What Structural Injustice Is

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-115
Author(s):  
Madison Powers
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structural Theory ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
The Social ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Structural Theories

This chapter examines what makes a theory of justice a structural theory. Four key features of structural theories are surveyed in order to show what is distinctive about our theory. First, structural theories differ in their inventory of unjust impacts traceable to structural influences. Second, they vary in their understanding of the primary structural components having the relevant impact. Third, they diverge in the social groups selected for special scrutiny. Fourth, they differ in background assumptions regarding the circumstances to which they apply. Our theory applies to social arrangements that have a profound, pervasive, asymmetric, and near-inescapable impact on core elements of well-being of social groups. Social groups are defined by their relative position within the nexus of power and advantage. This nexus occurs in circumstances involving identifiable agents of injustice whose wrongful conduct is manifested in their roles in creating or sustaining injustices.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL BELONGING AND CHANGES IN LIFESTYLE FOR WOMEN IN FITNESS: CASE STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Čuprika ◽  
Andra Fernāte ◽  
Leonīds Čupriks
Keyword(s):  
Structural Component ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Promotion Programme ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Belonging

Fitness as a healthy lifestyle implementation helps to improve the social, mental and physical well-being components. Several scientists have indicated that there is a connection between social belonging and physical activity (PA) as the structural component of a healthy lifestyle (Walseth, 2006; Walseth & Fasting, 2004; Antonsich, 2010; Yuval-Davis, 2006; Anthias, 2006; Pinquart & Sorensen, 2001; Everard et. al., 2000). That is why the goal of the research is to develop and apply a social belonging promotion programme for women in fitness programme and to determine the changes in the lifestyle structural component health promoting PA. 10 women involved in fitness classes in small groups (2-4 people) participated in the case study, where in addition to PA social belonging promotion events were organized for all women together. In order to evaluate the structural components of social belonging and PA level and type, questionnaires adapted in Latvia and a semi-structured interview was used. Applying the social belonging promotion programme for women in fitness creates statistically significant changes in such structural components as sense of commitment (p<0.01), perception of interpersonal relations (p<0.01). By additionally promoting social belonging in fitness, women perceive the group better, are willing to spend more time with it; that, in turn, positively affects the willingness to be physically and socially active on a daily basis.

The Great Illusion: Ignorance, Informational Cascades, and the Persistence of Unpopular Norms

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Bicchieri ◽  
Yoshitaka Fukui
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Informational Cascades ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Choices

Norms of discrimination against women and blacks, norms of revenge still alive in some Mediterranean countries, and norms that everybody dislikes and tries to circumvent, such as the invisible norms of reciprocity that hold among the Iks studied by Turnbull, are all examples of unpopular and inefficient norms that often persist in spite of their being disliked as well as being obviously inefficient from a social or economic viewpoint. The world of business is not immune to this problem. In all those countries in which corruption is endemic, bribing public officials to get lucrative contracts is the norm, but it is often true that such a norm is disliked by many, and that it may lead to highly inefficient social outcomes (Bicchieri and Rovelli 1995).From a functionalist viewpoint such norms are anomalous, since they do not seem to fulfill any beneficial role for society at large or even for the social groups involved in sustaining the norm. In many cases it would be possible to gain in efficiency by eliminating, say, norms of racial discrimination, in that it would be possible to increase the well-being of a racial minority without harming the rest of society. To social scientists who equate persistence with efficiency, the permanence of inefficient norms thus presents an anomaly. They rest their case on two claims: when a norm is inefficient, sooner or later this fact will become evident. And evidence of inefficiency will induce quick changes in the individual choices that sustain the norm. That is, no opportunity for social improvement remains unexploited for long. Unfortunately, all too often this is not the case, and this is not because people mistakenly believe inefficient norms to be good or efficient.

scholarly journals Conceptosphere of Regional Identity in Young People as Marker of Personal Relation with Territory of Residence

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Maksimova ◽  
R.A. Valiyev ◽  
N.B. Ruzhentseva ◽  
T.V. Valiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Sverdlovsk Oblast ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Personal Relation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
The Relationship

One of the obviously understudied aspects of psychological well-being is one’s personal relation with their territory of residence, as even in the modern world the region of residence has a significant impact on young people's identity. Any malfunctions in the relationship between one’s personality and the social world result in personality disorders. Regional identity is a concept that reflects one’s conscious positive attitude towards the region of his/her residence. The paper explores the person’s image of the world captured in individual, territory-oriented units — concepts that form the conceptosphere of the resident’s regional identity. The analysis of the structure of the conceptosphere will help reveal the most significant categories of regional symbols for the young people. The aim of the study is to reveal the structure of the conceptosphere of regional identity in young people (with Sverdlovsk region students as an example) basing on the interpretation of separate concepts as well as of concept groups. The task of revealing and describing the structural components of the conceptosphere of regional identity of the Sverdlovsk Oblast resident was solved using a survey of 73 subjects aged 18 to 21 years. The subjects were asked to name 10 words-concepts that, in their opinion, characterize Sverdlovsk Oblast most fully and to range them according to their significance. Exploratory factor analysis was then used to reveal the structural components. As it was found, the structure of the conceptosphere of regional identity can be described with five components. The paper provides an empirical description of the following components in relation to regional identity in Sverdlovsk Oblast students: mythological-religious, existential, historical, natural, and value-based.

