Scripting Gabriel García Márquez’s Life

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-30
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Hart

Any biographical essay on the famous Colombian writer Gabriel García Márquez (1927–2014) must take into account biographies that have already been written—including, of course, Dasso Saldívar’s thoughtful García Márquez: El viaje a la semilla; La biografía (1997), Gerald Martin’s excellent Gabriel García Márquez: A Life (2008), and Stephen M. Hart’s Gabriel García Márquez (2010)—counterbalanced by García Márquez’s own autobiography, Vivir para contarla (2002). This article (1) sets out the intrinsically significant events of Gabo’s life and the impact they had on his development as a writer (journalist, film critic, cultural/political commentator, writer of short fiction and long fiction); (2) focuses on the osmosis between his life and his literary work, including an analysis of the first and only volume of his memoirs and how they overlap with his literary works and, indeed, are at times overwhelmed by them, as present in particular in El amor en los tiempos del cólera (1985), inspired by his parents’ love affair, in which the version of events provided by the novel supersedes the “real” sequence of events; and (3) uses the notion of doubleness—evident in his life via the opposition between his “real” family and his “false” family of illegitimate offspring, produced by his grandfather’s wanton ways, as well as the figure of the “double” in his fiction and particularly Cien años de soledad (1967)—as a structuring device of the article’s emplotment.

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Meli Kusmawati

Abstrak:             Penulisan ini untuk mengetahui tokoh Aku yang mengalami luka karena dikhianati dan ditinggalkan oleh kekasihnya sehingga ia mengalami konflik batin.  Pembaca diberi gambaran untuk terus berjalan meskipun deretan ironi telah banyak melukai. Novel ini memiliki aspek-aspek yang sangat menarik untuk dikaji.  Masalah yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana aspek-aspek prikoanalisi (yang nyata, yang imajiner,  dan yang simbolik)dAalam Novel Cinta Tak Pernah Tepat Waktu karya Puthut EA . Berdasarkan rumusan masalah tersebut,  penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan aspek-aspek psikoanilisis yang terdapat dalam Novel Cinta Tak Pernah Tepat Waktu karya EA.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif untuk menghasilkan data berupa berupa deskriptif.  Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data antara lain: metode dokumentasi,  metode telaah,  dan metode studi perpustakaan.  Sesuai terkumpul akan dianalisis dengan tekhnik deskriptif.  Hasil penelitian ini adalah novel Cinta Tak Pernah Tepat Waktu karya Puthut EA mengandung aspek-aspek psikoanalisi.  Aspek-aspek psikoanalisis yang terdapat dalam novel ini dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu: yang nyata(rasa kenyamanan pada tokoh Aku) yang imajiner (rasa kehilangan pada tokoh Aku),  yang simbolik (rasa keinginan pada tokoh Aku)Setiap karya sastra pada dasarnya mengandung aspek-aspek yang dapat memberikan manfaat sebagai pedoman bagi pembacanya sehingga hendaknya karya-karya sastra dapat diapresiasikan secara maksimal. Novel ini berisi pengalaman tokoh Aku beserta hikmah yang dapat dipetik dalam kehidupan. Abstrak:             The writing was to know the figure of I who was injured by being betrayed and abandoned by his lover so that he suffered an inner conflict.  Readers are given an overview to keep going though a row of irony has hurt a lot. The Novel has very interesting aspects to be studied.  The problem discussed in this study is how the Prikoanalyisi aspects (the real, the imaginary, and the symbolic) dAalam Novel Love never punctual the work of Puthut EA. Based on the problem, this research aims to describe the aspects of psychoanilisis in the Novel Love never-timely work of EA.  This type of research is qualitative research to produce a descriptive form of data.  Methods used in data collection include: Documentation methods, study methods, and library studies methods.  The appropriate collected will be analyzed with descriptive technology.  The results of this research are novel love never timely work by Puthut EA contains psychoanalyisi aspects.  The psychoanalytical aspects contained in the novel are divided into three, namely: the real (sense of comfort on the figure of me) the imaginary (the loss of my character), the symbolic (sense of desire on the figure of me) every literary work essentially Contains aspects that can provide benefits as a guideline for its readers so that the literary works can be maximally appreciated. This Novel contains the experience of the character I and the wisdom that can be learned in life.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-241
Author(s):  
G. I. Lushnikova ◽  
T. Iu. Osadchaia

