Religious Vitality in Victorian London

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Faith Communities ◽  
Salvation Army ◽  
Education For All ◽  
Thick Description ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Rich

This innovative book challenges many of the widely held assumptions about the place of religion in London, the world’s first great industrial and commercial metropolis. Against the background of a ‘thick description’ of the complexities of Victorian London it explores the religiosity of Londoners as expressed through the dynamic renewal of traditional faith communities, including Judaism and the historic churches, as well as fresh expressions of religion, including the Salvation Army, Mormons, spiritualism, and the occult. It shows how laypeople, especially the rich and women were mobilized in the service of their faith, and their fellow citizens. Drawing on research in social, economic, oral, cultural, and women’s history William Jacob argues that religious motivations lay behind concerns that subsequently preoccupied people in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. These include the changing place of women in society, an active concern for social justice, the sexual exploitation of women and children, provision of education for all classes and all ages. By examining religion broadly, in its social and cultural context, looking beyond conventional approaches to religious history Religious Vitality in Victorian London illustrates the broader significance of religion in society influencing even the expression of secularism.

Human Rights and Social Work in Historical and Contemporary Perspectives

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obie Clayton ◽  
June Gary Hopps
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
First Century ◽  
International Level ◽  
Human Rights Standards ◽  
Rights Issues ◽  
Individual Human

The National Association of Social Workers (NASW) affirms a social worker’s responsibility to social change and social justice on behalf of vulnerable and oppressed peoples (NASW, 2008). Because of this directive around social justice, it is the profession’s responsibility to make connections between individual human rights issues within the broader social, economic, and cultural context that creates conditions where injustice can take place. This article attempts to illustrate how social workers in the twenty-first century must be able to recognize and emphasize human rights in their practice on a local, national, and international level. The article also shows the need for social workers to be the catalyst bringing attention to the need to craft solutions to human rights violations that take into account global human rights standards.

scholarly journals Social injustice, corruption and Nigeria’s national security quest: A theoretical discourse

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Olawale Olufemi Akinrinde
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
National Security ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
Social Implication ◽  
Equitable Distribution ◽  
Social Pathology ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
The Rich

While across known histories of societies the human societies had always developed within the confines of their limits of social justice, the security or otherwise of societies had always been directly proportional to their level of social justice. Invariably, this implies the higher the acceptance and recognition of the need for social justice by a society, the higher the society’s chances for national security. Social justice has thus proven to be a critical sine qua non for an egalitarian and a just society where equity, selflessness and equitable distribution of resources reign. However, the lack and deliberate emasculation of social justice within the society by the state and/or its machineries has over time, consequentially, informed a pathological situation; a situation where, due to the absence or deliberate neglect of the need for social justice in the accumulation of wealth, distribution of wealth and resources as well as social, economic and political relationships amongst the people, the rich are becoming richer whilst the less privileged are becoming more disadvantaged. The social implication and effect of this social pathology is the impulse by the rich or the privileged to see and use corruption to accumulate more wealth, resources and power in unjust social, economic and political exchanges in their bid to maintain the unjust socio-economic and political systems, whilst the poor and the less privileged tend to see and use corruption as a leveller and means to accumulating their own share of the societal wealth, resources and power. The corrupt environment created by social injustice is therefore antithetical to any country’s quest for national security. This is chiefly because national security objectives and corruption are two parallel lines that cannot and have never met. This article therefore argues that social justice backed by egalitarian and equitable distribution of wealth, resources and social services by the government would bring about a corrupt-free society where insecurity would be minimised and reduced to the barest minimum.   Keywords: Social injustice, corruption, insecurity, Nigeria’s National Security, Nigeria.    

Emigrant Psychoanalysts in the USA and the FBI Archives

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Goggin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
National Socialism ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Due Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
External Threats ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Rich ◽  
New Nation

Interest in the fate of the German psychoanalysts who had to flee Hitler's Germany and find refuge in a new nation, such as the United States, has increased. The ‘émigré research’ shows that several themes recur: (1) the theme of ‘loss’ of one's culture, homeland, language, and family; and (2) the ambiva-lent welcome these émigrés received in their new country. We describe the political-social-cultural context that existed in the United States during the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s. Documentary evidence found in the FBI files of three émigré psychoanalysts, Clara Happel, Martin Grotjahn, and Otto Fenichel, are then presented in combination with other source material. This provides a provisional impression of how each of these three individuals experienced their emigration. As such, it gives us elements of a history. The FBI documents suggest that the American atmosphere of political insecurity and fear-based ethnocentric nationalism may have reinforced their old fears of National Socialism, and contributed to their inclination to inhibit or seal off parts of them-selves and their personal histories in order to adapt to their new home and become Americanized. They abandoned the rich social, cultural, political tradition that was part of European psychoanalysis. Finally, we look at these elements of a history in order to ask a larger question about the appropriate balance between a liberal democratic government's right to protect itself from internal and external threats on the one hand, or crossover into the blatant invasion of civil rights and due process on the other.

