Communication in the context of cancer as a chronic disease

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patsy Yates
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Reflective Listening ◽  
Optimal Outcomes ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
Living With Cancer

Changes in cancer treatment and improved survival rates mean that cancer is often experienced as a chronic condition. This chapter draws on contemporary models of chronic disease management, which define the capabilities required to promote self-management and identify the specific communication practices that achieve optimal outcomes for individuals living with a long-term condition. These capabilities require health professionals to provide person-centred care and achieve individual behavioural as well as organizational/system change. Communication skills which reflect these capabilities in practice include open questions and reflective listening, empathy and sensitivity to patient needs, and sharing of information. Communication skills to support motivational interviewing, collaborative problem identification, and organizational change, including communicating within a multidisciplinary team, are critical to achieving optimal outcomes for people living with cancer. These communication practices enable the patient to be a partner as they adjust to new health challenges, and a changed social and psychological context.

scholarly journals The Manifestation of Socio-Cultural Components in the Informal Oral Communication Practices of the Teaching and Non-Teaching Personnel in the Philippines: An Ethnographic Inquiry

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Ruby D. Tagocon ◽  
Ismael N. Talili
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
Voice Tone ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
Cultural Components

Communication is immensely dynamic in the 21st century as evidenced by the fast-changing communication mechanisms. However, global trends show that oral communication skills are still considered among the most desired skills that employers are seeking in the workplace. Thus, there is a need to explore the manifestation of the socio-cultural components of the personnel, namely: behavior, attitude, and etiquette in their oral communication practices particularly the informal manner, as the components bear a significance when they engage in such form of communication interaction.  Direct observations of thirty-eight episodes of the teaching and non-teaching interactions of the personnel were noted followed by a Focus Group Discussion with seven selected personnel that validated the results of the observed manifestation of their  socio-cultural components and likewise explored other underlying factors that shaped and developed their socio-cultural components. Behavior (facial expressions) and etiquette (voice tone) components mainly dominated in their interactions, yet the attitude component is also significant to them. The manifestation of these components is situational given their respective upbringing during childhood as a major perceived aspect that established these components. A desirable manifestation of these components is encouraged when engaging in informal oral communication interactions so to become a competent communicator in the workplace.

scholarly journals Advances in the management of craniopharyngioma in children and adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojca Jensterle ◽  
Soncka Jazbinsek ◽  
Roman Bosnjak ◽  
Mara Popovic ◽  
Lorna Zadravec Zaletel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rates ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Optimal Outcomes ◽  
Parasellar Region ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Considerable Controversy

Abstract Background Childhood and adult-onset craniopharyngioma is a rare embryogenic tumor of the sellar, suprasellar, and parasellar region. Survival rates are high; however, tumor location and treatment sequalae including endocrine deficits, visual impairment, metabolic complications, cognitive and psychosocial deficits can significantly impair patient’s quality of life. There is considerable controversy regarding the optimal management of craniopharyngiomas. Subtotal resection of the tumor followed by targeted irradiation to avoid further hypothalamic damage is currently indicated. Novel insights in the tumor’s molecular pathology present the possibility for targeted therapy possibly decreasing the rate and severity of treatment-associated morbidity. Conclusions Craniopharyngioma should be seen as a chronic disease. To achieve optimal outcomes a multidisciplinary team of specialized neurosurgeons, neuro-radiologists, neuro-oncologists, pathologists and endocrinologists should be involved in the diagnosis, planning of the surgery, irradiation and long-term follow-up.

Principles of Communication Skills Training in Cancer Care across the Life Span and Illness Trajectory

2021 ◽  
pp. 791-798
Author(s):  
David W. Kissane ◽  
Carma L. Bylund
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Core Curriculum ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Communication Skills Training ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
Question Prompt

Evidence is growing that communication skills training can help clinicians to become more empathic and use open questions in a patient-centered manner. More work is needed to see these gains translate into improved patient outcomes. A core curriculum has matured as a conventional component of training in cancer care. Strong evidence supports the use of question prompt lists, decision aids, and audio recording of important consultations for later review by the patient and family. Gains are being made with communication challenges such as discussing internet-derived information. Patient training about optimizing their communication has started to complete the reciprocal interaction.