Postmodern play is one of the important characteristics of modern fiction; it often acts as a text-forming element of the literary work. Literary play is manifested within different text levels and literary discourse strategies: the narrative, composition, imagery, diction, narrative temporality and modality, the technique of metanarrative. The present paper features the poetics of play within different text levels and literary discourse strategies in the novel by contemporary Scottish writer Ali Smith "There But For The". At the level of the novel’s narrative, the play manifests itself in the confusion of reality and fantasy, imagination and actual memory in the characters' internal speech. At the level of composition, the author plays with the readers, giving them an opportunity to find some "key" that will connect the four chapters of the novel and the prologue; the characters and connections between them are sometimes also a mystery. Within the literary strategy of temporality, the following play elements are presented: the contrast between serious reasoning about Time and humorous comments and thematically related pieces of poetry; nonlinear narration; description of events which take place in different time periods in a short context. Within the literary strategy of modality, we can trace the author’s play with the reader and the effect of defeated expectancy. The technique of metanarrative also contains elements of the play: the literary and stylistic means used in the novel are explained both in a serious and a joking manner. The diction of the novel is characterized by usage of stylistic devices of different language levels, their function being that of the play: oxymoron, zeugma, chiasm, holophrasis, different types of morphological repetition, and pun. The results of the study suggest that the introduction of elements of a play into the novel at its different levels makes a sharp contrast with the existential themes of the work. Such a contrast greatly enhances the impact of this novel on the reader and requires further study. 


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Betty Mauli

<p>The culture of Minangkabau is different from the ones generally existing in Indonesia, particularly compared to the Javanese culture. Therefore, the culture of Minangkabau is often considered as a contradictory or antithesis of the Javanese culture, frequently represented as the overall culture of Indonesia. The peculiarity of Minangkabau culture lays in its matrilineality which influences lineage and inheritance. The contradictory matter refers to the society of Minangkabau that is the largest Islamic followers in Indonesia, yet their ancestral traditions are not completely in line with the Islamic teachings, some even are contradictory. It is a common knowledge that a literary work is not born from an ‘empty culture’ meaning that a literary work must be influenced by its author. Even some of literary experts believe that a society described in a novel is the real society where the author lives. It is similar to the novel of <em>Sengsara Membawa Nikmat </em>of Sutan Sati, which is the object of this paper. The novel describes the society of Minangkabau in the early 20<sup>th </sup>century, at the end of 1920s to be exact.This research shows how the efforts of Minangkabau people in adopting the Islamic teachings completely and how Islam adapts to the Minangkabau hereditary traditions. Some of the traditions may exist in accordance with the Islamic teachings, but some do not. Even there is a need to gather all headman of the ethnic group to decide a case which is not in line with Islam, whether following pure traditions or Islam as it should be. </p>


