Poverty

2020 ◽  
pp. 207-223
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Government Support ◽  
Medicaid Expansion ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
State Spending ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Conservative View ◽  
Direct Government ◽  
Temporary Assistance ◽  
Chronic Problem

Poverty is a chronic problem in both Texas and California, as it is in the rest of the nation. This chapter analyzes the two states’ competing strategies for addressing it. The Texas Model provides comparatively low levels of direct government support for the poor. The choice is based in part on budget limitations, but more fundamentally on the conservative view that government welfare programs often fail to lift people out of poverty and can foster dependency. California takes a more progressive approach. The state believes that government has a responsibility to provide for those in need and has increased state spending on government programs to assist the poor, including Medicaid expansion, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), aid to the homeless, and more.

Medico-Social Examination: the Modern Aspects of Legal Regulation

10.12737/5942 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Разиньков ◽  
D. Razinkov ◽  
Михайлов ◽  
I. Mikhaylov ◽  
Михайлова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Traditional Classification

In article the legislative base, which is the foundation of functioning of the state system of medical-social examination, is considered and analyzed. The questions of legal regulation of the state activity in the sphere of social policy concerning disabled people are discussed. The methods of sociological research and logical analysis of literature and official normatively-legal papers, being the basis of activity of the system of medico-social examination and sphere of giving to the invalids the equal with other citizens possibilities in realization of constitutional rights and freedoms, public welfare and establishment, are applied to the invalids as the measures of government support. In conclusions the emphasis is placed on need of carrying out radical restructurings for system of medico-social examination. It is offered to modify the existing classification of indexes of health and indexes, related to the health taking into account the socio-economic, climatic and other features; to strength the control of execution of government programs in the medico-social sphere; to modify the traditional classification of groups of disability; to change a way of features accounting of disabled people with various functional violations proceeding from a complex assessment of dysfunction of the neuro-physiological and psycho-physiological statuses; to use the innovative technologies of diagnostics, treatment, rehabilitation in correction of the functional violations with taking in mind not only the nosologic group of disease, but by an individual approach.

scholarly journals Re-engineering business to achieve the requirements of e-government

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Ghassan Qassem Daoud Al Lami
Keyword(s):  
Government Support ◽  
Service Organizations ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Government Project ◽  
Practical Performance ◽  
Direct Government ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
Section Analysis

Achieved success and progress organizations today through the possibility of using available resources are believed to provide broader services to the community, which is reflected based on the formulation and building the organization strategies, and that the acceleration of change necessitated the organizations follow the strategies or modern administrative methods towards the transformation of the application of e-government and one of these business environments methods (strategies) business re-engineering aimed at re-design work of the Organization. Seeks current research to apply the principles of business re-engineering in service organizations environment as the main engine for the application of e-government administrative, and thus contributing to the processes design effectively broader and better services to the community and to provide, was launched this research of practical dilemma is the readiness of Iraqi organizations (represented by the Department of body taxes) for the application of business re-engineering through the availability of key components for the attribution of efforts to restructure and modernize the practical performance for the adoption of e-government project. Find four basic sections includes eating the first of it research methodology (a problem and the rationale and objectives of the research, Planned premise for research, and methods of data collection and analysis) has been allocated for the second section side of knowledge, And interested third section analysis of the practical side, depending on the results of questionnaires to diagnose the views of a number of staffs in the Tax Authority research topic and finally reach the fourth section to a set of conclusions and recommendations, notably the need for direct government support and effective public organizations, and to provide an appropriate environment for the application of e-government, and the launch of the so-called concept of electronic organizations. And work to adopt the approach business re-engineering through the identification of candidate processes for re-engineering to be more important to achieve the objectives of the organization, and the need to use research centers in specialized colleges or Foreign Advisory centers to apply e-government requirements in business field.

The Politics of the Knowledge Economy and the Rise of Populism

2019 ◽  
pp. 216-255
Author(s):  
Torben Iversen ◽  
David Soskice
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The Political ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
First Order ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Political Economic

This chapter considers the “second-order” effects of the transition to the knowledge economy. This means the set of preferences, beliefs, and party allegiances that are crystallizing as a consequence of the political-economic realities brought about by the knowledge economy. Chapter 3 considered “first-order” effects—immediate policy responses reflecting existing political coalitions—and showed that these responses were relatively limited and in most countries, failed to offer much compensation for those who lost out in the collapse of the Fordist economy. This chapter argues that this failure has created the political conditions for the rise of populism. Populism refers to a set of preferences and beliefs that rejects established parties and elites, that sees established politicians as gaming the system to their own advantage, and that at the same time sees the poor as undeserving of government support.

Letter To The Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
Alfred Yankauer
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New England ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Letter To The Editor ◽  
The Rich

Dr. Yankauer wrote: Dr. Marks' point is moot. It has been raised previously in a Pediatrics Commentary. At about the same time a New England practitioner complained that private practice was being ignored in government programs. The question of whether young men finishing their residencies will "go where they are needed" can only be answered by time. The problem is that they are needed just about everywhere (by the rich as well as the poor) because of mounting manpower shortages.3 It is worth mentioning that in urban areas outside of the large cities, where money does not lead to such sharply segregated residential districts and hospital out-patient departments are underdeveloped, practicing pediatricians are virtually the only source of health care.