Can Communication Skills Training Alter Physicians’ Beliefs and Behavior in Clinics?

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 765-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Jenkins ◽  
Lesley Fallowfield
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Communication Skills Training ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Communication Behaviors ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Affective Components

PURPOSE: To measure the psychosocial attitudes and beliefs of physicians working within oncology in the United Kingdom and to examine whether beliefs alter after communication skills training. Additionally, to investigate whether physicians’ attitudes are reflected in communication behaviors with patients during interviews. METHODS: Ninety-three physicians completed a 32-item Physician Psychosocial Belief (PPSB) questionnaire at baseline (T1) before randomization to attendance at a 3-day residential communication skills course (n = 48) or a control group (n = 45). Three months later (T2), both groups completed another PPSB and a self-assessment questionnaire recording perceived changes in communication with patients. At both time points, physicians’ consultations with two consenting patients were videotaped. Communication behaviors were measured using the Medical Interaction Processing System. RESULTS: Physicians who attended the course showed significantly improved attitudes and beliefs toward psychosocial issues compared with controls (P = .002). This improvement was reflected in the analysis of the videotaped recordings of their communication behaviors with patients. Expressions of empathy were more likely for the course group at T2 than the controls (P = .02), as were open questions (P = .001), appropriate responses to patient cues (P = .005), and psychosocial probing (P = .041). These objective findings were supported by physicians’ self report of changes in communication style during interviews with patients. CONCLUSION: Our results show that a communication skills training intervention using behavioral, cognitive, and affective components not only increases potentially beneficial and more effective interviewing styles but can also alter attitudes and beliefs, thus increasing the likelihood that such skills will be used in the clinical setting.

scholarly journals The Morbidity and Mortality Conference: A Unique Opportunity for Teaching Empathic Communication

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil S. Prose ◽  
Haywood Brown ◽  
Gwendolyn Murphy ◽  
Angel Nieves
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Doctor Patient Communication ◽  
Reflective Listening ◽  
American Medicine ◽  
Empathic Communication ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality Conference ◽  
Mortality Conference

Abstract Background The morbidity and mortality conference is an educational tradition in American medicine that dates to the early 20th century. Traditionally, this conference has focused entirely on issues of diagnosis and treatment, in the context of a disappointing clinical outcome. Intervention We report on a new method for teaching empathic doctor-patient communication skills at an obstetrics and gynecology morbidity and mortality conference. For each case presented, we identified the communications challenges and allowed faculty and residents to “practice” the discussion they would have with the patient and the patient's family in that situation. In some sessions, actors assumed the role of the patient. Following the discussion of the case, we offered didactic presentations on how we communicate with patients and their families. These focused on techniques for being patient centered and included the use of body language, open-ended questioning, reflective listening before offering to explain, and the importance of naming and validating emotions. Results The majority of participants felt the sessions to be helpful, and after one month many were able to identify a positive change in their interactions with patients. Conclusions We believe that this unique teaching format allows learners to refine their communication skills in the context of situations that they know to be both realistic and important.

scholarly journals Auswirkungen der Pflege eines Partners auf Partnerschaft und Sexualität

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-116
Author(s):  
Ralph-Michael Karrasch ◽  
Monika Reichert
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Sexual Problems ◽  
The Relationship