Poverty, Wealth, and Well-Being

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Social Relation ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Good Citizenship ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Rich

In the fifth and fourth centuries BC Athenian ideas about poverty were ideologically charged. The poor were contrasted with the rich and found, for the most part, to be both materially and morally deficient. Reflecting ideas about labour, leisure, and good citizenship, the ‘poor’ were considered to be not only those who were destitute, or those who were living at the borders of subsistence, but also those who were moderately well off but had to work for a living. Defined this way, this group covered around 99% of the population of Athens. This book sets out to rethink what it meant to be poor in a world where poverty was understood as the need to work for a living. It explores the discourses that constructed poverty as something to fear and links these with experiences of penia (poverty) among different social groups in Athens. Drawing on poverty research within the social sciences, it argues that poverty in democratic Athens should not necessarily be seen in terms of these elitist ideological categories, nor indeed only as an economic condition (the state of having no wealth), but in terms of social relations, capabilities, and well-being. The volume, therefore, provides a critical reassessment of poverty in democratic Athens which is in line with debates in contemporary poverty research. It develops a framework to analyse the complexities of poverty as a social relation as well as exploring the discourses that shaped it. Poverty is reframed throughout as being dynamic and multidimensional. In doing so, it provides an assessment of what the poor in Athens—men and women, citizen and non-citizen, slave and free—were able to do or to be.

Food foraging online: Exploring how we choose which recipes to search and share

First Monday ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate G. Blackburn ◽  
Jonnie Hontanosas ◽  
Kinda Nahas ◽  
Karishma Bajaj ◽  
Rachel Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Topic Modeling ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
The Social ◽  
Food Patterns

Lifestyle and personality can often be discovered through daily food choices. For instance, influence through social groups, food documentaries or the desire for fitness/weight loss can often create a shift in people’s food choices. These changes in diet can highlight important life events, an overall lifestyle change or an individual’s culture. One way to study people’s cultural food patterns is to study the language they use to share recipes. This is especially important as new recipes can now be discovered with the click of a button as opposed to traditional recipe books, creating online recipe sharing communities. Users can share their most personal or newly learned recipes as well as create a dialogue of feedback or suggestions. Given that food is a major component of our physical and emotional well-being, the focus of this research was to investigate food communication among online communities. In study 1, topic modeling analysis was performed on recipes taken from the popular social networking sites allrecipes.com (N = 32,944) to identify 11 major themes around the consumption of food. Next, study 2, a replication study, used identical topic modeling analysis on the SNS food.com (N = 190,808) to identify 13 themes. Implications of these groupings, as well as the social and personal settings users reported trying the recipes, are discussed, along with limitations and suggestions for further study.

Doing Bodhisattva’s Work

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-32
Author(s):  
Le Hoang Anh Thu
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The State ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
The Social

This paper explores the charitable work of Buddhist women who work as petty traders in Hồ Chí Minh City. By focusing on the social interaction between givers and recipients, it examines the traders’ class identity, their perception of social stratification, and their relationship with the state. Charitable work reveals the petty traders’ negotiations with the state and with other social groups to define their moral and social status in Vietnam’s society. These negotiations contribute to their self-identification as a moral social class and to their perception of trade as ethical labor.

Main Forms of Propagandistic Activities of the Right-Wing Parties (1904–1914)

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 656-676
Author(s):  
Igor V. Omeliyanchuk
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines the main forms and methods of agitation and propagandistic activities of monarchic parties in Russia in the beginning of the 20th century. Among them the author singles out such ones as periodical press, publication of books, brochures and flyers, organization of manifestations, religious processions, public prayers and funeral services, sending deputations to the monarch, organization of public lectures and readings for the people, as well as various philanthropic events. Using various forms of propagandistic activities the monarchists aspired to embrace all social groups and classes of the population in order to organize all-class and all-estate political movement in support of the autocracy. While they gained certain success in promoting their ideology, the Rights, nevertheless, lost to their adversaries from the radical opposition camp, as the monarchists constrained by their conservative ideology, could not promise immediate social and political changes to the population, and that fact was excessively used by their opponents. Moreover, the ideological paradigm of the Right camp expressed in the “Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationality” formula no longer agreed with the social and economic realities of Russia due to modernization processes that were underway in the country from the middle of the 19th century.

Entrepreneurial Education - a New Challenge for Universities in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Gabriel Croitoru ◽  
Mircea Constantin Duica ◽  
Dorin Claudiu Manolache ◽  
Mihaela Ancuta Banu
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Thinking ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Entrepreneurial spirit plays an increasingly important role in the economic sphere, and universities are meant to play a central role in this process, where the main objective is the continuous development and mediation of the knowledge increasingly geared to the applications through innovation and patenting a secure platform for employment and well-being growth. The Universities have to take a position in if/and how they want to grow into a so-called “University of Entrepreneurship” which is characterized by a high degree of openness to the surrounding society and here we are talking, especially, about, the business sector in Romania. This evolution of expectations for the social role of universities has resulted from increased and recent interest in entrepreneurship and innovation of areas as research and theory of the business environment. The experience gained as teachers indicates that education and entrepreneurship education should include different theories and methodology than those applied in the usual way. The theory of traditional management and microeconomic models could even be a barrier to new thinking and change and, therefore, to the implementation of modern entrepreneurial actions. We want this article to be a source of inspiration for educational institutions and to have a positive contribution to research in business education and to be applicable in business decision-making.

FORGOTTEN EFFECTS IN THE VALUATION OF THE SOCIAL WELL-BEING INDEX IN MEXICO’S SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.G. Alfaro-Calderon ◽  
N.L. Godinez-Reyes ◽  
R. Gomez-Monge ◽  
V. Alfaro-Garcia ◽  
A.M. Gil-Lafuente
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Social
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document