Tribal “Awakenings” in Pakistan and India

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-128
Author(s):  
Yelena Biberman
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Take Back ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tribal Areas

This chapter presents two little-known but highly consequential rebellions in Pakistan and India, and the state-nonstate alliances forged to combat them. In Pakistan, what led to the alliance was the local tribes’ desire to take back their land from the Taliban, and the state’s willingness to collaborate with the tribes in order to prevent the further spread of the anti-Pakistan Taliban outside the tribal areas. Islamabad was not prepared to enforce full sovereignty over the region, and so its alliance with the tribes was weak. The Naxalite insurgency enjoyed free reign over a region that remained for many decades a backwater to the Indian government. But, when the insurgency gained serious steam and private companies developed plans to exploit the area’s mineral deposits, the government stepped in. After achieving a rough balance of local power, it allied with opportunists, who formed a civilian-manned counterinsurgency outfit known as the Salwa Judum.

Russia in 2000-2004: Heading towards State Capitalism?

2004 ◽  
pp. 42-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Radygin
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Private Business ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
State Capitalism ◽  
The Government

The paper deals with one of the characteristic trends of the 2000s, that is, the government's property expansion. It is accompanied by attempts to consolidate economic structures controlled by the state and state-owned stock packages and unitary enterprises under the aegis of holdings. Besides the government practices selective severe enforcement actions against a number of the largest private companies, strengthens its control over companies with mixed capital and establishes certain informal procedures of relationships between private business and the state. The author examines the YUKOS case and the business community's actual capacity to protect its interests. One can argue that in all likelihood the trend to the 'state capitalism' in its specific Russian variant has become clearer over 2003-2004.

scholarly journals Social Movement at Indonesia - Malaysia Border (A Case Study of Indonesian Migrant Workers’ Education in Sebatik Island, a Land Border of Indonesia - Malaysia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 11013
Author(s):  
Warsono Hardi ◽  
Nurcahyanto Herbasuki ◽  
Rifda Khaerani Thalita
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
Border Area ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government

The condition of the state border area between Indonesia and Malaysia is totally different. Children of Indonesian Workers (TKI) have no (limited) access to learn in formal schools since they do not have citizenship documents. This study aims to analyze the implementation of basic education mission in the border area, particularly in Sebatik island, Nunukan regency, North Kalimantan province. In addition, the research was conducted using qualitative explorative approach. Problems arising at the border area are very diverse and systemic. The Indonesian government conducts the education in border areas still very limitedly. The role of the public, corporate and private companies (Three Net Working) becomes very important in operating the schools in border area. The role of a former lecturer who is famously called Mrs. Midwife Suraidah is very dominant in helping TKI’s children to learn a variety of knowledge in Sekolah Tapal Batas (Tapal Batas School) in Sebatik island, Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan province. Some help from companies such as Pertamina (national oil mining company), Dompet Dhuafa foundation and volunteers who are willing to be teachers strongly support the continuously of Tapal Batas School. The continuity of basic education in the state border becomes a challenge for the government since the purpose of the country written in the opening of Constitution 1945 is the intellectual life of the nation can be realized by implementing it in Nawacita program.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and the judiciary: the case for access to testing Sudhi versus Union of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3769
Author(s):  
Diya Uberoi
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
The State ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Supreme Court Of India ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
The Government

In an effort to protect citizens’ right-to-health, the Supreme Court of India on April 8th ordered the government to make COVID-19 testing free in all private hospitals and labs. The Court’s decision in Sudhi v. Union of India marked a significant step towards ensuring that all people, especially poor workers in the informal sector have access to necessary care. Five days later, however, after facing objections from private companies and the state, the Supreme Court reversed its previous order and made testing free for only those living below the poverty line, an obligation already mandated under the National Health Policy Scheme.This commentary suggests that judicial action should be strengthened, not hampered, in times of global health crisis. While no state has unlimited resources to ensure the protection of health, the judiciary should be emboldened to hold the state to account.   

Acceptance of Political Parties about the Revocation of Article 370

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Nationalist Discourse ◽  
Political Dominance ◽  
The Government ◽  
Union Territory

Article 370 of Indian Constitution that offered a special status to the state of Jammu Kashmir .It is also divided the state of Jammu Kashmir in to Union territories, Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and Union territory of Ladakh .The demand for abrogation of Article 370 was a part of chauvinistic nationalist discourse that wanted to rid Kashmir of its unique status, This anti Kashmir politics has been much part of Jammu‘s political vocabulary. In some ways, to the residents of Jammu Article 370 implied Kashmir’s political dominance as Kashmiri Leadership used it to denied resident status to many group such as West Pakistan Hindu refugees of Punjabi Dalits who had settled in Jammu back in 1950s.On 5 august 2019 Indian government took a strong decision by moved a resolution to effectively abolish Article 370, which gives special powers to the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The government also introduced a Bill to divide the state into two Union territories -- Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh. The emphasis of this research is that what are the positive Impact on Growth & Stability and The Negative Impact of revocation of 370 and how different political parties reacted to the revocation of Article 370 from Kashmir. Analysis and concrete viewpoint of politician have been amalgamated in this paper.

scholarly journals Information control by public punishment: The logic of signalling repression in China

2020 ◽  
pp. 0920203X2096301
Author(s):  
Lotus Ruan ◽  
Jeffrey Knockel ◽  
Masashi Crete-Nishihata
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Information Control ◽  
State Repression ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Intermediary Liability

When does repression of online expression lead to public punishment of citizens in China? Chinese social media is heavily censored through a system of intermediary liability in which the government relies on private companies to implement content controls. Outside of this system the Chinese authorities at times utilize public punishment to repress social media users. Under China’s regulatory environment, individuals are subject to punishment such as fines and detention for their expressions online. While censorship has become more implicit, authorities have periodically announced cases of repression to the public. To understand when the state escalates from censoring online content to punishing social media users for their online expressions and publicizes the punishment, we collected 468 cases of state repression announced by the authorities between 1 January 2014 and 1 April 2019. We find that the Chinese authorities most frequently publicize persecutions of citizens who posted online expression deemed critical of the government or those that challenged government credibility. These cases show more evidence of the state pushing the responsibility of ‘self-regulation’ further to average citizens. By making an example of individuals who post prohibited content even in semi-public social media venues, the state signals strength and its determination to maintain authority.

scholarly journals Advertising and Media Capture in Turkey: How Does the State Emerge as the Largest Advertiser with the Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism?

