Advanced Sultanism: A Category Emerges

2021 ◽  
pp. 237-256
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Rentier State ◽  
Advanced Economy ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Security Services ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Political Patronage ◽  
Almost All

The first of two summary discussions, this chapter begins by assessing the extent to which MBS and MBZ’s regimes converge or diverge with other examples of contemporary sultanism. With regard to convergence, it notes: their political patronage networks; their dominance over economic affairs; the extent to which their extended families have served as surrogates for ruling parties; their tightening up of almost all civil society and media organizations; their increasing control over military forces and security services (including the development of more potent praetorian guards); the apparently non-ideological nature of their regimes; and—with some caveats—their erection of personal charismatic façades. With regard to divergence, it notes: Saudi Arabia and the UAE’s relatively well-performing health and education systems; their advances in women’s access to education and health; their fairly positive economic development indicators; their strong global economic integration; and what seems to have been a genuine reduction in corruption. Seeking to explain these divergences, the chapter suggests that Saudi Arabia and the UAE’s rentier state legacies combined with their continuing use of Western and other advanced economy consultants are key to understanding MBS and MBZ’s more ‘advanced’ strain of sultanism. In this context, ‘advanced sultanism’ is posited as an important new sub-set of contemporary sultanism.

Position Change of Vietnamese Women in Macrocell Economic Policy Reform Episode: Comparative Analysis of Secondary Data

2012 ◽  
pp. 96-128
Author(s):  
Thu Ngo Van ◽  
Tam Le Thanh ◽  
Nga Pham Thi ◽  
Trang Nguyen Thuy
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Position Change ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Macroeconomic transition is toward sustainable growth and equality in all eco- nomic-social livelihoods. Women – the important population force – participate in most economic-social activities and are the “fire-keeper” of any family as the cell for society. Women’s roles refects the important achievements in society advance- ment and gender equality. In this paper, we summarize some findings from our research with UN Women on the impact of macroeconomic reform on women roles over 10 years, such as (i) the overall economic conditions and living standards have been much more improved, which directly benefit women and their families (ii) women in Vietnam have generally been treated equally to men in almost all aspects; (iii) women capacities have been improved over time, thanks to access to education and resources; (iv) the Women’s Union plays an important role in ensuring the ben- eficiaries and activities of women in general. However, several issues created the challenges for development of women in the next period, such as (i) less spending proportion for education and health; (ii) women still have to face the burden of houseworkss, particularly childcare and household farmings; (iii) women lag behind men in their participation in industrial employment and are concentrated in agriculture and services. The recommendations for related stakeholders are settled for more gender equality in terms of quality in the future. It is important for sus- tainable development which results from macroeconomic reform.

Auto Markets in the World and Strategy of Japan’s Companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Matsuoka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Auto Industry ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Made In

In the world auto market, top three companies are VW(Volkswagen), Runault-Nissan-Mistubishi, and Toyota. About some selected countries and areas, China, England, Italy, Australia, Germany, Turkey, Russia, Sweden, USA, Brazil, UAE, Japan, Vietnam and Thailand are more competitive. However, the situation is different. Seeing monopolistic market countries and areas, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Korea, Malaysia, France, India, and Pakistan, in particular, the influence of Japan to Taiwan, India, and Pakistan is very big. But in Korea and France, their own companies’ brands occupy the market. In Japan domestic market, the overall situation is competitive. Almost all vehicles made in Japan are Japanese brand. From now on, we have to note the development of electric vehicle (EV) and other new technologies such as automatic driving and connected car. That is because they will give a great impact on the auto industry and market of Japan. Now Japan’s auto industry is going to be consolidated into three groups, Honda, Toyota group, and Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi group for seeking the scale merit of economy. Therefore, I will pay attention to the worldwide development of EV and other new technologies and the reorganization of auto companies groups.

scholarly journals Deforestation and Changes in People's Economies Due to Oil Palm Plantations in East Kalimantan

POPULIKA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Ramadhan Dwi Purwanto ◽  
Alam Mahadika
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Living System ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Decent Life ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Land Exploitation

The market demand for oil palm commodities does make the plantation business a very profitable endeavor. The high demand led to the massive clearing of oil palm plantations in East Kalimantan that resulted in land exploitation. In addition, the concept of poverty alleviation by the government in East Kalimantan by relying on employment from palm oil plantations then added a new problem that is deforestation and changes in the local people's system to be discussed in this journal. This research uses qualitative descriptive. The result in the Get is 1.) The job opening brought about a new problem of community economic vulnerability due to an error in understanding the concept of poverty and the existence of fundamental source of blindness. 2.) East Kalimantan Region is only a land that is not followed by access to education and health and the assurance of a decent life for the company. 3.) The change of the living system depends only on one commodity of oil palm 4.) The exploitation of this land has an ongoing impact on deforestation in East Kalimantan, which is detrimental to the existence of diversity of plants, animals and local communities.

scholarly journals Social position of persons with disabilities in and out of residential institution

