculations. A randomized block design was used, with 10 replicates, using the pig as the experimental unit. Results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (P< 0.05). The ATTD of P of UHP and UDG were 47% greater (P< 0.05) than those verified in BHP and BDG. The STTD of P of UHP and UDG were 45% higher (P < 0.05) than that of BDG. The STTD of BHP was similar (P >0.05) to the values of BDG and UDG. The total and standardized digestible P of UDG (0.40-0.44%, respectively) were greater (P< 0.05) than those of BDG (0.33-0.38 %, respectively) and of UHP (0.28-0.32%, respectively), which were similar (P > 0.05), and higher than that of BHP (0.22-0.27%, respectively). In conclusion, corn distiller’s co-products from Brazil and USA presented different ATTD and STTD P values, and USA DDGS (UDG) showed the highest apparent total tract and standardized digestible P among all corn coproducts evaluated.

scholarly journals 249 Evaluation of FluidQuip Dried Distillers Grains plus Solubles in Cattle Finishing Diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 139-139
Author(s):  
Aksel Wiseman ◽  
Brad Boyd ◽  
Levi McPhillips ◽  
Scott Tilton ◽  
Andrea K Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Fiber Separation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Feeding Value

Abstract A 112 d finishing study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) from the MSC-Fiber stream of the FluidQuip post-fermentation fiber separation process compared to conventional DDGS. Yearling crossbred steers (n = 240, initial BW = 463 ± 35kg) were blocked by initial BW, stratified by BW, and assigned randomly to pen (n = 30; 8 steers/pen). Treatments were arranged as a 2×2 + 1 factorial with DDGS type (MSC DDGS [MSC]; Conventional DDGS [CONV]) and inclusion level (20 or 40% diet DM) as the factors. All treatments were compared to a corn-based control (CON). DDGS replaced a 60:40 blend of high-moisture corn and dry-rolled corn. All diets contained 7.5% alfalfa hay and supplement. Data were analyzed as a randomized block design with pen as experimental unit and block as fixed effect. Increasing concentrations of CONV or MSC resulted in a linear increase in DMI (P < 0.01). Steers fed 40% MSC had the greatest DMI (P < 0.01) while CON steers had the least (P < 0.02). Daily gains for MSC steers linearly increased (P = 0.03), while CONV steers showed a tendency for a quadratic response to ADG (P=0.08). Feed efficiency of CONV steers increased quadratically (P = 0.04) and tended to decrease linearly (P = 0.09) for steers fed MSC. Efficiency was greatest for 20% CONV but not different (P > 0.16) than CON, or 20% MSC. Steers fed 40% MSC or 40% CONV were not different in feed efficiency. Inclusion of MSC DDGS resulted in linear increases in DMI and ADG over CON, but decreased feed efficiency by 1.0 and 5.3% resulting in MSC DDGS having a relative feeding value of 95.0 and 86.7% of corn at 20 and 40% DM, respectively.

scholarly journals PSII-17 Comparison of corn ethanol co-products from Brazil and USA apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients in pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 171-172
Author(s):  
Vinicius R C Paula ◽  
Natália C Milani ◽  
Cândida P F Azevedo ◽  
Leury J Souza ◽  
Anderson A Sedano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Urine Collection ◽  
Corn Ethanol ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Corn Distillers ◽  
Almost All

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM, GE, EE, NDF, ADF, and CP, the metabolizability of energy, of two high protein (HP) corn distillers dried grain (DDG) and of two corn DDG with solubles (DDGS), from Brazil and USA, and their respective digestible and metabolizable energy content in growing pigs. Fifty crossbred barrows (32.4±6.9kg) were distributed in a randomized block design, with 10 replicates, and received a 96.7 % corn basal diet (BD) or four diets with 40% of each test ingredient: Brazilian HP DDG (BHP); USA HP DDG (UHP); Brazilian DDGS (BDG) and USA DDGS (UDG), substituting for corn. Animals were fed at 2.8 x maintenance (110 kcal of DE per kg of BW0.75) for 7 d adaptation and 4 d of total feces and urine collection. The ATTD of nutrients and energy were calculated by difference and the results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey’s test (P< 0.05). The BHP and UHP samples contained (as is basis) 92.3 – 89.6% DM, 2.8 – 3.5% ash, 42.9 – 34.9% CP, 10.3 – 7.3% EE, 32.7 – 47.5% NDF, 13.3 – 17.5% ADF, 5.30 – 4.90 Mcal/kg, respectively. The BDG and UDG samples contained (as is basis) 86.1 – 86.1% DM, 4.8 – 4.9% ash, 13.9 – 25.8% CP, 9.0 – 6.4% EE, 40.8 – 40.2% NDF, 13.3 – 14.3% ADF, 4.51 – 4.53 Mcal/kg, respectively. The ATTD of DM and GE and the digestible and metabolizable energy contents of BHP were greater (P< 0.05) than those verified in UHP. The ATTD of DM, GE, NDF, ADF, digestible and metabolizable energy values of BDG were lower (P < 0.05) than those verified in UDG. In conclusion, the BHP presented higher digestible values to almost all parameters evaluated, however, all ingredients presented acceptable digestible contents, indicating they may be used in pigs feeding.