INFORMASI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Abdul Muqit

 The socio-political fiction novel is generally realistic and gives an implicit picture of the social environment of a place. This type of reading is less popular because it is difficult to interpret and is also of less interest to readers than other literature. One of the works that can reflect this literary type is the novel entitled “Orang-Orang Proyek” by Ahmad Tohari, which represents the real condition of the Indonesian community under their politic and social circumstances. This paper tries to break down the literary work using the deconstructive-reading method to read a text with multi-interpretation understanding where the version contains many probabilities of meaning. This study will be able to provide insight into the correct reading method according to the purpose and type of literacy used in literary works.  Novel fiksi sosial-politik umumnya realistis dan memberikan gambaran implisit tentang lingkungan sosial suatu tempat. Jenis bacaan ini kurang populer karena sulit untuk ditafsirkan dan juga kurang menarik bagi pembaca daripada literatur lainnya. Salah satu karya yang dapat mencerminkan jenis sastra ini adalah novel berjudul “Orang-Orang Proyek” oleh Ahmad Tohari, yang mewakili kondisi nyata masyarakat Indonesia di bawah kondisi sosial dan politik mereka. Makalah ini mencoba untuk memecah karya sastra menggunakan metode membaca dekonstruktif untuk membaca teks dengan pemahaman multi-interpretasi di mana representasi mengandung banyak kemungkinan makna. Penelitian ini akan dapat memberikan wawasan tentang metode membaca yang benar sesuai dengan tujuan dan jenis literasi yang digunakan dalam karya sastra. 


2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-197
Author(s):  
Neil Khor ◽  
Mohd Khaldun Malek

This commentary piece is based upon an article published in Malaysiakini 1 and the reactions that resulted from it. The article is not a literary appraisal of the novel. It is an attempt to understand the ensuing controversy and plead for literary freedom. It is not the writer’s place to decide whether the novel is suitable as classroom material but this piece explains the special qualities of literary work and the ethnic politics in Malaysia that is the real casus belli for the controversy. Keywords : Interlok , ethnic politics, controversial literary work, school textbook


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-342
Author(s):  
Abbas Abbas

The research discusses social problems experienced by women in a literary work entitled The Handmaid's by Magaret Atwood Magaret. The social problems in question are discussed the social problem of women that happened in the novel The Handmaid’s Tale and described the impact of social problem on women characters in the novel. The suffering that befell women handmaids such as Offred, Ofglen, Janine, and others occurs in a country called the Republic of Gilead. The research uses the Structuralism Approach, a literary research method that emphasizes structural aspects in the form of character, plot, setting, theme, and others. Gender study in literature becomes the perspective of this research which highlights social injustice towards female characters in the fictional story. The research data are then analyzed by using qualitative research methods and explained descriptively. The results of this study indicate that during the reign of the Gilead Republic, women experienced various social problems in the form of separation from family, not getting proper education, restrictions on freedom, forced childbirth for elite families, and the obligation to perform certain rituals. The social problems experienced by these women resulted in severe depression that almost claimed their lives.


2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 219-229
Author(s):  
Radosvet Kolarov

This article investigates the hermeneutic position of one text in relation to another one. More precisely, it is the case when one of the texts clarifies the meaning of another, amplifies the emphases of the other text, raises it to a higher power. A literary work with such explanatory intention is designated in the article with the term “semantic amplifier”. Its action is demonstrated by an analysis of two literary works of Dostoevsky: the novel “The Idiot” and the long short story “The Meek One”. The term “dissipative motif network” is introduced in order to designate a network of motifs, whose links stand significantly wide apart and refer to different narrative situations. The connections among the variants of the motifs are not obvious or graphic; they are so to speak dotted, implicit and require deciphering. In “The Idiot” the links of the motif network are such as marking oneself with a sign of the cross in front of an icon, deadly paleness, jumping, and blood. However, those are also the links of the motif chain that constitutes the suicide of the character in “The Meek One”. Nevertheless, when a reader goes through the lens of “The Idiot”, the linkage among these motifs in the long short story seems to be accelerated. What is separated in time and is indirectly connected, it becomes tightened and assembled. The dissipative motif network so to speak gathers up into one indivisible gesture in which this cause and effect merge together into one single trajectory of the jump, the end of which is the death of the character. It is as if what happens in “The Meek One” is latently set in advance in “The Idiot”. A jump from the stairs and a leaping from the roof are variants of the very important for Dostoevsky motif “threshold situation”, which is crossing the threshold in a literal and in a figurative sense; an act which marks a turning point in a plot when decisions are taken, characters go through a crisis and cross the border of incompatible events. When “The Meek One” is read in the sense of framework of “The Idiot”, the story has the function of a semantic amplifier: the jump from a low height turns into a jump from a great height; the almost unconscious ritual of bowing in front of the icon turns into jumping with an icon held in both hands, the deadly paleness understood figuratively turns into the real paleness of a dead body. Thus, in the process that is aimed at creating its artistic conception, a literary work enters into the depths of another literary work, deciphers its innermost messages, enunciates and articulates them with its own voice.