This study shows that caregiving for a spouse with a chronic disease or disability can be a difficult task in many ways and can have a negative impact (e.g. lack of intimacity, sexual problems) on the quality of the relationship between the couple. With regard to sexual problems, for example, insufficient ways to handle sexual dysfunction of the (male) partner, the avoidance of talking about sexuality, a misleading perception of each other’s sexual needs and jealousy can be experienced as especially burdensome. As a consequence, very often caregivers and care receivers report a lower marital satisfaction compared to the time before the caregiving situation set in. In order to reduce the negative impact caregiving may have on the partnership, changes in everyday life and in the relationship have to be accepted and, adequate coping strategies have to be used or learned, respectively (e.g. improvement of verbal communication skills). Zusammenfassung: Diese Studie zeigt, dass die Pflege eines Partners mit chronischer Erkrankung oder Einschränkung in vielerlei Hinsicht eine schwierige Aufgabe darstellt und negative Auswirkungen – wie einen Mangel an Zärtlichkeit oder sexuelle Probleme – auf die Partnerschaftsqualität haben kann. In Hinblick auf sexuelle Probleme können unzureichende Wege mit sexueller Dysfunktion des (männlichen) Partners umzugehen, das Vermeiden von Gesprächen über Sexualität, eine irreführende Wahrnehmung der gegenseitigen sexuellen Bedürfnisse und Eifersucht als besonders belastend erlebt werden. Als Folge berichten Pflegende und Gepflegte über eine geringere Zufriedenheit mit der Partnerschaft als in der Zeit, bevor die Pflegesituation auftrat. Um die möglichen negativen Auswirkungen einer Pflegesituation auf die Partnerschaft zu verringern, müssen Veränderungen im alltäglichen Leben und in der Partnerschaft besser angenommen und adäquate Bewältigungsstrategien wie z.B. eine Verbesserung der verbalen Kommunikation genutzt bzw. erlernt werden.

scholarly journals Communicating for Systemic Change

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Jonathan Oosterman
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Systemic Change ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
The Social ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
Climate Crisis ◽  
Shed Light

The climate crisis significantly magnifies the urgency of implementing systemic change. Globally, we have little time remaining in which to bring about the social, political, and economic transformation needed to avoid triggering amplifying feedbacks and runaway climate chaos. In this context, a core challenge is how to mobilise people and inspire widespread action to create this transformation. Understanding current approaches to climate communication is crucial for ensuring that our communication practices play the vital role they will need to in the coming decades. In this article, I do not aim to provide a comprehensive set of guidelines that define effective climate communication. My primary aim is to understand current communication practices. To achieve this, I take a movement-centred activist-scholarship approach to research on climate communication decision-making via in-depth semi-structured interviews with 14 members of the New Zealand climate movement. My intent is to synthesise the perspectives and experiences of New Zealand climate movement participants. Through this, I hope to offer a useful analysis of significant dynamics in climate communication and shed light on dynamics in systemic change communication more broadly.  

Methods for Assessing Journalistic Decisions, Advocacy Strategies, and Climate Change Communication Practices

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senja Post
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Climate Change Communication ◽  
Communication Behaviors ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
The Future ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
Advocacy Strategies ◽  
Diverse Groups

Research in the field of journalistic decisions, advocacy strategies, and communication practices is very heterogeneous, comprising diverse groups of actors and research questions. Not surprisingly, various methods have been applied to assess actors’ motives, strategies, intentions, and communication behaviors. This article provides an overview of the most common methods applied—i.e., qualitative and quantitative approaches to textual analyses, interviewing techniques, observational and experimental research. After discussing the major strengths and weaknesses of each method, an outlook on future research is given. One challenge of the future study of climate change communication will be to account for its dynamics, with various actors reacting to one another in their public communication. To better approximate such dynamics in the future, more longitudinal research will be needed.

Climate Change Communication in Germany

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike S. Schäfer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Political History ◽  
Climate Change Communication ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
The Public ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
Policy Agendas

Climate change communication has a long history in Germany, where the so-called “climate catastrophe” has received widespread public attention from the 1980s onwards. The article reviews climate change communication and the respective research in the country over the last decades. First, it provides a socio-political history of climate change communication in Germany. It shows how scientists were successful in setting the issue on the public and policy agendas early on, how politicians and the media emphasized the climate change threat, how corporations abstained from interventions into the debate and how skeptical voices, as a result, remained marginalized. Second, the article reviews scholarship on climate change communication in Germany. It shows how research on the issue has expanded since the mid-2000s, highlights major strands and results, as well as open questions and ongoing debates.

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