PERSEFEKTIF IN HUMAN TRAFFICKING CRIME LAW NUMBER 39 OF 1999 ON HUMAN RIGHTS CASE AGAINST CHILD TRAFFICKING IN MEDAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Ida Monika Putu Ayu Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Trafficking In Persons ◽  
The People ◽  
Public Company ◽  
Legal Sanctions ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Human Rights Violation

Laws are the norms that govern all human actions that can be done and should not be carried out both written and unwritten and have sanctions, so that the entry into force of these rules can be forced or coercive and binding for all the people of Indonesia. The most obvious form of manifestation of legal sanctions appear in criminal law. In criminal law there are various forms of crimes and violations, one of the crimes listed in the criminal law, namely the crime of Human Trafficking is often perpetrated against women and children. Human Trafficking is any act of trafficking offenders that contains one or more acts, the recruitment, transportation between regions and countries, alienation, departure, reception. With the threat of the use of verbal and physical abuse, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of a position of vulnerability, example when a person has no other choice, isolated, drug dependence, forest traps, and others, giving or receiving of payments or benefits women and children used for the purpose of prostitution and sexual exploitation. These crimes often involving women and children into slavery. Trafficking in persons is a modern form of human slavery and is one of the worst forms of violation of human dignity (Public Company Act No. 21 of 2007, on the Eradication of Trafficking in Persons). Crime human trafficking crime has been agreed by the international community as a form of human rights violation.  

Intergenerational Wealth Transfer and the Need to Revive and Metamorphose the Israeli Estate Tax

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphna Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Wealth Transfer ◽  
Estate Tax ◽  
Inheritance Tax ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Needy

Abstract This article suggests enacting an accession tax instead of the estate duty – which was repealed in Israel in 1981. This suggestion evolves from historical and normative explorations of the tension between perceptions of familial intergenerational property rights and justifications for the “death tax,” as termed by its opponents, i.e., estate and inheritance tax. First, the Article explores this tension as expressed in the history of the Israeli Estate Duty Law. This chronological survey reveals a move from the State’s taken-for-granted interest in revenue justifying the Law’s enactment in 1949; moving on to the “needy widow” and “poor orphan” in whose name the tax was attacked during the years 1959–1964, continuing to the abolition of the tax in 1981 in the name of efficiency and the right of the testator to transfer his wealth to his family, and finally cumulating with the targeting of tycoon dynasties that characterizes the recent calls for reintroducing the tax. Next, based on the rich literature on the subject, the Article maps the arguments for and against intergenerational wealth transfer taxation, placing the Israeli case in larger philosophical, political, and pragmatic contexts. Lastly, it associates the ideas of accession tax and “social inheritance” with inspirational sources for rethinking a realistic wealth transfer taxation to bridge the gap between notions of intergenerational familial rights and intergenerational social justice.

Jewish Novellas in a Greek and Roman Age: Fiction and Identity

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Wills
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Jewish Literature ◽  
Broad Category ◽  
Biblical History ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Roman Age ◽  
Joseph And Aseneth

AbstractAlthough Jewish novellas (Esther, Daniel, Tobit, Judith, and Joseph and Aseneth) have received more attention recently as a distinct genre within ancient Jewish literature, their relation to Greek and Roman novels is still debated. This article argues that, although some of the Jewish novellas arise earlier, they should be considered part of the same broad category of novelistic literature. The rich research on the cultural context of Greek and Roman novels applies to the Jewish as well. But a further question is also explored: if the Jewish texts were originally considered fictional, how did they come to be considered biblical and historical? Two suggestions are proposed: the protagonists of the narratives first came to be revered as heroes of the faith aside from the texts, and the rise of “biblical history” required the use of Esther and Daniel to fill in the gaps in the chronology.

Seekership as Social Institution in Alternative Religion

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
Steven Sutcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
New Age ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Alternative Religion ◽  
The Rich

This article approaches a new biography of Frederick Bligh Bond by placing the subject’s life and career in the wider context of the formation of modern alternative religion. While acknowledging the rich particularities of Bond’s interests, attention is paid to the broader cultural context in which Bond lived and worked. This includes the modern cult and mythos of Glastonbury in both elite and popular cultural aspects as well as a wider social institution of seekership which shapes individual biographies. The article argues that through his seekership Bond was paradoxically more of a ‘type’ than his biographer allows and that his contributions to Glastonbury and to the New Age milieu should be interpreted in this light. The Rediscovery of Glastonbury: Frederick Bligh Bond Architect of the New Age, by Tim Hopkinson-Ball. The History Press (Sutton Publishing), 2007. 236pp., £20.00. ISBN-13: 9780750945646.

scholarly journals KONSEP HAK MILIK DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-207
Author(s):  
AN Ras Try Astuti ◽  
Andi Faisal
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Economic System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Private Ownership ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
Joint Ownership ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Individual

Capitalism as an economic system that is implemented by most countries in the world today, in fact it gave birth to injustice and social inequalityare increasingly out of control. Social and economic inequalities are felt both between countries (developed and developing countries) as well as insociety itself (the rich minority and the poor majority). The condition is born from the practice of departing from faulty assumptions about the man. In capitalism the individual to own property released uncontrollably, causing a social imbalance. On the other hand, Islam never given a state model that guarantees fair distribution of ownership for all members of society, ie at the time of the Prophet Muhammad established the Islamic government in Medina. In Islam, the private ownership of property was also recognized but not absolute like capitalism. Islam also recognizes the forms of joint ownership for the benefit of society and acknowledges the ownership of the state that aims to create a balance and social justice.

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF THE SOCIAL FUNCTION OF THE STATE: CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (04(01)) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Iryna Kolosovska Iryna Kolosovska ◽  
Radosław Zagórski Radosław Zagórski
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Function ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social

This article conceptualizes modern approaches to the transformation of the social function of the state in the context of the influence of globalization processes, the ambiguity of the formation of the socio-cultural context, the actualization of the latest risks and threats associated with the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. We accentuate the inconsistencies and contradictions between the declared social priorities and the inefficiency of the management mechanisms of their practical implementation. The article substantiates the priority directions of the regulatory role of the state in the context of social risk management, formation of social security, adherence to the principle of social justice, and harmonization of interests of representatives of various social groups. Key words: public administration, state, social functions, governance mechanisms, globalization, social risks, COVID-19 pandemic, social justice.

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