scholarly journals 251 Evaluation of Condensed Algal Residue Solubles as an Ingredient in Cattle Finishing Diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 137-138
Author(s):  
Calvin Gibbons ◽  
Andrea K Watson ◽  
Galen E Erickson ◽  
Bradley M Boyd ◽  
Levi J McPhillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Algae Oil

Abstract Algae oil production for Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation yields a byproduct called Condensed Algal Residue Solubles (CARS; 25.4% DM, 19.3% CP, 8.3% Fat, 9.96% Na on DM basis), de-oiled algae cells with residual fermentation substrates. This study evaluated the use of CARS in feedlot finishing diets. Crossbreed steers, (n=480) were blocked and stratified by initial body weight (BW) into 4 blocks, and assigned randomly to treatments. Treatments were designed as a 2 x 3 factorial with 3 inclusions of CARS (0, 2.5, 5% of diet DM) and 2 different base diets representing Northern and Southern Great Plains diets. The Southern diets contained steam flaked corn and dry distillers grains while the Northern diets had dry rolled and high moisture corn with wet distillers grains. CARS replaced corn in both diets. All blocks were harvested after 148 days on feed. Performance data were analyzed as a randomized block design with CARS inclusion, base diet, and interactions as fixed effects, BW block as a random effect and pen (n=48) as the experimental unit. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test linear and quadratic effects of CARS inclusion. There were no significant interactions between CARS inclusion and diet type (P ≥ 0.49). Main effects of CARS indicated positive quadratic responses for carcass adjusted ADG, G:F, 12th rib back fat, yield grade (P < 0.01; increasing to 2.5% inclusion, decreasing at 5%) and hot carcass weight was both linear and quadratic (P ≤ 0.01 and P ≥ 0.06 respectively; 969, 977, 935 as CARS increased). Linear decrease in DMI, final adjusted BW and ribeye area (P ≤ 0.01) as CARS increased. Cattle fed the Southern diets had greater ADG and G:F compared to Northern diets (P < 0.01). Including 2.5% CARS in the diet improved feed efficiency in both Northern and Southern based feedlot diets.

scholarly journals Standardized ileal digestible (SID) isoleucine requirement of barrows (15- to 30- kg) fed low crude protein diets

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 3283
Author(s):  
Doglas Batista Lazzeri ◽  
Leandro Dalcin Castilha ◽  
Patrícia Barcellos Costa ◽  
Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽  
Magali Soares dos Santos Pozza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Protein Diets

This study aimed to determine the SID isoleucine (Ile) requirement of starting barrows fed low crude protein. Two experiments were carried out. Experiment 1: Ten crossbred barrows were used in order to determine the SID AA of the basal diet (treatment with the lowest SID Ile level used in the growth performance experiment), averaging 15.00 ± 0.27 kg of initial weight, individually housed in metabolic cages and allotted in a complete randomized design, with two treatments, five replicates and one animal per experimental unit. Treatments consisted of a basal (14.13% CP and 0.450% of SID Ile) and a free protein diet. Experiment 2: A performance experiment was carried out to determine the SID Ile requirement when using low crude protein diets. Forty crossbred barrows were used, averaging 15.00 ± 0.87 kg of initial weight and distributed in a randomized block design with five treatments (0.450, 0.520, 0.590, 0.660 and 0.730% of SID Ile) and two animals per experimental unit. The average daily gain (ADG) (P=0.049) and protein deposition (P=0.01) were affected by the studied SID Ile levels. The daily need of SID Ile was estimated at 5.9 g when considering 0.61% as the optimum level of SID Ile in the diet for an improved ADG and protein deposition.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Symbiotic and Acidifier on Growth Performance and Nutrients Digestibility in Growing Pigs Crossbreed

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Danung Nur Adli ◽  
Osfar Sjofjan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Nutrients Digestibility

