Genetic Genealogy

2020 ◽  
pp. 231-260
Author(s):  
Alan McHughen
Keyword(s):  
Data Privacy ◽  
Privacy Policy ◽  
Short List ◽  
Genetic Genealogy ◽  
Dna Test ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
A Company ◽  
Common Misconceptions

We discussed genealogy DNA tests in Chapter 8. Here we focus on some practical matters to aid your engagement with genetic genealogy. We’ll survey which company you might choose for conducting your DNA test(s), explain how to interpret your results, and answer some common questions posed by genetic genealogy beginners (and even by some more advanced practitioners, too). Before seeking a company, identify what you hope to achieve. Different companies offer different types of tests, which reveal different genetic features and answer different questions, so knowing what you want to get from a DNA test will then allow you to choose from a list of companies offering that feature. Once you have a short list of suitable companies, you can choose based on practical criteria—price, convenience, appeal of website and presentation of data, privacy policy, and other factors. When you receive the results, you may want some help in interpreting the data and in identifying “matches,” your close and distant DNA relatives. We’ll also discuss a recommended free site, Gedmatch, and offer help for adoptees and others lacking known biological connections. In the latter half of the chapter we’ll explain some of the arcane terminology and address some common misconceptions encountered in the genetic genealogy community.

scholarly journals Coordination mechanisms in the store opening process

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 482-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Mechanisms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organic Growth ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
A Company ◽  
Opening Process

Purpose – For many retailers organic growth through the opening of new stores is a crucial cornerstone of the business model. The purpose of this paper is to explore the store opening process conducted by retail companies. The research questions cover: first, the role and organisation of the establishment function in charge of the process; second, the activities and functions involved in the process; and third, the coordination mechanisms applied during the process. Design/methodology/approach – This research considers the store opening process as a company-wide project, managed by an establishment function, in which internal functions as well as external suppliers need to be coordinated. A multiple case study of eight retail companies is presented, focusing on the organisation of the establishment function, a mapping of the store opening process and the application of coordination mechanisms. Findings – The role and organisation of the establishment function is described and the store opening process is summarised into 11 main activities to be conducted by either the establishment function or other involved functions. During the store opening process six different coordination mechanisms are utilised, including mutual adjustments and direct supervision, as well as different types of standardisation. Originality/value – This research seeks to improve our understanding for the store opening process and how it can be managed and controlled in an effective manner.

scholarly journals The Value Of Cre In The Formulation And Implementation Process Of Real Estate Strategies In A Company

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
Jan Konowalczuk ◽  
Tomasz Ramian
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Property Values ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Property Value ◽  
Different Types ◽  
A Company

Abstract One of the fundamental ways in which an advantage over competitors can be gained in business is to develop real estate portfolios in such a way that will lead to an increase in market share and value for shareholders. This serves as justification for the formulation and implementation of specific real estate strategies regarding the best manner in which to use CRE, make decisions regarding restructuring, and carry out necessary development projects, taking into account the criteria of: location, time, and procurement options. This paper presents the formulation and realization of real estate strategies, focusing on the use of the category of property value. Moreover, the authors formulate a possible classification of CRE, which is useful from the perspective of real estate strategies, in addition to identifying and evaluating different types of property values which can be used for real estate strategies. For the majority of operational properties, these categories differ from market value. The last part of the publication provides a reference of selected valuation methods used to determine the value of CRE in the context of formulating and implementing real estate strategies.

scholarly journals Controlling and the Use of UAVs as Important Components of Smart Logistical Operations

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-203
Author(s):  
Martin Holubčík ◽  
Jakub Soviar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Good Decision ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Controlling Measures ◽  
A Company ◽  
The Way

Abstract Modern controlling is an interdisciplinary field that allows management to manage properly, thereby creating the basis for good decision-making. Logistics operations in smart companies need to be not only properly set up, but also properly controlled and improved. The purpose of the article is to analyze the controlling environment in a selected company and point out possible improvements in logistics activities and devices, with a view to preventing different types of problems. For this purpose, observations of the internal logistics processes in a selected company were used and quantified to assess its internal state. On the basis of the data, controlling measures are put forward to improve the management of the company’s logistics activities. The results of the research highlight the opportunities that exist through controlling activities to collect and analyze information about the logistics activities of a company. By doing so, employees can be given greater responsibility for the fulfilment of their tasks and contribute to the streamlining of logistics processes. For managers, the implementation of controlling represents a change in the way of thinking and managing a company.

JAVA™-Based Design Calculator for Integral Snap-Fits

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung S. Oh ◽  
Dean Q. Lewis ◽  
Daeyong Lee ◽  
Gary A. Gabriele
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Operating System ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Specific Loading ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Integral Attachment ◽  
A Company

Abstract Many different types of snap-fits have been developed to replace conventional fasteners, and research efforts have been made to characterize their performance. It is often tedious to look for design equations for unique types of snap-fits to calculate the insertion and retention forces. If found, these equations tend to be long, complex, and difficult to use. For this reason, a snap-fit calculator has been created to help in designing integral attachment features. Studies of seven most commonly used snap-fits (annular snap, bayonet-and-finger, cantilever hook, cantilever-hole, compressive hook, L-shaped hook, and U-shaped, hook) were used to provide the equations implemented in this snap-fit calculator, more fasteners than any other snap-fit calculator available. This tool aids in designing snap-fits to meet specific loading requirements by allowing the designer to size the feature to obtain desired estimates for maximum insertion and retention forces. The software for this design tool was written in JAVA™ language that is independent of operating system platforms and can be distributed at a company site-wide over an intranet or worldwide over the Internet. This makes it easily accessible to a user, and universal upgrades can be achieved by simply updating the software at the server location. Designers will find this tool to be useful in the design process and the most convenient way to estimate the performance of snap-fits. This paper describes the development and operation of the IFP snap-fit calculator including several case studies comparing the calculated results to experimental data.