2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (17/18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadri Naanu

Teesid: Orjust ja orjandust puudutavate kirjandusteoste kirjapanemise eesmärk ulatub sageli autori isiklikest kunstilistest taotlustest kaugemale ja on seotud sooviga teksti lugejat mõjutada, mistõttu on kirjutajate jaoks oluline võita nende publiku usaldus. Artikkel uurib, milliseid vahendeid eesti ja AafrikaAmeerika autorid kasutavad, et veenda lugejaid oma tekstide või minevikutõlgenduse tõeväärtuses. Analüüs toetub Harriet Jacobsi kanoonilisele orjanarratiivile „Incidents in a Life of a Slave Girl“ (1861) ja Eduard Vilde ajaloolisele romaanile „Mahtra sõda“ (1902). Kahte nõnda erinevasse kirjandustraditsiooni kuuluvate tekstide käsitlemine ühe artikli piirides aitas märgata huvitavat paralleeli – mõlemad analüüsitud autorid toetusid teostes dokumentaalsele abimaterjalile, et paigutada tekstis kirjeldatud sündmuseid tekstivälisesse maailma. Texts that depict slavery or serfdom, both autobiographical and fictional, are often written with a purpose that is not restricted to the artistic objectives of a particular author. Their purpose may be to find supporters for the abolitionist cause, to provide the readers with an understanding of the everyday conditions of slavery or serfdom, or to use the past in order to speak about the present, etc. In order to reach these objectives and not alienate their audience, the literary work has to take into account the reader’s expectations (i.e., regarding the genre) or their prejudice (i.e., regarding the author). This means that these supposed ideas or prejudices influence the ways in which authors tell the story. This article explores the dynamics of address in Harriet Jacobs’s autobiographical slave narrative Incidents in a Life of a Slave Girl (1861) and Eduard Vilde’s historical novel The War of Mahtra (1902) in order to outline the strategies the authors use to gain the reader’s trust and connect their work with the world outside the text. These strategies have also influenced the reception of the work. Harriet Ann Jacobs’ autobiographical slave narrative Incidents in a Life of a Slave Girl that was published under the pseudonym Linda Brent relies on many strategies used by slave narrators who sought to find supporters for the abolitionist cause. Jacobs addresses her text to the white women in the North. As a former slave she had to take her audience’s prejudice against black people into account and try to overturn them in her narrative. In order to gain her readers’ trust, she incorporates cover letters that attest to her reliability as a reader as well as other documents. Eduard Vilde’s novel The War of Mahtra is the first part of the author’s historical trilogy that focuses on the peasant insurrections that took place in the Estonian territory after the new peasant law of 1856. The central episode of the novel is the insurgency in the Mahtra manor where the peasants revolted against the soldiers sent to discipline them. The events of the insurrection were still in the memory of the novel’s readers when Vilde published the text. For this reason it was important for the author to align his view of the insurrection with the readers’ understanding of the events. Therefore, the author relies on historical records that he cites in his novel (a narrative device not used at the time by other authors) and incorporates evidence from archival documents into his text.