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of dietary probiotic enhanced liquid acidifier combined with mannan-rich fraction on growth performance, nutrients digestibility in growing pigs. Thirty [(Duroc×Yorkshire)×Landrace] pigs with the average initial BW of 36.75±1.57 kg were allocated into three treatments by a randomized complete block design. There were five pens per treatment with six pigs per pen. Dietary treatments include: 1) CON (basal diet); 2) T1 (basal diet+probiotic 0.1%) and 3) T2 (basal diet+probiotic+mannan rich fraction 0.2%). the data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design using of SAS University Version 4.0. The model included the effects of block (replication) and treatment. Pen served as the experimental unit. During the entire experimental period of 6 weeks, results showed that addition of complex probiotic at the level of 0.2% to diet increased ADG significantly (p<0.05). Also, digestibility of DM and N tended to increase. To sum up, results in this experiment indicated that dietary [(probiotik×acidifier)×mannan-rich-fraction]  supplementation had a positive effect on growing pigs performance and nutrient digestibility

PSIII-14 The influence of dietary barley supplementation on American Wagyu feedlot performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 289-289
Author(s):  
Briana V Tangredi ◽  
Meghan P Thorndyke ◽  
Octavio Guimaraes ◽  
Rebecca K Barrington ◽  
Shaniece M Borgerding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Corn Distillers ◽  
Corn Grain

Abstract Eighty-nine American Wagyu steers were used to evaluate the effects of dietary barley supplementation on feedlot performance. We hypothesized that barley supplementation would increase ADG compared to non-supplemented control animals. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design. Steers were blocked by initial body weight (BW) and randomly assigned within block to one of two treatments. Treatments consisted of 1) Control (no supplemental barley) and 2) Control diet + 0.9 kg∙animal-1∙d-1 of supplemental barley. Steers were housed in feedlot pens (all pens contained n = 4 steers/pen with the exception of one Control pen that contained n=5 steers; 11 replicates/treatment; experimental unit = pen) and fed a traditional American Wagyu finishing diet (DM basis: 68.42% DM, 14.33% CP; TDN: 74.76%, NEg: 1.16 Mcal/kg, 5.25% EE) for 270d. The basal diet consisted of grass hay, corn silage, cracked corn grain, soybean meal, corn distillers grain, white salt, ground limestone, and olive byproduct. Diets were fed once daily in the morning and barely was top dressed to the appropriate pens, immediately after the basal diet was delivered. Steers were individually weighed on d -1 and 0, and approximately every 28 days throughout the 270d experiment. Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model (PROC MIXED, SAS) for a completely randomized block design. Initial pen BW was used as a covariate in the statistical analysis of all performance data and significance was determined at P ≤ 0.05. Initial and final BW, ADG, DMI, and feed:gain were similar across treatments. Therefore, under the conditions of this experiment, these data suggest that barley supplementation for 270d to American Wagyu cattle did not impact overall animal performance.

scholarly journals EQUATIONS TO PREDICT THE METABOLIZABLE ENERGY OF MEAT AND BONE MEAL FOR GROWING PIGS

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Araújo Castilho ◽  
Paulo Cesar Pozza ◽  
Newton Tavares Escocard de Oliveira ◽  
Cleiton Pagliari Sangali ◽  
Carolina Natali Langer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dependent Parameter ◽  
Energetic Composition

ABSTRACT The prediction of metabolizable energy (ME) of meat and bone meal (MBM) for pigs is an interesting tool, however, used models to predict these values must be validated in order to garantee higher precision. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical and energetic composition of different types of MBM for pigs and to adjust and validate models to better predict the ME based on the chemical composition. Thirty-two barrows, averaging an initial weight of 26.75 ± 1.45 kg, were individually allotted in a randomized block design with eight treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of seven types of MBM that replaced 20% of the basal diet. A stepwise procedure was the statistical procedure used to adjust the prediction equations and the ME was the dependent parameter. The validation of the adjusted models was performed using an independent databank of chemical and energetic composition of theBrazilian and international MBM. The metabolizable energy of different meat and bone meals ranged from 1645 to 2645 kcal kg-1. The equations that provide a good prediction of metabolizable energy of meat and bone meal for swine in Brazil are EM1 = -4233.58 + 0.4134GE + 72CP + 89.62ash - 159.06Ca; EM2 = 2087.49 + 0.3446GE + 31.82ash - 189.18Ca; EM3 = 2140.13 + 0.3845GE - 112.33Ca; EM4 = -346.58 + 0.656GE; EM5 = 3221.27 + 178.96fat - 76.55ash; and EM6 = 5356.45 - 84.75ash.

