The Rise of Partnerships: From Local to Global

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Gray ◽  
Jill Purdy
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
Robust Solutions ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Societal Problems ◽  
Shared Norms ◽  
Multistakeholder Partnerships

Multistakeholder partnerships (MSPs) are formed to tackle knotty societal problems, promote innovation, provide public services, expand governance capabilities, set standards for a field, or resolve conflicts that impede progress on critical issues. Partnerships are viewed as collaboration among four types of stakeholders: businesses, governments, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and civic society. The objective of collaboration is to create a richer, more comprehensive appreciation of the iss/problem than any of the partners could construct alone by viewing it from the perspectives of all the stakeholders and designing robust solutions. Such partnerships are necessary because few organizations contain sufficient knowledge and resources to fully analyze issues and take action on them unilaterally. Five essential components of a rigorous definition of collaboration are presented: interdependence among partners, emergence of shared norms, wrestling with differences, respect for different competencies, and assuming joint responsibility for outcomes. Several examples of MSPs are provided.

Primary Care: The Future for Pediatric Education

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 653-659
Author(s):  
Joel J. Alpert
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Care Problems

There is a continuing crisis in primary care, characterized by inadequate numbers of appropriately trained primary care physicians and the failure to mount an effective and consistent graduate educational program for primary care. This paper reviews the history of the primary care crisis; revisits the definition of primary care; and, through identification of critical issues, presents a primary care educational agenda for the 1990s. Pediatrics is at a crossroads regarding primary care, as powerful social and economic forces are impacting on today's major pediatric care problems. Before the second World War there were more than 300 primary care physicians available for each 100 000 of our population. Today the ratio is 75 for 100 000. This is despite the fact that a shortage of 50 000 physicians 10 years ago no longer exists. The majority view is that a physician surplus of 70 000 will be present by the early 1990s.1 Whether there is a surplus is subject to interpretation and the surplus may end up as nonexistent. Moreover, the availability of primary care physicians varies with geographic location, and even a single figure for this nation provides a distorted picture. The shortage is especially serious in inner cities and in many rural areas. In addition, the use of overall numbers assumes that all primary care physicians are appropriately trained in the general disciplines. For the past century, physicians have cared for patients usually as family physicians. Today, however, the generalist has been replaced by the specialist. Is this a function of financial rewards and society's needs and values or the educational experience?

Il modello sociale europeo. Valutazioni e contributi delle chiese e confessioni religiose d'Europa

2013 ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
Marco Ricceri
Keyword(s):  
Social Model ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Religious Congregations ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
European Social Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
National Welfare ◽  
Definition Of

The evolution of the European integration process and the foundation of the Union, invite us to consider the National welfare systems in a wider outlook: the European Social Model (ESM). Integration process and EU foundation are both essential components to the ESM and they receive constant impulse towards the adoption of modern practices and rules. Without reference to the European framework we run the risk to simplify the understanding of both specific features of the national welfare models and of the contribution given by the religious traditions to their development. It is at the European level that the Churches and the religious Congregations have been able to introduce several central elements in the new social policy guidelines valid for the all national systems. An analysis and assessment of the influence brought by the Churches to the E.U. becomes a key factor in a scientific analytical study. Chapter aims to discuss: a) approaches to the "Social Question" assumed by the European authorities; b) the social system as defined by the Lisbon Treaty (2007); c) a shared definition of the "European Social Model"; d) the influence of Religious Congregations to defining the E.U. principles; e) the support of the Churches towards a sustainable social and economic development.

scholarly journals Student access to and skills in using technology in an open and distance learning context

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanlie Liebenberg ◽  
Yuraisha Chetty ◽  
Paul Prinsloo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
South African ◽  
Learning Context ◽  
Access To Technology ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
South African Higher Education

<p>Amidst the different challenges facing higher education, and particularly distance education (DE) and open distance learning (ODL), access to information and communication technology (ICT) and students’ abilities to use ICTs are highly contested issues in the South African higher education landscape. While there are various opinions about the scope and definition of the digital divide, increasing empirical evidence questions the uncritical use of the notion of the digital divide in South African and international higher education discourses.</p><p>In the context of the University of South Africa (Unisa) as a mega ODL institution, students’ access to technology and their functional competence are some of the critical issues to consider as Unisa prepares our graduates for an increasingly digital and networked world.</p><p>This paper discusses a descriptive study that investigated students’ access to technology and their capabilities in using technology, within the broader discourse of the “digital divide.” Results support literature that challenges a simplistic understanding of the notion of the “digital divide” and reveal that the nature of access is varied.</p>

Critical Issues in the Evaluation of Comorbidity of Psychiatric Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (S30) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Ulrich Wittchen
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Cognitive Markers ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Study Designs

Comorbidity has become an increasingly popular theme in psychiatry and clinical psychology, although its heuristic value was recognised long ago. Frequently used in research and practice, no definition of comorbidity is uniformly accepted and it has no comprehensive and coherent theoretical framework. These factors have led to substantial variation in the magnitude of comorbidity across studies. The variability in the definition, assessment and design of comorbidity studies has led to an increasingly complex and confusing picture about the potential value of this concept. The full exploration of mechanisms of comorbidity requires an interdisciplinary approach to investigating nosology, assessment, and underlying models of comorbidity, as well as experimental study designs beyond the scope of clinical and epidemiological studies. A more precise specification of comorbidity patterns might help identify common biochemical and cognitive markers relevant in the aetiology of specific mental disorders as well as comorbid conditions. Critical issues that might help us understand and explain the variability of findings are described.

scholarly journals Participation and the role of Public Space

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gabriel Copeland
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Young People ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
The Many ◽  
Definition Of

