scholarly journals 76 Does supplemental protein and rumen-protected methionine improve performance and digestibility during late-gestation in beef cows?

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 75-75
Author(s):  
Madeline M Collins ◽  
Michaela K S Lievre ◽  
Kaitlyn V J Lawson ◽  
Ira B Mandell ◽  
Anna-Kate Shoveller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
Supplemental Protein

Abstract Methionine (MET) is likely the first limiting amino acid in low-protein forages fed to beef cattle during late-gestation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if supplemental protein and rumen-protected MET improve cow performance and apparent tract digestibility (TTD) during late-gestation. This study used 147 late-gestation Angus crossbred cows and heifers in a 3x2 factorial arrangement for dietary treatments. The cattle were randomly assigned to one of six diets formulated to 90, 100 or 110% of metabolizable protein (MP) requirements (NRC, 2016), with (without) 9 g/d of rumen-protected MET (MetaSmart, Adisseo Inc.). These diets were fed for approximately 8 wks before calving. All data was analyzed as a randomized block design using SAS 9.4 PROC GLIMMIX procedure. Cows fed at 90% MP requirements lost body weight (BW), while cows fed at 100% and 110% MP requirements maintained and (or) gained BW over the trial (P = 0.02). Similarly, cows fed at 90% MP requirements lost more pregnancy corrected BW than cows fed at 100% and 110% MP requirements (P = 0.01). However, supplemental MET did not affect body weight gains (P > 0.07). Cows and heifers fed at 90% MP requirements had reduced TTD for crude protein compared to cattle fed to 110% MP requirements (P < 0.001), MET supplementation did not impact TTD (P > 0.20). Additionally, cattle fed at 90% MP requirements had increased serum cholesterol and reduced urea concentrations compared to cows fed to 100% and 110% MP requirements (P < 0.0001). MET supplementation increased serum concentrations for glucose, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, serine, threonine and valine (P < 0.02). Calf birth weights were not significantly impacted by dietary treatment (P > 0.31). Feeding cows above their MP requirements may improve late-gestation performance and CP digestibility. Supplemental MET may increase amino acid utilization but did not improve beef cow performance or digestibility parameters measured in late-gestation.

Effects of Feeding Graded Levels of Black Spruce Needles and Branches on Beef Cow Performance and Health During Mid to Late Gestation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Lafreniere ◽  
Robert Berthiaume ◽  
Leo Giesen ◽  
Cheryl Campbell ◽  
Dale Gardner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Cow Performance

Pregnant beef cows (56; 727 ± 102 kg BW) in second trimester were used to examine black spruce (BSP) needles and branches for replacing alfalfa silage in wintering cow diets. Five dietary treatments assessed BSP inclusion rates (0, 15, 22.5, 30, 37.5% in the diet) for 92 days up until 2 weeks before start of calving using a randomized complete block design (10-12 cows/treatment). There were linear decreases (P < 0.001) in total weight gain, average daily gain (ADG) and dry matter intakes (DMI) as amounts of dietary BSP increased. Low DMI feeding BSP may be attributed to palatability issues and lower rates of digestion. Changes in body condition score (BCS) increased(P < 0.003) as dietary BSP increased. These effects are supported by corresponding linear decreases (P < 0.001) for changes in rump fat cover and increases (P < 0.001) in serum non-esterified fatty acids as dietary BSP increased. Post-feeding of test diets, there were no dietary treatment differences (P > 0.42) for calf birth and weaning weights and cow pregnancy and culling rates. Based on this study, incorporation of BSP into gestating cow diets cannot be recommended.

scholarly journals 398 Effects of protein level and supplemental methionine in late-gestation on colostrum quality and passive immunity transfer in beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
Michaela K S Lievre ◽  
Madeline M Collins ◽  
Kaitlyn V J Lawson ◽  
Douglas C Hodgins ◽  
John P Cant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Colostrum Sample ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of metabolizable protein (MP) level and supplemental rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on colostrum quality and passive immunity transfer from beef cows fed during late-gestation. One hundred and forty-seven pregnant Angus crossbred cows and heifers were randomly assigned to one of six dietary treatments based on a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement. Diets included feeding to 90%, 100% and 110% MP requirements (NRC, 2016), offered with (without) 9 g/d of RPM. Cattle were individually fed a partially mixed ration (60% haylage/40% straw for cows; 70% haylage/30% straw for heifers) with supplements top-dressed daily for approximately 56 d prior to calving. Immediately after calving, a colostrum sample was collected from each dam for analysis of milk components, total protein, and IgG concentrations. Two d post-calving, serum samples were collected from each calf for analysis of total protein and IgG concentrations. A refractometer was used to estimate total protein as a preliminary estimate of the transfer of maternal IgG and total IgG concentrations were later determined using Radial Immunodiffusion (RID). Data were analyzed as a completely randomized block design using Proc GLIMMIX in SAS. Level of MP, RPM, and their interaction did not influence concentrations of fat, protein, BHB or SCC in colostrum (P ≥ 0.12). Supplementation of RPM decreased concentrations of MUN (45.92 vs. 54.51 ±3.17 mg/dl; P = 0.04), but did not change IgG (14.66 vs. 15.90 ±0.87 g/dl; P = 0.29). While MP level during gestation did not affect total protein or IgG concentrations in calf serum (P ≥ 0.64), providing supplemental RPM decreased total protein (5.79 vs. 6.33 ±0.13 g/dl; P = 0.002) and IgG concentrations in calf serum (3.44 vs. 4.30 ±0.25 g/dl; P = 0.01). These results suggest that providing supplemental methionine for beef cows during gestation may alter colostrum quality and decrease serum protein and IgG in offspring.