Stanovnistvo ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-111
Author(s):  
Milan Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Equality Of Opportunity ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Residential Settings ◽  
Almost All

The 2011 Census in the Republic of Serbia introduced, for the first time questions about difficulties in functioning, following the Recommendations from the Washington Group on Disability Statistics. Since there are no stable and continuous sources on the position of persons with disabilities in Serbia, the Census results may be used as a relevant source on disability measurement. Of course, due to the main goal of census disability measurement, and that is a general identification of disability in population, these results should be employed with certain reservations and carefully, especially because of some methodological specification in approaching disability. The main use of census data on disability should be found in evaluating the "equality of opportunity" in relevant areas, such as economic activity (labour and employment), education, living sources, etc. and this is to be achieved mainly through comparison between the values in the general population and population with disabilities. Having done that, we were able to conclude on visible inequality of opportunities between the general and population with disabilities. These discrapancies are indeed evident first in the area of education-especially in accessing elementary education, where the percentage of persons with disabilities that never attended school is extremely high (12.2% v. 2.68% in general population). The unfavourable status of persons with disabilities in the context of education continues in almost all levels of education. An even more obvious inequality of opportunity is present in the area of economic activity, where the prevalence of inactive persons with disability is very high - almost 90%. Having gone through all the age categories, what becomes abvious is a significantly lower activity among all age groups in comparison to the same groups in general population. However, the main goal of this article was to detect the discrapancies existing between the position of persons with disabilities that live in the community and those living in institutional settings - institutions for collective housing. In both areas of education and economic activity, the results tell us very much about a much more problematic status of those living in residential settings. Overall, the access to education is much lower with residents, making an even more negative picture about this smaller group of persons with disabilities in Serbia. In the area of economic activity, the percentage of economically active persons with disabilities in residential settings does not climb to one percent (0.30% excluding the homes for adults and the elderly), which is indeed a worrying situation. Having in mind well known facts on the effects of institutionalization of persons with disabilities in terms of almost all their rights and freedoms, the results that we have encountered are to confirm a negative status of those living in residential settings. Experiences of discrimination, marginalization, segregation and exclusion are evident in the census results. Even if one tries to focus only on analyzing the equality of opportunity in the given context, in comparison with the general population, or even only with the contingent of persons with disabilities out of the residential settings, those living in institutions in Serbia are seriously suffering from lack of access to education, training, labour market and other important areas of life and social functioning. In addition, a potentially relevant insight has been made into the correlation of the type of problem and the status within economic activity and education of persons with disabilities in Serbia. The results confirm that those persons identified through census questions that aim at detecting problems of mental health (intellectual and psycho-social disability) are in the least favourable position in both of the observed areas. Such conclusions should also be connected to a specifically problematic social inclusion and acceptance of those with mental health problems and the extremely high burden of social stigma towards them, combined with the long-going practice of exclusion and discrimination (legal capacity, education, employability, etc.).

scholarly journals The Common Clinical Presentation of Patients Selected for Septoplasty in Northern Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah D. Alotaibi ◽  
Bassam Ahmed Almutlaq ◽  
Fahad Nashmi Alshammari ◽  
Hussain Gadelkarim Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Deviated Nasal Septum ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Common Clinical Presentation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Almost All

Background. Nasal septal deviation (NSD) plays a critical role in nasal obstruction symptoms, aesthetic look of the nose, increased nasal resistance, and occasionally snoring. Septoplasty is the most common method for correction of deviated nasal septum (DNS). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the association between initial clinical presentations of patients selected for septoplasty and demographical characteristics in Northern Saudi Arabia.Methodology. Archives related to all patients selected for septoplasty between 2012 and 2017 were retrieved from ENT Department at King Khalid Hospital in Hail, Northern Saudi Arabia. Only adults over 18 years of age were included in this study.Results. With regard to the clinical presentations, almost all patients presented with variable degrees of nasal congestions, nasal blockages, breathing troubles, sleeping troubles, and exercise problems.Conclusion. Nasal obstruction is prevalent in Northern Saudi Arabia with peaks being in the years 2016 and 2014 with the most etiological factor being DNS.

scholarly journals Rainfall induced erosion of soils used in earth roads

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 17006
Author(s):  
Esdras Ngezahayo ◽  
Michael P.N. Burrow ◽  
Gurmel S. Ghataora
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Imagej Software ◽  
Number Of Particles

Earth roads in rural areas of the developing world are key engines to the development of countries. They give access to education and health services, sustain agriculture and businesses, and promote social interactions between communities. However, earth roads suffer substantially from poor engineering and funding for construction and maintenance. Rainfall is probably their most dangerous enemy resulting in soil particle detachment leading to the loss of surface material. A laboratory rainfall simulator was used to identify the performance of an earth road surface compacted at the maximum dry density against rainfall energy and surface flow. Under the rain intensity of 30mm/hr, erosion increased with rain duration from 0 to 30 minutes. Fine sand (0.06 – 0.02mm) and medium sand (0.02 – 0.6mm) particles eroded faster than coarse sand (0.6 – 2mm) and gravel (> 2mm) particles of the sediments collected at 5 minutes intervals of time. Additionally, a 20cm x 20cm photograph at the same place was analysed using ImageJ software and showed reduction in number of particles from 18554 at 10 min to 5803 at 25 min as smaller particles had eroded in the meantime.