2021 ◽  
pp. 194016122110186
Author(s):  
Servet Yanatma
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
The State ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Competitive Authoritarianism ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the distribution of advertising in newspapers in Turkey and the impact of the government on the allocation, in particular, of official announcements and of advertising by partially state-owned enterprises and private companies loyal to the ruling party, as well as pressure on other commercial advertisers, during the rule of the Justice and Development Party between 2002 and 2020. It demonstrates that the government has, in the last decade, largely used the advertising sector as a “carrot and stick” tactic to control newspapers through the distribution of official announcements and advertising by state-owned enterprises. It further finds that the state has emerged in recent years as the largest advertiser financing the “captured media,” control of media ownership has proved to be not enough to ensure docile news media. Turkey has shifted to competitive authoritarianism in recent years, and this article demonstrates the selective allocation of advertising, which is a strong component of suppressing the independent media. The article uncovers the impact of government on advertising, using two data sets to show: (i) the total spend on official announcements received by each newspaper and (ii) how much advertising space in square centimeters state-owned enterprises have placed in each newspaper. Interviews with editors-in-chief of newspapers also expose the direct role of government in the distribution of advertising.

Review on Drug Waste Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
S. D. Mankar ◽  
Madhuri Kawade ◽  
Shraddha Parjane
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Safe Medication ◽  
Take Back ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Medication Disposal ◽  
The Government ◽  
Drug Waste

Drug waste management is the alarming issue nowadays so provide more awareness from healthcare professionals and drug receiver. The pharmacist are in the admirable position to aware people about safe medication disposal. The safe medication disposal awareness in society leads to the sufficient good differences in public health and surroundings. the knowledge of the safe drug disposal is equally important that consumption of the medicines. The easiest solution to the drug pollution is to disposal of medicines properly. The aim of this review is the government have to maintain the drug disposal methods on the label of drugs and dosage forms. The collection of the drug is easier and they can authorize the collection in the take back program. The Indian government have to authorized the drug collection sites and registered business or various authorization for the collection of the drug safely, they also have to organize the various types of events like drug take back awareness events, awareness programs on the need of proper drug disposal and its conditions. The drug waste contains the expired and non-expired drugs.

scholarly journals Public Policy and Youth Employment: An Empirical Study of Cameroon's Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Désiré AVOM ◽  
Bernard NGUEKENG ◽  
Iréné TIAKO
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Probability Method ◽  
Maximum Probability ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Private Operator

The aim purpose of this paper is to assess the contribution of public policies on youth employment in Cameroon. To do this, we used the multinomial Logit model that is being followed up for our employment equation. The maximum probability method is the estimation technique used and applied to data extracted from the EISS database (2011). Three main results emerge from this study: (1) young people who wish to self-employment do not have adequate training and the technical and financial support offered to them by the government is insufficient; (2) the incentives proposed by the State to private operator to encourage them to recruit young people do not always contribute to this objective and (3) the massive recruitments carried out by the State fail to pay off all unemployed young people. In this situation, the Cameroonian state should further strengthen the professionalization of training and, above all, guide training offers in the areas that present opportunities in our country. It also needs to strengthen the facilities afforded to private companies to encourage them to recruit more young people. We also suggest that the Cameroonian government provide more technical and material support to young people who are seeking it and, on the other hand, to raise more funds for the bankable projects presented by these Last.

scholarly journals The Effect of Sino-Indian War, 1962 on Ethnic Communities of Arunachal Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-182
Author(s):  
Fauzia Farmin Sayeda ◽  
Barnali Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Careful Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Indian War ◽  
The Government

The study is an attempt to analyse the socio-economic consequences of Sino-Indian war of 1962 on the ethnic communities of North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA), the present state of Arunachal Pradesh, geospatially located in North-East India. A careful analysis of the pre-independent history of the region suggests that both Ahoms and British rulers followed a policy of non-interference in the region as it was predominantly a tribal area. After independence, the Indian Government also followed the policy of minimal governance. The vital issues of infrastructure were also not given much emphasis until the war of 1962. As the Government realised the strategic importance of the state, a significant change in government policy can be witnessed. Apart from initiating development in infrastructure of the state, efforts were also made to nationalise the frontier. The present research aims to document the socio-economic changes brought by the war, using a critical analysis of a wide range of sources.

scholarly journals Natural resources and policies for community-based ecotourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 128-136
Author(s):  
Mohan Kukreti
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
The State ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Government

This paper in particular deals with the analysis and reviews of the ecotourism policies and the framework of the state of Uttarakhand and the Indian government. In general, it evaluates and discusses the future and significance of the natural resources for the development of the community-based ecotourism in Uttarakhand for the sustainable development of the villages including conservation of biological diversity. This paper argues that the homestay programme, if encouraged, might help the state to achieve its goal of ecotourism and the green economy. Tourism was given an industry status by the government of Uttarakhand in 2018, providing attractive incentives and subsidies. Nevertheless, there is still a need for the appropriate policy framework for the better management of the natural resources, development and the training of the various stakeholders and the entrepreneurs involved in the community-based ecotourism industry.

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