528 Late-Breaking: Late Gestation Metabolizable Energy Intake Increases Colostrum Yield and Alters Colostrum Composition in Beef Cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 150-150
Author(s):  
Koryn S Hare ◽  
Emily Croft ◽  
Katharine M Wood ◽  
Michael A Steele
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Compositional Analysis ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Milking Machine ◽  
Beta Hydroxybutyrate

Abstract The objective was to determine how late gestation metabolizable energy (ME) intake impacts beef cow colostrogenesis. Angus-Simmental primiparous (n = 47) and multiparous (n = 109) cattle were blocked by expected calving date and randomly assigned to receive diets that supplied 80% (LME; n = 53), 100% (CME; n = 52), or 120% (HME; n = 51) of the ME requirement. Treatments were balanced by initial BW and fed for 53 d prior to calving. Cow body weight was recorded d -53, -39, -25, -10, and -3 relative to calving and retrospectively conceptus-corrected. Calves were weighed and measured prior to suckling. Colostrum was hand-stripped from all cows for compositional analysis and a subset (n = 16/treatment) was fully milked using a milking machine. Data were analyzed (PROC GLIMMIX) as a randomized block design, including the fixed effects of treatment, parity, and treatment×parity and the random effects of block and cow(block). Day and its interactions were included for repeated measurements. Treatment did not affect (P ≥ 0.73) cow BW or conceptus-corrected BW. Calf chest circumference was lesser (treatment×parity: P = 0.023) for primiparous vs. multiparous calves if their dams consumed LME or CME, but not if their dams consumed HME. Feeding HME rather than LME increased (P = 0.006) colostrum yield. The LME diet increased (P = 0.004) colostrum IgG concentration over HME; however, HME colostrum yielded more (P = 0.005) total IgG. Crude protein and urea-N were elevated (P &lt; 0.001) in LME colostrum, whereas HME colostrum contained more (P = 0.026) lactose. Low ME colostrum fat was greater (P = 0.013) than CME and beta-hydroxybutyrate was increased (P &lt; 0.001) in LME vs. CME and HME colostrum. These data provide insight regarding nutrient partitioning during late gestation and demonstrate that beef cow colostrogenesis is responsive to prepartum ME intake.

scholarly journals Carcass and non-carcass component characteristics of lambs fed with cassava wastewater dregs in replacement of corn

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Barros Cardoso ◽  
Robson Magno Liberal Véras ◽  
Francisco Fernando Ramos de Carvalho ◽  
André Luiz Rodrigues Magalhães ◽  
Gustavo Araújo de Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Feedlot Lambs ◽  
Retail Cuts ◽  
Cassava Wastewater

The objective was to evaluate the effect of the substitution (0, 33, 66 and 100%) of corn by cassava wastewater dregs on carcass characteristics and non-carcass components of crossbred Santa Inês lambs. Forty male sheep, uncastrated with an average initial body weight of 20 ± 1.87 kg and five months of age, were used. These were housed in individual pens in a randomized block design with four treatments and ten repetitions and slaughtered after 70 days of confinement. Quadratic effect (P &lt; 0.05) was observed for the empty body weight (EBW), hot carcass weight (HCW) and cold carcass weight (CCW) and carcass compactness index (CCI), with maximum points of 36.14, 19.45, 20.20 and 0.31 kg cm-1 for the replacement level of corn for cassava wastewater dregs, 50.0, 53.84, 54.04 and 45.45% respectively. There was also an effect (P &lt; 0.05) on the weights of the rumen and “Buchada”, with maximum points of 0.909 and 6.25 kg per replacement level, 49.11 and 51.29% respectively. As for retail cuts, only the efficiency of the leg was altered (P &lt; 0.05), having a linear increase while the other variables were not affected. Cassava wastewater dregs can be used in full as an alternative food in the diet of feedlot lambs without harming the main carcass characteristics and non-carcass components.