Resolutions and Amendments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Kosmin ◽  
Catherine Roberts
Keyword(s):  
General Meeting ◽  
Private Company ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Draft Resolution ◽  
A Company

This chapter considers the different types of resolutions that may be considered either at a company meeting or, in the case of a private company, by written resolution. Shareholders make their decisions by the passing of resolutions. Such resolutions take various forms, the type of which depends upon the size of the required majority for the resolution to be treated as effective. The form and content of company resolutions is now determined by the provisions of CA 2006. Each of these new statutory requirements will be considered in this chapter. In addition, this chapter examines the procedures that must be followed if it is desired to amend a draft resolution before it is voted upon at a general meeting. As will be seen, for special resolutions the possibilities for amendment are much restricted.

23. Liquidation, dissolution, and restoration

Company Law ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 651-688
Author(s):  
Lee Roach
Keyword(s):  
Different Types ◽  
A Company

This concluding chapter explores the different types of liquidation, the powers of a liquidator, and the ways in which a company can be dissolved and restored. The Insolvency Act 1986 (IA 1986) provides for two types of liquidation: voluntary winding up; and winding up by the court. A voluntary winding up occurs where the members voluntarily wind up the company by passing a special resolution. Meanwhile, compulsory winding up occurs where a person petitions the court for an order of winding up the company, and the court grants such an order. The liquidator's role is to gather, realize, and distribute the assets of the company to its creditors and, if there is a surplus, to persons so entitled. Ultimately, the process by which a company's existence is ended is known as ‘dissolution’. A dissolved company can be restored in certain circumstances.

3. Incorporation

Company Law ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 51-76
Author(s):  
Lee Roach
Keyword(s):  
General Rule ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Unfair Advantage ◽  
Secretary Of State ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Royal Charter ◽  
A Company

This chapter examines the various ways by which a company can be created and the different types of company that can be created. The process of creating a company is known as ‘incorporation’. There are four principal methods of incorporating a company: by royal charter; by Act of Parliament; by delegated authority; or by registration. The general rule is that the Companies Act 2006 (CA 2006) only applies to registered companies. However, in order to prevent unregistered companies being under-regulated and having an unfair advantage over registered companies, the CA 2006 provides that the Secretary of State may pass regulations that set out how the CA 2006 is applied to unregistered companies. There are a number of different company types that can suit a wide array of businesses. These include public and private companies. Companies can change their status by a process called re-registration.

4. Shares and Shareholders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imogen Moore
Keyword(s):  
Different Types ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Class Rights ◽  
A Company ◽  
A Share

The Concentrate Questions and Answers series offers the best preparation for tackling exam questions and coursework. Each book includes typical questions, suggested answers with commentary, illustrative diagrams, guidance on how to develop your answer, suggestions for further reading, and advice on exams and coursework. Shareholders in a company own shares, but the nature of a share and the rights of a shareholder are not easily defined. This chapter discusses the definition and characteristics of a share; the differences between different types of share, particularly ordinary and preference shares; transfer of shares; pre-emption rights; share certificates and estoppel; and variation of class rights.

Data privacy-related behavior and concerns of activity tracking technology users from Germany and the USA

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin Ilhan ◽  
Kaja J. Fietkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Data Protection ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Privacy Policy ◽  
Activity Tracking ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Technology Users ◽  
Tracking Technology

PurposeThis investigation aims to examine the differences and similarities between activity tracking technology users from two regions (the USA and Germany) in their intended privacy-related behavior. The focus lies on data handling after hypothetical discontinuance of use, data protection and privacy policy seeking, and privacy concerns.Design/methodology/approachThe data was collected through an online survey in 2019. In order to identify significant differences between participants from Germany and the USA, the chi-squared test and the Mann–Whitney U test were applied.FindingsThe intensity of several privacy-related concerns was significantly different between the two groups. The majority of the participants did not inform themselves about the respective data privacy policies or terms and conditions before installing an activity tracking application. The majority of the German participants knew that they could request the deletion of all their collected data. In contrast, only 35% out of 68 participants from the US knew about this option.Research limitations/implicationsThis study intends to raise awareness about managing the collected health and fitness data after stopping to use activity tracking technologies. Furthermore, to reduce privacy and security concerns, the involvement of the government, companies and users is necessary to handle and share data more considerably and in a sustainable way.Originality/valueThis study sheds light on users of activity tracking technologies from a broad perspective (here, participants from the USA and Germany). It incorporates not only concerns and the privacy paradox but (intended) user behavior, including seeking information on data protection and privacy policy and handling data after hypothetical discontinuance of use of the technology.

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