scholarly journals PSXI-28 Reducing dietary crude protein and supplementation with amino acids helps mitigate the environmental impacts of growing pigs production determined by the life cycle assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 383-383
Author(s):  
Lucas Antonio C Esteves ◽  
Natália Y Sitanaka ◽  
Alessandra N T R Monteiro ◽  
Suelen M Einsfeld ◽  
Lucas P Bonagurio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate, through life cycle assessment and using experimental data, the environmental impacts of growing pigs’ production (30 to 50 kg) fed diets with reduced crude protein (CP) levels, and supplemented with industrial amino acids. Experiment I (nitrogen and phosphorus balance): 20 crossbred barrows, averaging 31.80 ± 2.39 kg of initial body weight, were housed in metabolic cages and allotted in a randomized block design with four treatments, five replicates and one animal per experimental unit. Experiment II (performance): 44 crossbred barrows, averaging 30.10 ± 0.63 kg of initial body weight, were housed in a randomized block design, with four treatments, 11 replicates and one animal per experimental unit. The treatments for both experiments consisted of four diets containing 18.15, 17.15, 16.15 and 15.15% of CP, and supplemented with industrial amino acids, in order to meet the pig’s requirements of SID amino acids. According to the obtained data (Experiments I and II), the environmental impacts for global warming potential (GWP), acidification potential (AC), eutrophication potential (EU), cumulative energy demand (CED), terrestrial ecotoxicity (TE) and land occupation (LO), per kg of body weight gain, were calculated (CML 2001 method). There was a reduction in some studied environmental impacts as the dietary CP reduced from 18.15 to 15.15%, observing a reduction in the AC from 35.34 to 31.58 g SO2-eq (P = 0.015), there was also a reduction in the EU from 11.90 to 10.31 g PO4-eq (P = 0.001), and the LO was reduced from 2.15 to 1.89 m2-year (P = 0.005), respectively. GWP, CED and TE were not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by the dietary CP reduction, although some variations were observed. It was concluded that the dietary CP reduction, supplementing with industrial amino acids, may help to mitigate the environmental impacts caused by growing pig production for the AC, EU and LO categories.

scholarly journals Method of using increasing levels of substitution of the basal diet by test feedstuffs in pig digestibility trials

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1265-1274
Author(s):  
L.M. Piano ◽  
I. Moreira ◽  
C. Scapinello ◽  
P.L.O. Carvalho ◽  
J.B. Toledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Pig Performance

Two experiments were carried out to study the methodology of using increasing levels of substitution of the basal diet with fibrous test feedstuffs (sticky coffee hull - SCH) in digestibility trials with pigs. In Experiment 1, a digestibility trial was conducted using 30 crossbred barrows, allotted in a randomized block design. In Experiment 2, 42 growing and 42 finishing pigs were used, allotted in a completely randomized design, with six diets and seven replicates, with one animal per experimental unit. The six diets consisted of: a control diet, four diets using SCH ME values as obtained in Experiment 1 plus a diet using SCH ME value estimated by linear regression equation for 15% substitution. The digestibility study indicated that the use of increasing levels of substitution (7, 14, 21 and 28%) reduced SCH digestibility. ME values, as-fed basis, were 2,456, 2,377, 2,247 and 1,945kcal/kg. The overall results indicate that higher levels of substitution overestimate the energy value and that the method of increasing levels of substitution of the basal diet with feedstuffs test can be used to more accurately estimate the energy values of fibrous feedstuffs for pigs. For growing and finishing pigs respectively, up to 28% and 15% of sticky coffee hull can be used without impairing pig performance and economic feasibility.

scholarly journals Organic acids in diets of weaned piglets: performance, digestibility and economical viability

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D.C.V. Boas ◽  
F.E.L. Budiño ◽  
M.A. T. Neto ◽  
A. Schmidt ◽  
J.C. Dadalt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Male Hybrid

ABSTRACT Organic acids are used as feed additives to promote growth of weaned piglets since they prevent the occurrence of diarrhea. Thus, performance and digestibility assays were conducted and economic viability of diets was evaluated. In the performance assays, 64 hybrid piglets weaned with a mean weight of 5.87±0.31kg were divided in a randomized block design consisting of 4 treatments, 8 repetitions and 2 piglets per experimental unit (1 castrated male and 1 female). In the digestibility assay, 24 castrated male hybrid piglets with a mean weight of 8.21±0.79kg were individually assigned to 4 treatments and 6 repetitions. The treatments in the two assays were as follows: control, basal diet without addition of an acidifier; blend: inclusion of 0.5% of a mixture of organic acids; butyrate: inclusion of 0.1% of sodium butyrate; blend+butyrate: inclusion of 0.5% of a mixture of organic acids and 0.1% sodium butyrate. There was no effect (P>0.05) of the acidifiers on animal performance during the period studied. Organic acids exerted no effect (P>0.05) on the apparent digestibility coefficients of nutrients. Diets supplemented with sodium butyrate had an economic advantage for the period of 10-24 days. No episode of diarrhea was observed. This study demonstrated no effect of acidifier feed additives as growth promoters in complex diets for weaned piglets.

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