scholarly journals Kecernaan Nutrien pada Babi Lokal Periode Pertumbuhan yang Diberi Ransum Mengandung Biji Asam Biokonversi Spontan (NUTRIENTS DIGESTIBILITY IN GROWING LOCAL PIG FED WITH DIET COMPOSED OF SPONTENOUS BIOCONVERTED-TAMARIND SEED)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Redempta Wea ◽  
I Gusti Komang Oka Wirawan ◽  
Bernadete Barek Koten
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Tamarind Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Nutrients Digestibility

A research aimed to evaluate nutrients digestibility in growing local male pig fed spontaneous bioconverted-tamarind seed has been done in animal feed technology laboratory of Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic.The research used 25 local male grower pigs with body weight around 3-6 kg. The study used a randomized block design with five treatments, i.e. R0 = ration using tamarind seeds without bioconversion, R1 = ration using spontaneous bioconversion tamarinds for 24 hours, R2 = rations using spontaneous bioconversion tamarinds for 48 hours, R3 = rations using bioconversion tamarinds spontaneous for 72 hours, and R4 = rations using spontaneous bioconversion tamarinds for 96 hours. Each treatment was repeated five times in which each of them used five pigs. Parameters observed were nutrient digestibility (dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and ash). The data were analyzed by using variance and continued by Duncan’s multiple range test to determine the differences between treatments. The results showed that the time of spontaneous bioconversion of tamarind seeds increased the digestibility of tamarind seed nutrients and it was concluded that the best time of spontaneous bioconversion was for 72 hours.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE AND CARCASSES COMPOSITION OF YOUNG PIGS FED RATION WITH PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Wibawa I. M. S. P. ◽  
K. Budaarsa ◽  
I G. Mahardika
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Basic Body ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Addition Level

This study aims at determining the performance and carcasses composition of young female pig which arereared intensively and fed good quality rations and probiotic supplementation Saccharomyces sp. This researchwas conducted at Experimental Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, Udayana University, Bukit, Jimbaran. Thedesign using a randomized block design (RBD) with basic weighting grouping. This design is used randomly groupedin basic body weight. The bali pigs were allocated randomly into four treatments i.e. ration without additionalprobiotics (A), ration with 0.20% additional probiotics (B), ration with 0.25% additional probiotics (C), and rationwith 0.30% additional probiotics (D). The treatments were conducted in 4 times replication so there are 16 pigsand kept in individual pens. The variables observed were the performance and composition of carcass. Based onthe results, ration consumption, additional of body weight, FCR, digestibility rations and carcasses compositionshowed not significant differences. It can be concluded that the additional of probiotics in the ration of youngfemale Bali pigs did not effect to the variable performance and carcass characteristic up to 0.30% addition level.

scholarly journals Undegraded intake protein: Effects on milk production and amino acid utilization by cows fed wheat silage

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Baker ◽  
H. E. Amos ◽  
A. Nelson ◽  
C. C. Williams ◽  
M. A. Froetschel
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Corn Gluten Meal ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Amino Acid Utilization ◽  
Corn Gluten ◽  
Supplemental Protein

Thirty-six Holstein cows in second or later lactation were used in a 63-d completely randomized block design to determine the effects of RUP source on milk production, composition, and estimated AA uptake by the mammary gland. Cows were divided into 12 blocks of three cows each based on DIM (54.5 d) and milk production. Treatments were 1) soybean meal; 2) treated SBM; and 3) supplemental protein from TSBM, corn gluten meal, and Menhaden fish meal with each protein supplying equal amounts of CP. Mean DMI was greater for cows fed supplemental RUP. Intake of RUP was increased by 0.5 and 0.4 kg d−1, respectively, for treatments 2 and 3. The NEL intake was greater for cows fed treatment 3 than for those fed treatment 2. RUP supplementation increased BW accretion and milk production. Milk composition was unaffected except for lactose, which was higher for milk from treatment 3 than for milk from treatment 2. Extraction efficiencies of AA indicated that the supply of Met and Lys to the mammary gland was first and second limiting for cows receiving treatments 1 and 2 but colimiting for cows fed treatment 3. Results indicate performance differences related to RUP sources and specifically the amounts of Lys and Met available for metabolism. Key words: Undegraded protein sources, amino acids, milk yield, dairy cows

scholarly journals Effect of high crude fibre feed towards digestive tract characteristics of crossbreed native chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 05007
Author(s):  
Yusti Pujiawati ◽  
Ida Ayu Putu Parwati ◽  
I Nyoman Suyasa
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Native Chicken ◽  
Grower Diet