scholarly journals Perceptions of nursing as a future profession among high school students' females in AL-RASS city, Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arwa Al-humaidan ◽  
Fathia Mersal
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Career ◽  
Nursing Career ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Future Choice

Background: Saudi Arabia has a huge shortage of Saudi nurses. Therefore, the students’ perception of nursing affect their future choice of nursing career. Despite nursing is an honorable profession the majority of Saudi’s families still do not think like that about nursing.Aim: This study aimed to explore the Perceptions of nursing as a future profession among Secondary school students' females in Al Rass city KSA.Design: A cross-sectional descriptive design was utilized.Sample: A convenient sample of female’s secondary school was included.Tools: Professional nursing perception questionnaires were used and provided to 225 females aged 16 and above who are attending the largest 4 high governmental schools in Al-Rass city in the Qassim region of KSA.Result: the result revealed that almost all had an idea about the functional aspect of nursing career, and 37% of them have got this infor-mation from media. However, only 29% of participants will choose nursing as a future career. Additionally, 55.1% of participants indicated that nursing requires science background that was their primary reason to avoid nursing career.Conclusion: this study concluded that the majority of respondents do not prefer nursing as future career. Therefore, there is a critical need to enhance the image of nursing and attract more high school students into this profession.

scholarly journals Health and Education in Roma Families. Comparative Study, Romanian Roma Families from Rennes, France vs. Roma from Mironu, Suceava, Romania

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Daniel Lucheş ◽  
Despina Vasilcu ◽  
Ionela Gălbău
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Roma People

AbstractThe lower level of education for health and school education among vulnerable groups from Romania is an important part of the vicious circle of poverty and social removal, in particular for Roma minority. The quality of education and health related to this minority group is correlated with cultural aspects and the Roma attitude toward those determinants factors.The study relies on data obtained after questioning a number of 50 people, Roma that immigrated in Rennes, France and 50 Roma from Mironu, Valea Moldovei County, Suceava city. The results of the research show a considerable difference between the attitude of the Roma people from France compared with the attitude of the Romas from Romania regarding the health services and the education that they benefit. The immigrants have a positive attitude regarding the school and the medical services, after applying the quiz it can be said that they are pretty unpleased of the Romanian services than the foreign ones.Although, the Roma minority has the support of the authorities in Rennes and also in Mironu, support for social inclusion and adaptation in a local community, but they are reluctant in accepting these benefits. The programs developed for helping them hadn’t had the expected results, though.Health and education have a specific purpose in developing the society in general. Now we can say that solving the problem with the access to education and health for Roma minority represents the key of their social and economic integration.

Response to Pauline Jones Luong's review of Oil Wealth and the Poverty of Politics: Algeria Compared

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 598-598
Author(s):  
Miriam R. Lowi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Rentier State ◽  
Economic Shocks ◽  
Oil Wealth ◽  
Do So

In writing my book, I had two principal and two secondary goals. My principal goals related to Algeria itself: first, to explain the country's peculiar trajectory with political stability and, eventually, its descent into violence, followed by its fascinating restabilization; second, to use the Algerian experience to contribute to the “rentier state” literature and show that oil has not been the “curse” that the “resource curse” folks suggest it to be. My secondary goals had to do with enriching and contextualizing the argument I was making about Algeria. I sought to do so in two ways: by offering “some preliminary comparisons” between Algeria's experience and that of other Middle Eastern oil-exporting states at times of economic shocks, and by cautiously extending the argument about variations in stability in Algeria to account for variations in stability in the four other countries. Four of the five empirical chapters of the book are devoted exclusively to Algeria; a single chapter—what I refer to as “a brief excursion into comparative analysis”—is devoted to Iran, Iraq, Indonesia, and Saudi Arabia and the comparison with Algeria.

Egypt's Open Door Economic policy: An Attempt at Economic Integration in the Middle East

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Hamed
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
The Other ◽  
Open Door ◽  
Price Hike ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Liberalization Policies

Although some may assert that it is too early to assess the impact of Anwar al-Sadat's liberalization policies on the Egyptian economy, I believe there is enough evidence to measure the important trends that have arisen in their wake. And while the statistics and conclusions may be regarded as tentative, they delineate a picture.“There is a smell of money around this place.” With this sentence J. R. Frickers, head of Mobil Oil in Egypt, gives us a feeling for the atmosphere that prevailed in Egypt in 1974. The oil price hike of December 23, 1973, created billions of-dollars in surplus funds for Saudi Arabia and the other Arab oil-producing states.

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