LITERA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anwar Efendi

This research objective is to describe two things, namely (1) the manifestations ofalienation and (2) characterization elements employed to describe human alienationin Pol, a novel by Putu Wijaya. These two things are related to the worldview adoptedby Putu Wijaya as a writer in response to the sociohistoricalcondition in society.The source of the data in this study was Putu Wijaya’s Pol (the first impression,1987). The data were collected through reading and recording. The data analysiscovered two aspects, namely (1) the structural aspect, and (2) the genetic aspect of theliterary work, the writer’s worldview. The validity was assessed through semanticvalidity and the reliability was assessed by reading and rereading (intraraterreliability).On the basis of the research findings and analysis, some inferences can be made.First, alienation in Pol on the basis of its manifestations can be classified into threecategories, namely (a) loneliness, (b) spiritual emptiness, and (c) disappointment.Second, characters’ alienation symptoms are expressed through characterizationelements, comprising (a) the writer’ s description of characters, (b) characters’thoughts, (c) characters’ actions, and (d) minor characters’ reactions to the maincharacter. A literary work as a life model or an alternative world is always relatedto the real life. In the novel, Putu Wijaya posits himself as a photographer of thesociety’s life.


2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Camila Da Silva Alavarce Campos

<p><strong>Resumo</strong>: O texto refere-se a um estudo dos processos de construção do romance Vícios e virtudes, de Helder Macedo, objetivando a retomada e a discussão do conceito de ironia romântica. Essa ironia, em especial, desmistifica os jogos da representação artística clássica, que entende o texto literário como imitação do real. Ao contrário disso, favorece a expressão do fazer literário com todas as suas limitações, elaborações e reelaborações de linguagem, legitimando o caráter de arte, de natureza fictícia e, pois, de exercício de experimentação presentes na literatura. O escritor Helder Macedo parece propor, no referido romance, uma reflexão acerca do processo criativo – reflexão que se ocupará fundamentalmente da construção da obra literária, compreendida enquanto criação permanente. Acreditamos que a ironia romântica potencializa essa reflexão, na medida em que desvela o fazer literário como encenação, como fingimento. Pensando na estrutura paradoxal da ironia, acreditamos que ela acaba por dizer sempre mais do que fica expresso e, nesse sentido, aproxima-se da literatura de um modo geral, mas, sobretudo, do estilo lírico. O elemento lúdico parece caracterizá-los, na medida em que ambos – a ironia romântica e o lírico – partem de uma espécie de jogo que contraria o pragmatismo da linguagem convencional. Para Antonino Pagliaro, “A ironia participa ao mesmo tempo do caráter agonístico do enigma e do jogo poético.” O romance Vícios e virtudes, do escritor português Helder Macedo, cria um espaço importante para o estudo das questões colocadas, já que expressa um projeto literário no qual se exibe uma intensa valorização do estético, do ficcional e do poético.</p> <p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: Ficção; ironia romântica; lirismo; representação.</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong>: This study approaches the processes of construction of the novel Vices and virtues by Helder Macedo, aiming to discussthe concept of romantic irony. This irony, in particular, demystifies the games of classic artistic representation, which considers the literary text as an imitation of the real. In contrast, it favors the expression of literary writing with all its limitations, elaborations, and reworking of language, legitimizing the art and fictitious character and, therefore, of experimentation in literature. In the novel writer Helder Macedo seems to propose a reflection on the creative process that essentially works on the construction of the literary work, which is understood as a permanent creation. We believe that romantic irony enhances this reflection as it reveals the literary writing as staging and pretense. Thinking about the paradoxical structure of irony, we believe it always ends up saying more than what is expressed, thus, it approaches the literature in general, but especially the lyrical style. The playfulness seems to characterize them once both – the romantic irony and the lyrical aspect – run by a kind of game that contradicts the pragmatism of conventional language. To Antonino Pagliaro, “Irony is simultaneously involved in the agonistic character of the puzzle and in the poetic game”. The novel Vices and virtues by the Portuguese writer Helder Macedo, creates an important space for the study of the issues raised, once it expresses a literature project in which there is intense appreciation of the aesthetic, the fictional and the poetic characters.</p> <p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Fiction; romantic irony; lyricism; representation.</p>


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