Government Programs Can Reduce Poverty

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Mark Robert Rank ◽  
Lawrence M. Eppard ◽  
Heather E. Bullock
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Social Welfare Programs ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
The Social

Chapter 15 provides an analysis of the effectiveness of social welfare programs in reducing poverty. Comparing pretransfer with post-transfer rates of poverty across a range of OECD countries demonstrates that poverty can be substantially reduced. The myth that government programs do not work in addressing poverty is simply incorrect. A number of European countries are able to cut their rates of poverty by up to 80 percent as a result of robust social policies aimed at reducing poverty and inequality. In the United States, the Social Security and Medicare programs have been particularly effective in reducing the poverty rate among the elderly population.

The Tax Revolt

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Samuel Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Fortune 500 ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
Short Answer ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Benefits

This chapter looks at state shrinking and tax cutting, describing how political change in capitalism would come to be dominated by a conservative middle class rather than a leftist working class. Why was there going to be a middle-class tax rebellion? The short answer is that most of the taxes under capitalism are paid by two groups: small businesses and rich individuals. Fortune 500 corporations and large banks pay very few taxes; this group can be called monopoly capital because they are entitled, fully legally, to a wide variety of exemptions that they make full use of. Meanwhile, the poor pay very few taxes because they simply do not have the money. Ultimately, small businesses, wealthy individuals, and the middle class are paying a disproportionately large amount of the expenses of the government while receiving a disproportionately small amount of government benefits. This makes those taxpayers resentful of government bureaucrats, welfare programs, and government waste.

Cash Assistance in America: The Role of Race, Politics, and Poverty

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley L. Hardy ◽  
Rhucha Samudra ◽  
Jourdan A. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Safety Net ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
State Spending ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Cash Assistance ◽  
Race Politics ◽  
Black Residents ◽  
Temporary Assistance ◽  
Negative Link

We examine the predictors of state spending on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) cash assistance, which has fallen dramatically since the passage of welfare reform in 1996. Over the 2000s, states allocating 33% or more of their TANF expenditures toward cash assistance are more likely to have higher minimum wages and are more liberal, though with fewer Black residents—both overall and on the TANF caseload. Our preferred empirical specifications suggest a negative link between state basic assistance expenditures—which we use as a measure of cash assistance—and the proportion of Black residents on the state’s TANF caseload. These findings contribute to a longstanding body of research examining the political economy of racial disparities within the welfare system and support further investigation into the mechanisms driving these observed associations. Upon considering the Kerner Commission’s call to reinvest in economically disadvantaged communities, it is important to consider how reform proposals modeled off of TANF may extend to new domains of the American social safety net. Our findings, as well as those of others within the welfare research literature, recommend a closer look at whether and how race operates within systems of devolved authority.

Political Identification and Perceptions of Homelessness: Attributed Causality and Attitudes on Public Policy

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1139-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Pellegrini ◽  
Sergio S. Queirolo ◽  
Victor E. Monarrez ◽  
Dona M. Valenzuela
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Political Identification ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Policy Attitudes

The study investigated relationships between political orientation, causal perceptions of poverty, and attitudes toward government programs for the poor. The test sample of 200 women and 200 men were recruited from introductory psychology classes. In support of hypotheses based on previous research and Weiner's attribution-emotion-action theory, when compared with self-identified Democrats, self-identified Republicans (a) were significantly more inclined to attribute homelessness to internal vs external factors and (b) expressed significantly less favorable attitudes toward publically funded programs for the homeless. Sex differences were nonsignificant. Conceptual-empirical and methodological implications are discussed. Limitations on inferences from these data and directions for inquiry into the development of individual differences in political cognitions and public policy attitudes are considered.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FINANCIAL INCLUSION TERHADAP PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MISKIN DI MEDAN (STUDI KASUS PEMBIAYAAN MIKRO SS II DI BANK SUMUT SYARIAH)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hairatunnisa Nasution ◽  
Yasir Nasution ◽  
Muhammad Yafiz
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Lofty Goal ◽  
Inclusion Theory ◽  
Islamic Economic ◽  
Economic Understanding

This research aims to analyze the financial inclusion towards the empowerment of the poor in Medan through financing Sumut Sejahtera of the Bank Sumut Syariah. More specifically the research aims to know 1) the concept of financial inclusion that is implemented as a means of expanding access to financial services of banks and non-banks, 2) the application of the financial inclusion  Bank Sumut Syariah. Bank Sumt Syariah have significant role in the economic development of the community through a variety of financing micro, Financing of the Sumut Sejahtera. This financing facility has a lofty goal given to the community pre-prosperous society who have a business but not bankable feasibility so as to be worthy of being a customer of the bank, as well a improve people’s lives and help government programs in the framework of poverty reduction. The applicaton of financial inclusion on the financing Sumut Sejahtera of the Bank Sumut Syariah has been very clear benefits in the economic society prosper who enforce the interests for the public good. It is a basic principle in Islamic economic maqashid al-syariah. For financial inclusion theory maqashid al-syariah is one of the logical effort that must be applied as a consequence of the economic understanding of justice on one side and of religious on the other side.

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