This research was aimed to evaluate the use of high crude fibre feed on the characteristic of the native chicken digestive tracts. The research was conducted in Tembuku District, Bangli Regency in April-August 2020. There were four treatments starter diets included P0 (control), P1 (70% control feed+30% rice bran), P2 (70% control feed+30%+ Bio B 2cc/l drinking water), P3 (60% control feed+10% Indigofera meal+30% rice bran), while four treatment grower diet included P0 (25% control feed+35% rice bran+40% corn), P1 (15% control feed+35% rice bran+10% Indigofera meal+40% corn), P2 (15% control feed+35% rice bran+10% Indigofera meal+40% corn+2cc/l Bio-B), and P3 (22% control feed+31.5% rice bran+10% Indigofera meal+36.5% corn). The variables observed included final body weight, digestive tract weight, and digestive tract length. A factorial randomized block design was used in this study with univariate analysis and further Duncan test. This study showed that high crude fibre feed affected the digestive tract, such as the weight of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, liver, pancreas, proventriculus. This also occurred in the parameters of the length of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon.

scholarly journals Substitution of the Fermented Cocoa Pod Waste in to the Grass Based Diet on Performance of Bligon Goat

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Engkus Ainul Yakin ◽  
Sri Sukaryani ◽  
Catur Suci Purwati
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Experimental Treatments

This experiment was aimed to evaluate the effect of fermented cocoa pod as feed for Bligon goats. Sixteen Bligon goat with a body weight of 11-13 kg were put into individual cages which were equipped with feed and drink containers. The study design used a randomized block design, where initial body weight in as peragam with four treatments and four replications. Fermented cocoa pod used Trametes versicolor. The experimental treatments were T1= 30% of fresh king grass + 50% of dried king grass + 20% of concentrate; T2= 30% of fresh king grass + 30% of dried king grass + 40% of concentrate; T3= 30% of fresh king grass + 30% of cocoa pod + 40% of concentrate; and T4= 30% of fresh king grass + 30% of cocoa pod fermented + 40% of concentrate. Observed variables were feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion. The result showed that fermented cocoa pod at the level of 30% had higher (P<0.05) infeed intake (560.33 g day-1), body weight gain (101.79 g head-1day-1), and feed conversion (5.50) compared to other treatments. The conclusion of this study were the use of 30% cocoa pod fermented in the ration showed the best body weight gain and feed conversion on Bligon goat performance. 

scholarly journals Pengujian Beberapa Rodentisida Nabati Terhadap Tikus Sawah (Rattus Argentiventer Robb And Kloss) di Laboratorium

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Welisari Purba ◽  
Suzanna Fitriany Sitepu ◽  
Lahmuddin Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Castor Seed ◽  
Tobacco Leaf ◽  
Weight Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Tikus sawah (Rattus argentiventer Robb and Kloss) merupakan salah satu hama penting pada tanaman padi. Kerusakan akibat serangan tikus pada tanaman padi di Indonesia mencapai kerugian sebesar 15¬20% setiap tahunnya.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji adanya pengaruh pemberian beberapa rodentisida nabati terhadap mortalitas tikus sawah (R.argentiventer) di laboratorium. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pengendalian Hama Vertebrata (LPHV) Balai Besar Perbenihan dan Proteksi Tanaman Perkebunan (B2P2TP), Medan dari bulan Maret sampai April 2016. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non faktorial dengan 5 perlakuan yaitu perlakuan P0 (kontrol), P1 (umbi gadung), P2 (daun tembakau), P3 (biji jarak), P4 (daun babadotan) dengan konsentrasi 30% yang masing-masing diulang sebanyak empat kali. Pengamatan meliputi bobot badan tikus, tingkat konsumsi pakan umpan dan persentase mortalitas tikus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan bobot badan tikus tertinggi pada perlakuan P2 (-3,37gr) dan terendah P4 (-0,37gr). Tingkat konsumsi pakan umpan tertinggi yaitu pada perlakuan P1 (8,22) gr dan terendah perlakuan P2 (1,07gr). Mortalitas tertinggi yaitu pada perlakuan P1 (100%) dan terendah P3 (25%). The ricefield rat (Rattus argentiventer Robb and Kloss) is one of the important pests on rice fields. The damage caused by rats in rice fields in Indonesia reaches a loss of 15.20% every year. This study aims to examine the effect of the addition of several phyto-rodenticides on the rat mortality of rice fields (R. argentiventer) in the laboratory. The experimental design used was a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 5 treatments, such as treatment P0 (control ), P1 (gadung tuber), P2 (tobacco leaf), P3 (castor seed), P4 (babadotan leaf) with a concentration of 30% which was repeated four times respectively. Observations included rat body weight, level of feed intake and percentage of rat mortality. The results showed that the highest reduction in rat body weight was in the treatment of P2 (-3.37 g) and the lowest was in the treatment of P4 (-0.37 g). The highest level of feed intake was in the treatment of P1 (8.22 g) and the lowest was in the treatment of P2 (1.07 g). The highest mortality was in the treatment of P1 (100%) and the lowest was in the treatment of P3 (25%).

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