scholarly journals Patterns for Achieving Resilience in Engineered and Organizational Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 682-702
Author(s):  
Scott Jackson ◽  
Victoria Hailey ◽  
Keith D. Willett ◽  
Timothy Ferris ◽  
Eric A. Specking
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Organizational Systems ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
The Face ◽  
Satisfactory State ◽  
Prior State

This chapter examines how human-created systems in civil and organizational domains maintain their required capability to function effectively in the face of adversity and identifies the factors that enable these systems to remain resilient. Typical civil systems include power grid systems and transportation systems, such as aircraft. Organizational systems include enterprises and governments. Adversities include natural disasters and terrorist attacks. A recurring pattern in all domains is the ability to anticipate and prepare for adversity. Another recurring pattern is the ability for the system to adapt to the adversity. Some resilient systems can withstand adversity and then degrade gracefully to a satisfactory state, return to a prior state, or change to some new state. Both domains utilize a set of techniques to achieve resilience. These recurring patterns are common to both domains and are essential to the resilience of diverse systems.

Power Grid Crisis Management under the Natural Disasters in Extreme Weather

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 775-778
Author(s):  
Shi Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Coordination Mechanism ◽  
Shared Value ◽  
First Line ◽  
The Face

Power grid crisis happening at home and abroad warns the urgency of power grid crisis management. This article mainly study on how to carry out power grid crisis management under the natural disasters in extreme weather from three aspects: prevention and early warning before the crisis; coordination and joint action in crisis; reflections after the crisis. For the nucleus of crisis management is prevention-oriented, so the first line of defense of power grid crisis management is to establish a shared value of the crisis culture. In the face of power-grid crisis, a comprehensive “multi-sectoral” and “internal and external” coordination-mechanism must be built to jointly cope with the crisis. Through reflections after the crisis, inefficiency in disposal and long-term plan could be found timely so as to adjust preplan, early warning, long-range plans, and so on.

The Impact of Terrorism on Construction Industry in Iraq

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Wadhah Amer Hatem ◽  
Samiaah M. Hassen Al-Tmeemy
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Suicide Attacks ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

     Suicide attacks, bombings, explosions became the part of daily life in Iraq. Consequently, the threat of terrorism put the Iraqi construction sector in the face of unique and unusual challenges that not seen on other countries. These challenges can have extensive impact on construction projects. This paper seeks to examine the impact of the terrorist attacks on construction industry and determine the extent to which the impact of terrorism on construction projects in terms of cost, schedule, and quality. This study adapted quantitative and qualitative approaches to collect data using questionnaire survey and interviews, as well as historical data. The study focused on projects that have been the target of terrorist strikes in Diyala governorate. A variety of statistical procedures were employed in data analysis. The results revealed the extent to which terrorist attacks impact construction projects in terms of cost, time, and quality. The results of this study will enhance the awareness of all construction parties to the impact of the terrorist attacks against construction projects. Eventually, this can develop a risk management assessment and assist contractors to properly protect projects and buildings to minimize injuries and fatalities in the event of terrorism.

Healthcare and Terrorism: The Lebanese Experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Nooreddine Iskandar ◽  
Tatiana Rahbany ◽  
Ali Shokor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background: Due to the common instability caused by political and security issues, Lebanese hospitals have experienced acts of terrorism multiple times. The most recent Beirut Explosion even forced several hospitals to cease operations for the first time in decades—but studies show the preparedness levels for such attacks in similar countries are low. Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the experience of Lebanese hospitals with terrorist attacks. Methods: This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with various stakeholders to assess their experience with terrorist bombings. Data was analyzed using the thematic analysis method. Results: The researchers found that Lebanese hospitals vary greatly in their structures and procedures. Those differences are a function of 3 contextual factors: location, culture, and accreditation status. Hospitals found near ‘dangerous zones’ were more likely to be aware and to have better response to such events. A severe lack of communication, unity of command, and collaboration between stakeholders has made the process fragmented. Conclusion: The researchers recommend a larger role for the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) in this process, and the creation of a platform where Lebanese organizations can share their experiences to improve preparedness and resilience of the Lebanese healthcare system in the face of terrorism.

scholarly journals Investigation of Nanogrids for Improved Navy Installation Energy Resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4298
Author(s):  
Alissa Kain ◽  
Douglas L. Van Bossuyt ◽  
Anthony Pollman
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Critical Loads ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Military Bases ◽  
Specific Interest ◽  
The Military

Military bases perform important national security missions. In order to perform these missions, specific electrical energy loads must have continuous, uninterrupted power even during terrorist attacks, adversary action, natural disasters, and other threats of specific interest to the military. While many global military bases have established microgrids that can maintain base operations and power critical loads during grid disconnect events where outside power is unavailable, many potential threats can cause microgrids to fail and shed critical loads. Nanogrids are of specific interest because they have the potential to protect individual critical loads in the event of microgrid failure. We present a systems engineering methodology that analyzes potential nanogrid configurations to understand which configurations may improve energy resilience and by how much for critical loads from a national security perspective. This then allows targeted deployment of nanogrids within existing microgrid infrastructures. A case study of a small military base with an existing microgrid is presented to demonstrate the potential of the methodology to help base energy managers understand which options are preferable and justify implementing nanogrids to improve energy resilience.

scholarly journals Understanding the graph databases and power grid systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 439 ◽  
pp. 032110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuming Lv ◽  
Shuo Chen ◽  
Shanqi Zheng ◽  
Jingzhao Luan ◽  
Yonghui Guo
Keyword(s):  
Power Grid ◽  
Graph Databases ◽  
Grid Systems

scholarly journals Multistability and variations in basin of attraction in power-grid systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 113006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heetae Kim ◽  
Sang Hoon Lee ◽  
Jörn Davidsen ◽  
Seung-Woo Son
Keyword(s):  
Power Grid ◽  
Basin Of Attraction ◽  
Grid Systems

scholarly journals The Mediterranean Region: between terrorism, tourism and security

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-148
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Varani ◽  
Enrico Bernardini
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
The Political ◽  
International Conflicts ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract Tourism remains a very vulnerable sector and sensitive to both internal and external impacts, such as economic and social crises, natural disasters, epidemics and diseases, national and international conflicts. Among these, the most alarming threat in the 21st century remains terrorism. In this sense, this paper aims to study the effects of the increasingly frequent terrorist attacks by the extremist factions of Al-Qaeda and ISIL on the tourism industry in the Mediterranean Region. The contribution, after having discussed in general the tourism market in the Mediterranean Region, intends to highlight the impacts and repercussions of the terrorist attacks on tourism, presenting the example of Egypt and one of its best-known tourist destinations, Sharm el-Sheikh. In this sense, it is shown how, in a few years, the political instability of the country and the attacks of 2005 and 2016 have significantly reduced the influx of tourists, transforming it from one of the most visited destinations in the world in a place of increasing abandonment.

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