This article examines participatory rights as human rights and considers their importance to the lives of children and young people. It argues that a broad definition of participation needs to be used which takes us from 'round tables' to understanding that young people participate in many different ways. It points out that failure to recognise and respect the many varied ways that children and young people choose to participate results in a breach of their human rights. It shows how our socio-legal system operates to permit and support these breaches of the rights of children and young people, resulting in their alienation from civic society.

scholarly journals Introduction of Innovative Approaches in the Activities of Local Self-Government Bodies of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Oleg Diegtiar ◽  
Тetyana Kravchenko ◽  
Nataliia Oliinyk ◽  
Mykola Durman ◽  
Maryna Borovyk
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Continuous Development ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Legal Mechanism ◽  
Innovative Approaches

The article is devoted to the problems of finding and introducing modern innovative approaches to the activities of local self-government bodies of Ukraine. It has been found that overcoming the problems of old and inefficient models and management methods that do not meet the requirements of modern communities is possible only through the development of high-quality and effective theoretical, methodical, organizational, and legal support for the process of local self-government. The definition of the concept of “local self-government” is summarized, using the regulatory margin and considering this concept in the context of modern realities, which now constantly face this institution of management. The author's interpretation of the category “local self-government” was developed for the needs of solving the problems and problems set out in the article. An organizational and legal mechanism for introducing innovative approaches to the activities of local self-government bodies has been developed as the main element of the definition of the category “local self-government.” Problems related to the effective functioning of institutions for the provision of “electronic” public services have been investigated. Innovative approaches to improving mechanisms for the provision of “electronic” public services by local authorities have been developed and justified. A general methodology for reengineering the administrative and management processes of local self-government bodies in the form of phases and stages of its implementation has been developed. It was concluded that the continuous development of the system of local self-government does not allow the development of sustainable types of innovative approaches to solve problem areas of local self-government “forever,” but requires the constant monitoring of foreign experience of advanced countries and the constant development of new and progressive innovative mechanisms that will continue to introduce decentralization reform and the creation of strong and effective local self-government bodies

scholarly journals ENVENIMATIONS VIPERINES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (09) ◽  
pp. 432-437
Author(s):  
N. Tajellijiti ◽  
◽  
H. Errifaiy ◽  
N. Boukoub ◽  
Y. Elouardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Hypovolemic Shock ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Biological Criteria ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
General Sign

Rational:The viper envenomations are a real public health problem in Morocco more deaths are reported each year. It is a medical-surgical emergency which can be daunting and life-threatening, as well as the patients functional prognosis. Patients and Methods or Material and Methods:We present 24 cases of serious viper envenomation, on a retrospective study extended over a period of 9 years from 2010 to 2019, and through a literature review we clarify the following aspects: epidemiological, pathophysiological, clinical and therapeutic. Inclusion criteria: The presence of traces of hooks with at least one locoregional and / or general sign of envenomation. The actual presence of the snake in question and / or its description by a witness or the victim. Results:This is a retrospective study that interested 12 men and 13 women, mean age 41 years. The bites were due to vipers, the species was known cerastescerastes type in two cases, MacroviperaMauritanica in one case. 13 patients had a consumptive coagulopathy table with two cases of ischemic stroke, one case of hypovolemic shock and 4 cases of hemorrhagic shock, ten patients had compartment syndrome treated by emergency fasciotomy discharge.11 patients received anti venom serum with clinical improvement and reduction of complications. Discussion:The poison of vipers is a chemical proteinaceous with two essential components: the toxins and enzymes. These proteins are responsible for the observed symptoms. The severity of envenomation is related to the plasma concentration of the venom. The definition of early clinical and biological criteria of gravity has envenomation better assess and clarify the therapeutic indications. Processing viper envenomation considerably simplified over the past decade. The medical care is based on a symptomatic therapy component associated with a specific serum therapy. On early treatment with these specific immunoglobulins from the onset of signs of grades II or III envenomation reduces morbidity, sequelae and the total cost of care. Conclusion:Improving the prognosis of envenomation involves information education and good care that can only be achieved through close collaboration between.

Scotland's Civic Society v. England's Big Society? Diverging Roles of the VCS in Public Service Delivery

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Danson ◽  
Geoffrey Whittam
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Public Service Delivery ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
Big Society ◽  
The Public

The devolved governments and parliaments of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland increasingly have been adopting different approaches from England to the delivery of public services. With more powers and responsibilities, Scotland has initiated these moves to divergence, not least with respect to the roles of volunteering, the Voluntary and Community Sectors (VCS) in the context of the ‘Big Society’. This article explores how the environment and institutions in Scotland increasingly are generating moves for different relations between the public, private and VCS. With key powers reserved for the Westminster parliament, differences are demonstrated in the position and development of the VCS.

scholarly journals Studying Human Habits in Societal Context: Examining Support for a Basic Stimulus–Response Mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 614-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Marien ◽  
Ruud Custers ◽  
Henk Aarts
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Basic Definition ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
Societal Context ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Basic Stimulus ◽  
Societal Problems ◽  
Independent Behavior

Human habits are considered to be an important root of societal problems. The significance of habits has been demonstrated for a variety of behaviors in different domains, such as work, transportation, health, and ecology, suggesting that habits have a pervasive impact on human life. Studying and changing habits in societal context requires a broad view of behavior, which poses a challenge for applying basic models to complex human habits. We address the conceptualization and operationalization of habits in the current literature and note that claims about the role of habits in societal context rarely agree with the basic definition of habits as goal-independent behavior. We consider future directions that are important for making progress in the study of habit change in societal context.

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